Nhazi nke oghere carbon poreus - Ⅰ

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Akwụkwọ a na-enyocha ahịa carbon a na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a, na-eme nyocha miri emi nke ihe ndị e ji emepụta carbon a na-arụ ọrụ, na-ewebata ụzọ e si akọwapụta nhazi pore, ụzọ e si emepụta ya, ihe ndị na-emetụta ya na ọganihu ngwa nke carbon a na-arụ ọrụ, ma na-enyocha nsonaazụ nyocha nke teknụzụ nhazi nhazi carbon a na-arụ ọrụ, na-achọ ịkwalite carbon a na-arụ ọrụ ka ọ rụọ ọrụ ka ukwuu n'itinye teknụzụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na nke na-enweghị carbon.

 

Nkwadebe nke kabọn arụ ọrụ

N'ozuzu, nkwadebe nke carbon arụ ọrụ kewara ụzọ abụọ: carbonization na ime ka ọ rụọ ọrụ

 

Usoro nhazi kabọn

Nkagharị Carbonization na-ezo aka n'usoro nke ikpo ọkụ coal a na-anaghị amị amị na oke okpomọkụ n'okpuru nchekwa nke gas na-anaghị amị amị iji gbazee ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe ya ma nweta ngwaahịa carbonized etiti. Kagharị carbonation nwere ike iru ihe mgbaru ọsọ a tụrụ anya ya site na ịgbanwe paramita usoro ahụ. Ọmụmụ ihe egosila na okpomọkụ ịgbalite bụ paramita usoro dị mkpa na-emetụta njirimara carbonization. Jie Qiang et al. mụrụ mmetụta nke ọnụego kpo oku carbonization na arụmọrụ nke carbon arụ ọrụ na oven muffle ma chọpụta na obere ọnụego na-enyere aka imeziwanye mmepụta nke ihe carbonized ma mepụta ihe dị elu.

 

Usoro mmegharị

Nkapụta carbon nwere ike ime ka ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe ndị a mepụta ihe owuwu microcrystalline yiri graphite ma mepụta ihe owuwu isi oghere. Agbanyeghị, ihe ndị ọzọ na-emebi ma ọ bụ gbochie oghere ndị a ma mechie ha, na-ebute obere mpaghara elu kpọmkwem ma chọọ ka e mee ka ha rụọ ọrụ ọzọ. Mmelite bụ usoro nke ime ka ihe owuwu nke ngwaahịa a na-emepụta carbon dịkwuo mma, nke a na-emekarị site na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ dị n'etiti ihe na-eme ka ihe na-emegharị ahụ na ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe: ọ nwere ike ịkwalite nhazi microcrystalline oghere.

Mmelite na-agafe usoro atọ n'ime usoro nke ime ka pores nke ihe ahụ baa ọgaranya:
(1) Imepe oghere ndị e mechiri emechi mbụ (site na oghere ndị ahụ);
(2) Ime ka oghere ndị mbụ gbasaa (mgbasawanye oghere ndị ahụ);
(3) Ịkpụpụta oghere ọhụrụ (ịmepụta oghere);

A naghị eme mmetụta atọ a naanị ha, kama ha na-eme n'otu oge ma na-arụkọ ọrụ. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ dị mfe, site na oghere na imepụta oghere na-enyere aka ịbawanye ọnụọgụ oghere, karịsịa obere oghere, nke bara uru maka nkwadebe ihe oghere nwere nnukwu oghere na nnukwu mpaghara elu, ebe oke oghere ga-eme ka oghere ndị ahụ jikọta ma jikọọ, na-agbanwe obere oghere ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu oghere. Ya mere, iji nweta ihe carbon a na-arụ ọrụ nwere obere oghere na nnukwu mpaghara elu, ọ dị mkpa izere oke mkpali. Usoro mkpali carbon a na-ejikarị eme ihe gụnyere usoro kemịkalụ, usoro anụ ahụ na usoro physicochemical.

 

Usoro mmeghari kemịkalụ

Usoro mkpali kemịkalụ na-ezo aka n'ụzọ e si etinye ihe ndị na-eme ka kemịkalụ dị n'ime ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe, wee kpoo ha ọkụ site n'itinye gas nchebe dịka N2 na Ar n'ime ọkụ ọkụ iji mee ka ha dị ka carbon ma mee ka ha rụọ ọrụ n'otu oge. Ihe ndị na-eme ka kemịkalụ dịkarịsịrị bụ NaOH, KOH na H3P04. Usoro mkpali kemịkalụ nwere uru nke obere okpomọkụ na mmepụta dị elu, mana ọ nwekwara nsogbu dịka nnukwu nchara, ihe isi ike n'iwepụ ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'elu na mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi dị njọ.

 

Usoro mkpali anụ ahụ

Usoro mkpali anụ ahụ na-ezo aka n'itinye ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe ozugbo n'ime ọkụ, wee meghachi omume na gas dịka CO2 na H20 ewebatara na okpomọkụ dị elu iji mezuo ebumnuche nke ịbawanye oghere na ịgbasa oghere, mana usoro mkpali anụ ahụ enweghị njikwa dị mma nke nhazi oghere ahụ. N'ime ha, a na-eji CO2 eme ihe nke ukwuu n'ịkwadebe carbon arụ ọrụ n'ihi na ọ dị ọcha, dị mfe inweta ma dịkwa ọnụ ala. Jiri shei aki oyibo eme ka ọ dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe ma mee ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na CO2 iji kwadebe carbon arụ ọrụ na micropores mepụtara, yana mpaghara elu kpọmkwem na olu oghere zuru oke nke 1653m2·g-1 na 0.1045cm3·g-1, n'otu n'otu. Arụmọrụ ahụ ruru ọkọlọtọ ojiji nke carbon arụ ọrụ maka capacitors abụọ.

Mee ka nkume loquat rụọ ọrụ na CO2 iji kwadebe carbon a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, mgbe emechara ya na 1100℃ maka nkeji iri atọ, mpaghara elu kpọmkwem na olu oghere niile ruru 3500m2·g-1 na 1.84cm3·g-1, n'otu n'otu. Jiri CO2 mee ihe nke abụọ na carbon aki oyibo a na-arụ ọrụ. Mgbe emechara ya, e belatara obere oghere nke ngwaahịa emechara, olu micropore mụbara site na 0.21 cm3·g-1 ruo 0.27 cm3·g-1, mpaghara elu kpọmkwem mụbara site na 627.22 m2·g-1 ruo 822.71 m2·g-1, ikike nnabata nke phenol mụbara site na 23.77%.

Ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ amụọla ihe ndị bụ isi na-achịkwa usoro mkpali CO2. Mohammad na ndị otu ya [21] chọpụtara na okpomọkụ bụ ihe na-emetụta ihe dị mkpa mgbe ejiri CO2 mee ka sawdust rọba rụọ ọrụ. Ebe a kapịrị ọnụ, olu oghere na obere porosity nke ngwaahịa emechara buru ụzọ mụbaa wee belata ka okpomọkụ na-arị elu. Cheng Song na ndị otu ya [22] jiri usoro nzaghachi elu iji nyochaa usoro mkpali CO2 nke shei mkpụrụ macadamia. Nsonaazụ gosiri na okpomọkụ mmalite na oge mmalite nwere mmetụta kachasị na mmepe nke obere pores carbon arụ ọrụ.