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Leli phepha lihlaziya imakethe yamanje yekhabhoni esebenzayo, lenza ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zekhabhoni esebenzayo, lethula izindlela zokuchaza isakhiwo se-pore, izindlela zokukhiqiza, izici ezithonyayo kanye nenqubekela phambili yokusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni esebenzayo, futhi libukeze imiphumela yocwaningo lobuchwepheshe bokwenza ngcono isakhiwo se-pore yekhabhoni esebenzayo, okuhlose ukukhuthaza ikhabhoni esebenzayo ukuthi idlale indima enkulu ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza kanye nobuchwepheshe obuphansi bekhabhoni.
Ukulungiswa kwekhabhoni esebenzayo
Ngokuvamile, ukulungiswa kwekhabhoni esebenzayo kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ukwenziwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokwenza kusebenze.
Inqubo yokwenza i-carbonization ibe yingozi
Ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization kubhekisela enkambisweni yokushisa amalahle aluhlaza ekushiseni okuphezulu ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwegesi engasebenzi ukuze kubole izinto zayo eziguquguqukayo futhi kutholakale imikhiqizo ephakathi kwe-carbonized. Ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization kungafeza umgomo olindelekile ngokulungisa amapharamitha enqubo. Izifundo zibonise ukuthi izinga lokushisa lokusebenza liyipharamitha yenqubo ebalulekile ethinta izakhiwo ze-carbonization. UJie Qiang nabanye bafunde umphumela wezinga lokushisa le-carbonization ekusebenzeni kwe-carbon esebenzayo esithandweni se-muffle futhi bathola ukuthi izinga eliphansi lisiza ukuthuthukisa isivuno sezinto ze-carbonized futhi likhiqize izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu.
Inqubo yokwenza kusebenze
Ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization kungenza izinto zokusetshenziswa zakhe isakhiwo se-microcrystalline esifana ne-graphite futhi kukhiqize isakhiwo se-pore eyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, la ma-pore ayaphazamiseka noma avinjwe futhi avalwe ezinye izinto, okuholela endaweni encane ethile futhi kudingeke ukuthi kusebenze okwengeziwe. Ukwenziwa kwe-activation inqubo yokucebisa isakhiwo se-pore somkhiqizo ofakwe i-carbon, okwenziwa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-activator kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa: kungakhuthaza ukwakheka kwesakhiwo se-microcrystalline esinezimbobo.
Ukusebenza kudlula kakhulu ezigabeni ezintathu enkambisweni yokucebisa ama-pores ezinto ezibonakalayo:
(1) Ukuvula ama-pores avaliwe okuqala (ngama-pores);
(2) Ukwandisa ama-pores okuqala (ukwanda kwama-pores);
(3) Ukwakha ama-pores amasha (ukudalwa kwama-pore);
Le miphumela emithathu ayikwenziwa yodwa, kodwa yenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa nangokusebenzisana. Ngokuvamile, ngokusebenzisa ama-pores kanye nokudalwa kwama-pore kuyasiza ekwandiseni inani lama-pores, ikakhulukazi ama-micropores, okuzuzisa ekulungiseleleni izinto ezinezimbobo ezinezimbobo eziningi kanye nendawo enkulu yobuso, kuyilapho ukwanda kwama-pore ngokweqile kuzokwenza ama-pores ahlangane futhi axhumane, kuguqulwe ama-micropores abe ama-pore amakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kutholakale izinto ze-activated carbon ezinezimbobo ezithuthukisiwe kanye nendawo enkulu yobuso, kubalulekile ukugwema ukusebenza ngokweqile. Izindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokwenza i-activated carbon zifaka phakathi indlela yamakhemikhali, indlela yemvelo kanye nendlela ye-physicochemical.
Indlela yokusebenzisa amakhemikhali
Indlela yokusebenzisa amakhemikhali ibhekisela endleleni yokufaka ama-reagent amakhemikhali ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, bese uwafudumeza ngokungenisa amagesi avikelayo njenge-N2 ne-Ar esithandweni sokushisa ukuze asebenze futhi asebenze ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ama-activator asetshenziswa kakhulu ngokuvamile yi-NaOH, i-KOH kanye ne-H3P04. Indlela yokusebenzisa amakhemikhali inezinzuzo zokushisa okuphansi kokusebenza kanye nesivuno esiphezulu, kodwa futhi inezinkinga ezifana nokugqwala okukhulu, ubunzima bokususa ama-reagents angaphezulu kanye nokungcola okukhulu kwemvelo.
Indlela yokwenza kusebenze ngokomzimba
Indlela yokusebenza ngokomzimba ibhekisela ekwenzeni izinto zokusetshenziswa zibe yi-carbon ngqo esithandweni, bese kusabela namagesi afana ne-CO2 ne-H20 afakwe ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze kufezwe injongo yokwandisa ama-pores nokwandisa ama-pores, kodwa indlela yokusebenza ngokomzimba ayinakho ukulawula okuhle kwesakhiwo se-pore. Phakathi kwawo, i-CO2 isetshenziswa kabanzi ekulungiseleleni i-activated carbon ngoba ihlanzekile, kulula ukuyithola futhi ishibhile. Sebenzisa igobolondo likakhukhunathi elifakwe i-carbon njengezinto zokusetshenziswa bese ulisebenzisa ne-CO2 ukuze ulungiselele i-activated carbon ngama-micropores athuthukile, anendawo ethile yobuso kanye nevolumu ephelele ye-pore engu-1653m2·g-1 kanye no-0.1045cm3·g-1, ngokulandelana. Ukusebenza kufinyelele ezingeni lokusetshenziswa kwe-activated carbon kuma-capacitor anezingqimba ezimbili.
Sebenzisa itshe le-loquat nge-CO2 ukuze ulungiselele ikhabhoni esebenza kakhulu, ngemva kokusebenza ku-1100℃ imizuzu engama-30, indawo ethile yobuso kanye nevolumu yenani lembobo ifinyelele ku-3500m2·g-1 kanye no-1.84cm3·g-1, ngokulandelana. Sebenzisa i-CO2 ukuze wenze ukusebenza kwesibili kukhabhoni esebenza ngegobolondo likakhukhunathi. Ngemva kokusebenza, ama-micropores omkhiqizo oqediwe ancishisiwe, ivolumu ye-micropores yanda kusuka ku-0.21 cm3·g-1 kuya ku-0.27 cm3·g-1, indawo ethile yobuso yanda kusuka ku-627.22 m2·g-1 kuya ku-822.71 m2·g-1, kanye nekhono lokumunca le-phenol landa ngo-23.77%.
Ezinye izazi ziye zafunda izici eziyinhloko zokulawula zenqubo yokwenza i-CO2 isebenze. UMohammad nabanye [21] bathole ukuthi izinga lokushisa liyisici esiyinhloko esithonyayo lapho i-CO2 isetshenziswa ukwenza i-sawdust yerabha isebenze. Indawo ethile yobuso, ivolumu yembobo kanye ne-microporosity yomkhiqizo oqediwe kuqala kwanda kwabe sekwehla ngokushisa okwandayo. UCheng Song nabanye [22] basebenzise indlela yokuphendula ubuso ukuze bahlaziye inqubo yokwenza i-CO2 isebenze yamagobolondo e-macadamia nut. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi izinga lokushisa lokwenza i-CO2 isebenze kanye nesikhathi sokwenza i-CO2 isebenze kahle kunethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwama-micropores e-carbon asebenzayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-27-2024