An samar da ƙarni na uku na semiconductors, waɗanda gallium nitride (GaN) da silicon carbide (SiC) suka wakilta, cikin sauri saboda kyawawan halayensu. Duk da haka, yadda ake auna sigogi da halayen waɗannan na'urori daidai domin amfani da ƙarfinsu da kuma inganta ingancinsu da amincinsu yana buƙatar kayan aiki masu inganci da hanyoyin ƙwararru.
Sabbin kayan da aka samar da gap mai faɗi (WBG) waɗanda silicon carbide (SiC) da gallium nitride (GaN) ke wakilta suna ƙara zama ruwan dare. A fannin lantarki, waɗannan abubuwan sun fi kusa da insulators fiye da silicon da sauran kayan semiconductor na yau da kullun. An tsara waɗannan abubuwa don shawo kan iyakokin silicon saboda ƙaramin gap ne na band kuma saboda haka yana haifar da ƙarancin zubewar wutar lantarki, wanda ke ƙara bayyana yayin da zafin jiki, ƙarfin lantarki ko mita ke ƙaruwa. Iyakar da ke tattare da wannan zubewar ita ce ikon sarrafawa mara tsari, daidai da gazawar aikin semiconductor.
Daga cikin waɗannan kayan aiki guda biyu masu faɗi, GaN ya fi dacewa da tsarin aiwatar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi da matsakaici, kusan 1 kV da ƙasa da 100 A. Wani muhimmin yanki na ci gaba ga GaN shine amfani da shi a cikin hasken LED, amma kuma yana ƙaruwa a wasu amfani masu ƙarancin ƙarfi kamar sadarwa ta mota da RF. Sabanin haka, fasahar da ke kewaye da SiC sun fi GaN ci gaba kuma sun fi dacewa da manyan aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki kamar inverters na jan hankalin motocin lantarki, watsa wutar lantarki, manyan kayan aikin HVAC, da tsarin masana'antu.
Na'urorin SiC suna da ikon yin aiki a mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki, mafi girman mitoci na canzawa, da kuma yanayin zafi fiye da Si MOSFETs. A ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi, SiC yana da mafi girman aiki, inganci, yawan wutar lantarki da aminci. Waɗannan fa'idodi suna taimaka wa masu ƙira su rage girman, nauyi da farashin masu sauya wutar lantarki don sa su zama masu gasa, musamman a cikin sassan kasuwa masu riba kamar jiragen sama, motocin soja da na lantarki.
SiC MOSFETs suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka na'urorin canza wutar lantarki na zamani saboda ikonsu na cimma ingantaccen amfani da makamashi a cikin ƙira bisa ga ƙananan sassa. Wannan canjin yana kuma buƙatar injiniyoyi su sake duba wasu dabarun ƙira da gwaji da aka saba amfani da su don ƙirƙirar na'urorin lantarki masu amfani da wutar lantarki.
Bukatar yin gwaji mai tsauri na ƙaruwa
Domin a fahimci cikakken ƙarfin na'urorin SiC da GaN, ana buƙatar ma'auni daidai yayin aikin sauyawa don inganta inganci da aminci. Tsarin gwaji don na'urorin semiconductor na SiC da GaN dole ne su yi la'akari da yawan mitoci da ƙarfin lantarki na waɗannan na'urori.
Ci gaban kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, kamar janareto masu aiki ba bisa ƙa'ida ba (AFGs), oscilloscopes, kayan aikin na'urar auna tushe (SMU), da masu nazarin sigogi, yana taimaka wa injiniyoyin ƙirar wutar lantarki su sami sakamako mai ƙarfi da sauri. Wannan haɓaka kayan aiki yana taimaka musu su jure ƙalubalen yau da kullun. "Rage asarar sauyawa ya kasance babban ƙalubale ga injiniyoyin kayan aikin wutar lantarki," in ji Jonathan Tucker, shugaban Tallace-tallacen Wutar Lantarki a Teck/Gishili. Dole ne a auna waɗannan ƙira sosai don tabbatar da daidaito. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan dabarun aunawa ana kiransa gwajin bugun jini sau biyu (DPT), wanda shine hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita don auna sigogin sauyawa na MOSFETs ko na'urorin wutar lantarki na IGBT.
Tsarin yin gwajin bugun zuciya na SiC semiconductor mai lamba biyu ya haɗa da: janareta mai aiki don tuƙi grid na MOSFET; Oscilloscope da software na nazari don auna VDS da ID. Baya ga gwajin bugun jini biyu, wato, ban da gwajin matakin da'ira, akwai gwajin matakin abu, gwajin matakin sassa da gwajin matakin tsarin. Sabbin abubuwa a cikin kayan aikin gwaji sun ba injiniyoyin ƙira a duk matakai na zagayowar rayuwa damar yin aiki don samar da na'urorin canza wutar lantarki waɗanda za su iya biyan buƙatun ƙira masu tsauri cikin farashi mai inganci.
Kasancewar an shirya bayar da takardar shaidar kayan aiki don mayar da martani ga sauye-sauyen dokoki da sabbin buƙatun fasaha ga kayan aikin da ake amfani da su a ƙarshe, tun daga samar da wutar lantarki zuwa motocin lantarki, yana ba wa kamfanonin da ke aiki a kan na'urorin lantarki damar mai da hankali kan sabbin abubuwa masu daraja da kuma shimfida harsashin ci gaba a nan gaba.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-27-2023