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Pepa iri rinoongorora musika wekabhoni inogadzirwa neactivated, rinoita ongororo yakadzama yezvinhu zvakagadziriswa neactivated carbon, rinozivisa nzira dzekutsanangura chimiro chepore, nzira dzekugadzira, zvinhu zvinopesvedzera uye kufambira mberi kwekushandiswa kweactivated carbon, uye rinoongorora mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa kwetekinoroji yekugadzirisa chimiro cheactivated carbon, nechinangwa chekusimudzira activated carbon kuti iite basa guru mukushandiswa kwetekinoroji yegreen nelow-carbon.
Kugadzirira kabhoni inoshandiswa
Kazhinji, kugadzirira kabhoni yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: carbonization uye activation
Maitiro ekugadzira carbonization
Kupisa marasha (carbonization) zvinoreva maitiro ekupisa marasha asina kubikwa pakupisa kwakanyanya pasi pekuchengetedzwa kwegasi risina simba kuti riparadze zvinhu zvaro zvinoshanduka uye kuwana zvigadzirwa zvepakati zvakasanganiswa nekabhoni. Kupisa kunogona kuzadzisa chinangwa chinotarisirwa nekugadzirisa ma process parameters. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti activation tembiricha ndiyo process parameter inokosha inokanganisa maitiro e carbonization. Jie Qiang nevamwe vake vakadzidza mhedzisiro ye carbonization heating rate pakushanda kwe activated carbon mu muffle furnace uye vakaona kuti low rate inobatsira kuvandudza goho rezvinhu zvakasanganiswa nekabhoni uye kugadzira zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa
Kuisa carbonization kunogona kuita kuti zvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvigadzire chimiro che microcrystalline chakafanana negraphite uye kugadzira chimiro che primary pore. Zvisinei, ma pores aya anokanganiswa kana kuvharwa uye anovharwa nezvimwe zvinhu, zvichikonzera nzvimbo diki chaiyo uye zvinoda kushanda zvakare. Kuisa carbonization inzira yekuwedzera kuwedzera chimiro chepore chechigadzirwa chakaiswa carbon, icho chinonyanya kuitwa kuburikidza nekuita kwemakemikari pakati pe activator nezvinhu zvakasvibiswa: zvinogona kukurudzira kuumbwa kwechimiro che microcrystalline chine pore.
Kushanda kunonyanya kupfuura nematanho matatu mukuita kuti zvinhu zviwedzere kusimbaradza:
(1) Kuvhura maburi ekutanga akavharwa (nekuburikidza nemaburi);
(2) Kuwedzera maburi ekutanga (kuwedzera maburi);
(3) Kugadzira maburi matsva (kugadzirwa kwemaburi);
Mhedzisiro iyi mitatu haiitwi yoga, asi inoitika panguva imwe chete uye pamwe chete. Kazhinji, kuburikidza nekuumbwa kwemaburi nekugadzira maburi zvinobatsira kuwedzera huwandu hwemaburi, kunyanya maburi madiki, izvo zvinobatsira pakugadzirira zvinhu zvine maburi ane maburi akawanda uye nzvimbo yakakura chaiyo, nepo kuwedzera maburi zvakanyanya kuchaita kuti maburi abatane uye abatane, zvichishandura maburi kuita maburi makuru. Nokudaro, kuti uwane zvinhu zvine maburi ane maburi akakura uye nzvimbo yakakura chaiyo, zvakakosha kudzivirira kuvhurwa kwakanyanya. Nzira dzinowanzo shandiswa dzekushanda kwekabhoni dzinoshandiswa dzinosanganisira nzira yemakemikari, nzira yemuviri uye nzira yefizikisi.
Nzira yekushandiswa kwemakemikari
Nzira yekushandiswa kwemakemikari inoreva nzira yekuwedzera ma reagents emakemikari kune zvinhu zvakagadziriswa, wozozvipisa nekuisa magasi anodzivirira akadai seN2 neAr muchoto chinodziya kuti aite kabhoni uye aite kabhoni panguva imwe chete. Ma activator anowanzo shandiswa anowanzova NaOH, KOH neH3P04. Nzira yekushandiswa kwemakemikari ine zvakanakira tembiricha shoma yekushanda uye goho guru, asi inewo matambudziko akadai sekuora kukuru, kuoma kubvisa ma reagents epamusoro uye kusvibiswa kwakakomba kwezvakatipoteredza.
Nzira yekusimbisa muviri
Nzira yekusimbisa muviri inoreva kuisa kabhoni muzvinhu zvakabikwa zvakananga muchoto, uye wobva waita magasi akadai seCO2 neH20 anounzwa pakupisa kwakanyanya kuti azadzise chinangwa chekuwedzera mapores nekuwedzera mapores, asi nzira yekusimbisa muviri haina simba rekudzora chimiro chepore. Pakati pawo, CO2 inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira kabhoni inogadziriswa nekuti yakachena, iri nyore kuwana uye inodhura zvishoma. Shandisa ganda rekokonati rakagadziriswa sezvinhu zvakabikwa uye woisimbisa neCO2 kugadzirira kabhoni inogadziriswa ine ma micropores akakura, ine nzvimbo chaiyo uye huwandu hwepore hwe1653m2·g-1 uye 0.1045cm3·g-1, zvichiteerana. Kushanda kwacho kwakasvika padanho rekushandiswa kwekabhoni inogadziriswa ye capacitors dzine mativi maviri.
Shandisa dombo re loquat neCO2 kugadzira kabhoni yakanyanya kushanda, mushure mekushanda pa1100℃ kwemaminitsi makumi matatu, nzvimbo chaiyo yepamusoro uye huwandu hwepore hwakasvika kusvika 3500m2·g-1 uye 1.84cm3·g-1, zvichiteerana. Shandisa CO2 kuita activation yechipiri pane commercial coconut shell activated carbon. Mushure mekushanda, ma micropores echigadzirwa chakapedzwa akaderedzwa, vhoriyamu ye micropore yakawedzera kubva pa 0.21 cm3·g-1 kusvika pa 0.27 cm3·g-1, nzvimbo chaiyo yepamusoro yakawedzera kubva pa 627.22 m2·g-1 kusvika pa 822.71 m2·g-1, uye kugona kwe adsorption kwe phenol kwakawedzerwa ne23.77%.
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzakadzidza zvinhu zvikuru zvinodzora mashandiro eCO2. Mohammad nevamwe [21] vakaona kuti tembiricha ndiyo inonyanya kukanganisa kana CO2 ikashandiswa kumutsa rabha sawdust. Nzvimbo chaiyo yekumusoro, huwandu hwemaburi uye microporosity yechigadzirwa chapera zvakatanga kuwedzera uye zvozodzikira nekupisa kuri kuwedzera. Cheng Song nevamwe [22] vakashandisa nzira yekupindura pamusoro pemvura kuti vaongorore mashandiro eCO2 emagoko embeu dzemacadamia. Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti tembiricha yekushanda nenguva yekushanda zvine simba guru pakukura kwema micropores ecarbon activated.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-27-2024