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Pepalali likufufuza msika wa kaboni wogwiritsidwa ntchito panopa, likuchita kusanthula mozama kwa zinthu zopangira kaboni wogwiritsidwa ntchito, likuwonetsa njira zofotokozera kapangidwe ka pores, njira zopangira, zinthu zomwe zimakhudza ndi kupita patsogolo kwa kaboni wogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikuwunikanso zotsatira za kafukufuku waukadaulo wokonza kapangidwe ka pores wogwiritsidwa ntchito, cholinga chake ndikulimbikitsa kaboni wogwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ugwire ntchito yayikulu pakugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wobiriwira komanso wotsika wa kaboni.
Kukonzekera kwa mpweya wopangidwa ndi activated carbon
Kawirikawiri, kukonzekera kwa kaboni woyatsidwa kumagawidwa m'magawo awiri: kaboni ndi kuyambitsa.
Njira yopangira kaboni
Kutenthetsa makala ang'onoang'ono kumatanthauza njira yotenthetsera makala ang'onoang'ono pa kutentha kwakukulu pansi pa chitetezo cha mpweya wosagwira ntchito kuti awononge zinthu zake zosasunthika ndikupeza zinthu zapakati zopangidwa ndi kaboni. Kutenthetsa makala ang'onoang'ono kumatha kukwaniritsa cholinga chomwe chikuyembekezeka mwa kusintha magawo a njira. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kutentha koyambitsa ndi gawo lofunikira la njira yokhudza mawonekedwe a kaboni. Jie Qiang ndi ena adaphunzira momwe kutentha kwa kaboni kumakhudzira magwiridwe antchito a kaboni woyatsidwa mu uvuni wa muffle ndipo adapeza kuti kuthamanga kochepa kumathandiza kukweza zokolola za zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni ndikupanga zinthu zapamwamba.
Njira yoyambitsira
Kuyika kaboni kungapangitse zinthu zopangira kupanga kapangidwe ka microcrystalline kofanana ndi graphite ndikupanga kapangidwe ka ma pore oyambira. Komabe, ma pore awa amasokonezeka kapena kutsekedwa ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo enaake azikhala ochepa ndipo amafunika kuyatsidwanso. Kuyatsa ndi njira yowonjezera kapangidwe ka ma pore a chinthu chopangidwa ndi kaboni, chomwe chimachitika makamaka kudzera mu reaction ya mankhwala pakati pa choyambitsa ndi zinthu zopangira: zimatha kulimbikitsa mapangidwe a kapangidwe ka ma microcrystalline otseguka.
Kutsegula kumachitika makamaka m'magawo atatu pakukulitsa ma pores a zinthuzo:
(1) Kutsegula ma pores otsekedwa oyamba (kudzera m'ma pores);
(2) Kukulitsa ma pores oyambirira (kukulitsa ma pores);
(3) Kupanga ma pores atsopano (kupanga ma pores);
Zotsatira zitatuzi sizimachitika zokha, koma zimachitika nthawi imodzi komanso mogwirizana. Kawirikawiri, kudzera m'mabowo ndi kupanga mapowo kumathandiza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mapowo, makamaka ma micropores, zomwe zimathandiza pokonzekera zinthu zokhala ndi mapowo okhala ndi mapowo ambiri komanso malo akuluakulu, pomwe kukula kwa mapowo mopitirira muyeso kungapangitse kuti mapowo agwirizane ndikulumikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma micropores akhale mapowo akuluakulu. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupeze zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kaboni yokhala ndi mapowo opangidwa ndi malo akuluakulu, ndikofunikira kupewa kuyambitsa kwambiri. Njira zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zoyambitsa kaboni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo njira ya mankhwala, njira ya thupi ndi njira ya fizikisi.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala imatanthauza njira yowonjezera ma reagents a mankhwala ku zinthu zopangira, kenako nkuwatenthetsa poika mpweya woteteza monga N2 ndi Ar mu uvuni wotenthetsera kuti ukhale ndi mpweya wa carbon ndikuwayatsa nthawi imodzi. Ma activator omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri nthawi zambiri ndi NaOH, KOH ndi H3P04. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ili ndi ubwino wa kutentha kochepa komanso kukolola kwakukulu, komanso ili ndi mavuto monga dzimbiri lalikulu, kuvutika kuchotsa ma reagents pamwamba ndi kuipitsa kwambiri chilengedwe.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito thupi
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya thupi imatanthauza kupanga mpweya wa carbon mu uvuni mwachindunji, kenako n’kuchitapo kanthu ndi mpweya monga CO2 ndi H20 womwe umayikidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu kuti ukwaniritse cholinga chowonjezera ma pores ndi kukulitsa ma pores, koma njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya thupi imakhala ndi kusalamulirika bwino kwa kapangidwe ka ma pores. Pakati pawo, CO2 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonzekera mpweya woyatsidwa chifukwa ndi woyera, wosavuta kupeza komanso wotsika mtengo. Gwiritsani ntchito chipolopolo cha kokonati choyatsidwa ndi mpweya ngati zinthu zopangira ndipo muyiyambitse ndi CO2 kuti mukonzekere mpweya woyatsidwa ndi ma micropores opangidwa, okhala ndi malo enaake ndi voliyumu yonse ya ma pores ya 1653m2·g-1 ndi 0.1045cm3·g-1, motsatana. Kugwira ntchito kwafika pamlingo wogwiritsidwa ntchito wa mpweya woyatsidwa wa ma capacitor awiri.
Yambitsani mwala wa loquat ndi CO2 kuti mukonze kaboni wochita kupangidwa mwamphamvu, mutatha kuiyambitsa pa 1100℃ kwa mphindi 30, malo enieni a pamwamba ndi kuchuluka kwa ma pore onse kunafika pa 3500m2·g-1 ndi 1.84cm3·g-1, motsatana. Gwiritsani ntchito CO2 kuti muyikenso kaboni wochita kupangidwa ndi chipolopolo cha kokonati. Mutatha kuiyambitsa, ma micropores a chinthu chomalizidwa anachepetsedwa, kuchuluka kwa micropores kunawonjezeka kuchoka pa 0.21 cm3·g-1 kufika pa 0.27 cm3·g-1, malo enieni a pamwamba anawonjezeka kuchoka pa 627.22 m2·g-1 kufika pa 822.71 m2·g-1, ndipo mphamvu ya phenol yothira madzi inawonjezeka ndi 23.77%.
Akatswiri ena aphunzira zinthu zazikulu zowongolera njira yoyendetsera CO2. Mohammad et al. [21] adapeza kuti kutentha ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa CO2 ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambitsa udzu wa rabara. Malo enieni a pamwamba, kuchuluka kwa ma pore ndi microporosity ya chinthu chomalizidwa poyamba zimawonjezeka kenako zimachepa ndi kutentha komwe kumawonjezeka. Cheng Song et al. [22] adagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyankhira pamwamba kuti afufuze njira yoyendetsera CO2 ya ma macadamia nut shells. Zotsatira zake zasonyeza kuti kutentha koyambitsa ndi nthawi yoyambitsa zimakhudza kwambiri pakukula kwa ma activated carbon micropores.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-27-2024