Ibumba rya Silicon Carbide rigizwe n'ibice bito ni iki?

Iyo ingero zaibumba rya silicon carbide rifite utwengebyagaragaye bwa mbere muri laboratwari, imiterere isa n'ubuki bw'ikinyabutabire yagaragajwe hifashishijwe mikorosikopi ya elegitoroni isa neza neza n'umuziba w'inzuki wagutse inshuro miliyoni. Iki gikoresho cyihariye gifite imyenge ya 15-60% kiri kugenda bucece kiva mu byumba bitwikwa bya moteri z'indege kijya mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.

Muri turbine ya gaze kuri 1600℃, ibikoresho bisanzwe byahindutse icyuma gishongeshejwe, ariko carbide ya silikoni ifite imyenge ikomeza gutuza bitangaje. Umwaka ushize, ubwo yasuraga Ikigo cya Shanghai cy’Ubushakashatsi ku by’Imari cya Akademiya y’Abashinwa, umushakashatsi yagaragaje igerageza rishimishije: gushyira urupapuro rwa silikoni rufite imyenge mu muriro wa ogisijeni-asetilini (hafi 3000℃), thermometer inyuma yagaragaje ko yazamutseho 72℃ gusa. Uku kudashyuha gukomoka ku miterere ya kristu ya β-SiC bituma iba "ingabo itagaragara" yo kurinda ubushyuhe bw'ibyogajuru. Ikiruta byose, utwo tuntu duto duto tumeze nk'udufuru duto cyane, bigabanya ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe ku kigero cya 40-60% ugereranije na ceramic ikomeye.

Birashoboka ko n'abahanga mu bya siyansi batari biteze ko ubwo bwoko bwa ceramic, bwakorewe ahantu hakomeye cyane, bwashoboraga kugaragara mu gihe cy'impeshyi mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi. Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru cya Biomaterials mu 2024 bwerekana ko ibyuma bya silikoni carbide bifite imiterere y'imyenge ya gradient (5μm ku buso na 200μm hepfo) bifite igipimo cyo guhuza amagufwa inshuro 2.3 kurusha ibyo byashyizwe mu bikoresho gakondo bya titanium alloy.

Uburyo bwo gutegura carbide ya silikoni ifite imyenge ubwayo ni ubuhanga buhanitse. Binyuze mu buryo bwo gukora imyenge (ubusanzwe ni polymethyl methacrylate microspheres) cyangwa uburyo bwo gusya ibintu, abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi bashobora kugenzura neza imiterere y’imyenge nk’abakora imibavu. Igishimishije ni uko patenti iheruka ya 3M Company muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika igaragaza ko gukoresha diatomite isubijwemo nk’icyitegererezo karemano bitagabanya gusa ikiguzi cyo gukora ku kigero cya 18%, ahubwo binatuma imiterere y’ibinyabuzima isa n’amagufwa ya korali ihinduka imiterere y’ibinyabuzima. Ubu buryo bwo "guhindura imyanda ubutunzi" bujyanye neza n’ubwenge bwa Taoist bw’ "akamaro k’ibintu bidafite umumaro".

Porogaramu

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