Menene Porous Silicon Carbide Ceramics

Lokacin da aka samo samfuranyumbu mai lanƙwasa na silicon carbideAn fara ganin su a dakin gwaje-gwaje, tsarin da aka gabatar a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa ta lantarki yayi kama da gidan zuma da aka ƙara girmansa sau miliyan. Wannan kayan na musamman mai ramuka na 15-60% yana motsawa a hankali daga ɗakunan konewa na injunan sararin samaniya zuwa rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun.

A cikin injin turbin iskar gas a zafin 1600℃, kayan yau da kullun sun daɗe suna zama ƙarfe mai narkewa, amma silikon carbide mai ramuka yana kiyaye kwanciyar hankali mai ban mamaki. A bara, lokacin da ya ziyarci Cibiyar Ceramics ta Shanghai ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta China, wani mai bincike ya nuna wani gwaji mai ban sha'awa: sanya takardar silicon carbide mai ramuka a cikin harshen wuta mai iskar oxygen-acetylene (kimanin 3000℃), ma'aunin zafi a baya ya nuna cewa ya tashi da 72℃ kawai. Wannan juriyar zafi da aka samo daga tsarin lu'ulu'u na β-SiC ya sa ya zama "sulke mara ganuwa" don tsarin kariyar zafi na sararin samaniya. Mafi kyau ma, waɗannan ramuka masu girman micron suna kama da ƙananan bututun hayaki marasa adadi, suna rage ingancin watsa zafi da kashi 40-60% idan aka kwatanta da yumbu mai ƙarfi.

Wataƙila ma masana kimiyya ba su yi tsammanin cewa wannan nau'in yumbu, wanda aka ƙirƙira shi don yanayi mai tsauri ba, zai fuskanci bazara ta biyu a fannin likitanci. Binciken asibiti da aka buga a cikin Mujallar Biomaterials a cikin 2024 ya nuna cewa sifofi na silicon carbide masu girman ramuka masu girman gradient (5μm a saman da 200μm a ƙasa) suna da ƙimar haɗa ƙashi sau 2.3 fiye da na dashen ƙarfe na titanium na gargajiya.

Tsarin shirya silikon carbide mai ramuka da kansa sihiri ne na sinadarai. Ta hanyar hanyar samar da ramuka (wanda galibi ake kira polymethyl methacrylate microspheres) ko hanyar haɗa sinadarai, injiniyoyin kayan aiki za su iya sarrafa halayen ramuka daidai kamar masu turare. Abin sha'awa, sabuwar takardar izinin mallakar kamfanin 3M a Amurka ta nuna cewa amfani da diatomite da aka sake amfani da shi azaman samfurin halitta ba wai kawai yana rage farashin samarwa da kashi 18% ba, har ma ba zato ba tsammani yana samun tsarin bionic mai kama da ƙasusuwan murjani. Wannan dabarar "mai da sharar gida ta zama taska" ta yi daidai da hikimar Taoist na "amfanin marasa amfani".

Aikace-aikace

• A fannin kare muhalli:A matsayin babban kayan matatun barbashi na abin hawa na dizal (DPF), yana iya ɗaukar kashi 99.7% na PM2.5
•  Juyin Juya Halin Makamashi:Tallafin lantarki ga ƙwayoyin man fetur masu ƙarfi (SOFC) yana haɓaka ingancin samar da wutar lantarki zuwa kashi 65%
•  Likitan Halitta:Tsarin ramin ƙasusuwan da aka buga da 3D yana haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin halitta kuma yana rage zagayowar warkarwa ta asibiti da kashi 30%.
•  ƙera na'urorin semiconductor:An tsawaita tsawon rayuwar pads ɗin goge wafer sau uku, kuma an sayi tsarin TSMC na 3nm da yawa.