Nā kumu no ka electrolysis koʻokoʻo graphite

Nā kumu no ka electrolysis koʻokoʻo graphite

Nā kūlana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kelepona electrolytic: lako mana DC. (1) lako mana DC. (2) ʻElua mau electrodes. ʻElua mau electrodes i hoʻopili ʻia i ka pou maikaʻi o ka lako mana. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka electrode maikaʻi i hoʻopili ʻia me ka pou maikaʻi o ka lako mana ua kapa ʻia ʻo anode, a ʻo ka electrode i hoʻopili ʻia me ka pou maikaʻi ʻole o ka lako mana ua kapa ʻia ʻo cathode. (3) Hoʻonā electrolyte a i ʻole electrolyte hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.ʻElektrolitaka hopena a i ʻole ka hopena 4, ʻelua mau electrodes a me ka hopena electrode, anode (pili i ka pou maikaʻi o ka lako mana): ka hopena oxidation anode (pili i ka pou maikaʻi o ka lako mana): ka hopena oxidation cathode (pili i ka pou maikaʻi ʻole o ka lako mana): ka hopena hōʻemi cathode (pili i ka pou maikaʻi ʻole o ka lako mana): ka hopena hōʻemi (pili i ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole): ka hui hōʻemi 1: electrolysis hui 1: electrolysis o CuCl2 anode cathode chlorine.
     GraphiteHe kristal kalapona. He mea ʻole ia he metala me ke kala hina kālā, palupalu a me ka luster metala. ʻO ka paʻakikī Mohs he 1-2, ʻo ke kaumaha kikoʻī he 2.2-2.3, a ʻo kona nui nui he 1.5-1.8 ma ke ʻano laulā.
Hoʻomaka ka palupalu o ke kiko heheʻe o ka graphite i ka wā e hiki ai i ka 3000 ℃ i loko o ka vacuum a hoʻoheheʻe pinepine ʻia. Ke hiki i ka 3600 ℃, hoʻomaka ka graphite e mahu a hoʻohaʻahaʻa. E emi mālie ana ka ikaika o nā mea maʻamau i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka ikaika o ka graphite he pālua ia ma ka mahana o ka lumi ke hoʻomehana ʻia i 2000 ℃. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa oxidation o ka graphite, a piʻi mālie ka wikiwiki o ka oxidation me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana.
ʻO kaka hoʻokele welaa me ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka graphite he kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona alakaʻi ʻana ma mua o ke kila kila, ʻelua manawa ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kila kalapona a he 100 manawa ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kila ʻole maʻamau. ʻAʻole wale kona alakaʻi wela ma mua o nā mea metala e like me ke kila, ka hao a me ke kēpau, akā e emi ana hoʻi me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, kahi ʻokoʻa mai nā mea metala maʻamau. Loaʻa i ka graphite ke adiabatic i nā mahana like ʻole. No laila, hilinaʻi loa ka hana insulation thermal o ka graphite i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe.
He maikaʻi ka lubricity a me ka plasticity o ka Graphite. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke coefficient friction o ka graphite ma mua o 0.1. Hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻia ka Graphite i nā pepa hanu a moakaka. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka graphite ikaika kiʻekiʻe a paʻakikī ke hana me nā mea hana daimana.
Loaʻa i ka Graphite ke kūpaʻa kemika, ka waikawa a meke kū'ē'ē alkalia me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe organik. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waiwai maikaʻi loa i luna, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka ʻoihana hou.