Isikebhe se-quartz, njengengxenye yensimbi enembayo eyenziwe ngezinto zequartz ezihlanzeke kakhulu, idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi efana nokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor, imboni ye-optoelectronics, ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba namakhemikhali ziyinikeza inhlobonhlobo yezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nendima engenakuthathelwa indawo.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesikebhe se-quartz ukuhlinzeka ngesiteji esizinzile, esimelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nesiteji noma isiqukathi esizinzile samakhemikhali sokuphatha nokuvikela izinto noma amasampula asebenza endaweni yokushisa ephezulu noma ezindaweni ezigqwalile.
1. Ukukhiqizwa kweSemiconductor:Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-semiconductor, izikebhe ze-quartz zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthwala ama-wafer e-silicon ukuze asakaze, i-oxidation, i-annealing kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ukumelana kwayo nokushisa okuphezulu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-wafers e-silicon ngeke angcoliswe noma akhubazeke endaweni yokushisa ephezulu, ngaleyo ndlela aqinisekise ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwamadivayisi we-semiconductor.
2. Imboni ye-Optoelectronics:Izikebhe ze-quartz nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amadivaysi e-optoelectronic. Zingasetshenziswa njengabathwali kunqubo yokudweba i-fiber optical ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-fiber optical igcina umumo nosayizi ozinzile ngesikhathi senqubo yokudweba izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izikebhe ze-quartz zingasetshenziswa futhi ekukhiqizeni ama-chips e-LED ukunikeza indawo yokukhula ezinzile yama-chips.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali:Emkhakheni wokuhlaziya amakhemikhali, izikebhe ze-quartz zivame ukusetshenziswa njengeziqukathi zokuhlolwa kokugaya okunokushisa okuphezulu. Angamelana nokuguguleka kwama-reagents amakhemikhali abolayo njengama-asidi aqinile nama-alkali, aqinisekise ukuthi isampula ngeke lingcoliswe noma ilahleke phakathi nenqubo yokugaya. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukudluliswa kokukhanya kwesikebhe se-quartz kuvumela abahloli ukuthi baqaphe futhi bahlaziye isampula ngesikhathi sangempela ngokuhlaziywa kwe-spectral nezinye izindlela.
4. Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu:Endaweni yokuhlola izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, isikebhe se-quartz sisebenza kahle. Ingasetshenziswa njengesibambi sesampula noma isiqukathi sokusabela ukwenza izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene zesayensi yemvelo, yamakhemikhali noma yezinto ezibonakalayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphezulu. Ukumelana kwayo okuhle kakhulu nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali kwenza imiphumela yokuhlola inembe kakhulu futhi ithembeke.
Ngokufigqiwe,isikebhe se-quartzidlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi efana nokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor, imboni ye-optoelectronics, ukuhlaziya amakhemikhali kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ngezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba namakhemikhali. Ayinikezi kuphela inkundla ezinzile nethembekile noma isiqukathi sokuhlolwa nokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza izikebhe ze-quartz nokukhetha impahla eluhlaza
Inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nokukhethwa kwempahla eluhlaza yesikebhe se-quartz kuhlobene ngokuqondile nekhwalithi nokusebenza komkhiqizo.
Okokuqala, ukukhethwa izinto zokusetshenziswa forizikebhe ze-quartzkubalulekile. Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zezikebhe ze-quartz yi-high-purity quartz sand noma izinduku ze-quartz. I-High-purity quartz inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ezifana nokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphezulu kanye ne-coefficient ephansi yokwandisa, futhi iyinto efanelekile yokwenza izikebhe ze-quartz. Lapho ukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa, izici ezinjengobumsulwa, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana kanye nesakhiwo sekristalu se-quartz kufanele sinakwe. I-quartz ehlanzekile kakhulu inganciphisa umthelela wokungcola ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo, izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinosayizi ofanayo wezinhlayiyana zokusabalalisa zihambisana nokufana nokuzinza ngesikhathi sokucubungula, futhi isakhiwo esihle se-crystal singathuthukisa amandla nokumelana nokushisa kwezikebhe ze-quartz.
Okwesibili, inqubo yokukhiqiza isikebhe se-quartz iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ithambile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, izinto zokusetshenziswa zidinga ukuthi zidlule ochungechungeni lwezinyathelo zokucubungula, okuhlanganisa ukuchotshozwa, ukuhlungwa, ukuhlanzwa, ukuncibilika, ukubumba kanye nokufakwa kwe-annealing. Izinyathelo zokuchotshozwa nokuhlola zisetshenziselwa ukucubungula izinto ezingavuthiwe zibe usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezifanele ukucubungula okulandelayo; isinyathelo sokuhlanza sisusa ukungcola ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ngamakhemikhali noma izindlela zomzimba zokuthuthukisa ukuhlanzeka kwe-quartz; isinyathelo sokuncibilika ukuncibilikisa i-quartz ehlanzekile ibe uketshezi ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze kube lula ukubumba; isinyathelo sokubumba ukujova i-quartz encibilikisiwe esikhunjeni, futhi ngemva kokupholisa, yakha isikebhe se-quartz somumo oyifunayo; isinyathelo se-annealing ukuqeda ukucindezeleka okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokubumba nokuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokuqina kwesikebhe se-quartz.
Enkambweni yokukhiqiza, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa nesikhathi. Izinga lokushisa kanye nemingcele yesikhathi kwinqubo yokuncibilika kanye ne-annealing inethonya elibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesikebhe se-quartz. Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu noma isikhathi eside kungabangela ukwakheka kwekristalu yesikebhe se-quartz, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukumelana nokushisa kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa nesikhathi kufanele kulawulwe ngokunembile phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukusebenza kwesikebhe se-quartz kuhlangabezana nemfuneko elindelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwesikebhe se-quartz nakho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukwelashwa kwendawo kuhlanganisa ukucwebezela, ukuhlanza kanye nezinyathelo zokumboza, okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa ukushelela, ukuhlanzeka nokumelana nokugqoka kwesikebhe se-quartz. Isinyathelo sokupholisha singasusa amaphutha amancane ebusweni besikebhe se-quartz futhi sithuthukise izici zayo zokukhanya; isinyathelo sokuhlanza ukukhipha amafutha nokungcola okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanzeka kwesikebhe se-quartz; isinyathelo sokugqoka singakha ifilimu yokuzivikela ebusweni besikebhe se-quartz ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqoka kwayo kanye nempilo yesevisi.
Kafushane, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nokukhethwa kwempahla eluhlaza yezikebhe ze-quartz yizici ezibalulekile ezithinta ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwazo. Kuphela ngokuhlanganisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-quartz ezihlanzekile kakhulu nezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho kungakhiqizwa isikebhe se-quartz esisebenza kahle kakhulu. I-VET Energy igxile ezicini ezinjengobumsulwa, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana, kanye nesakhiwo sekristalu sezinto ezingavuthiwe, kuyilapho ilawula ngokunembile izinga lokushisa nesikhathi enqubweni yokukhiqiza futhi igxile eqophelweni lokwelashwa okungaphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukusebenza kwesikebhe se-quartz kuhlangabezana nezidingo ezilindelekile futhi kunikeze amathuluzi anokwethenjelwa kakhudlwana kumalabhorethri nezinkambu zezimboni.
Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ze-optical kanye nokumelana ne-asidi
Okokuqala, izindawo ezinhle kakhulu ze-opticalisikebhe se-quartzzingenye yezici zabo eziphawulekayo. I-Quartz, njengeminerali edlulisa ukukhanya kakhulu, inezinhlobonhlobo zokudlulisa ukukhanya, kusukela ekukhanyeni oku-ultraviolet kuya ekukhanyeni kwe-infrared. Lesi sici sinikeza izikebhe ze-quartz inzuzo eyingqayizivele ekuhlolweni kokubona. Ekuhlolweni okunembayo okuphezulu okufana nokusika i-laser, i-optical coating, nokuhlaziywa kwe-spectral, izikebhe ze-quartz zingagcina ukusakazeka komugqa oqondile wokukhanya futhi zinciphise ukulahlekelwa, ziqinisekise ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlola. Ukwengeza, izici ze-optical zezikebhe ze-quartz nazo zibonakala ku-coefficient yazo yokwandisa ukushisa okuphansi, okusho ukuthi izikebhe ze-quartz azikhubazeki kalula emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela zigcina ukuzinza nokunemba kwezingxenye ze-optical.
Okwesibili, ukumelana ne-asidi kwezikebhe ze-quartz kungenye into evelele. Izinto ze-quartz zinokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kuma-asidi amaningi, kufaka phakathi ama-asidi aqinile njenge-sulfuric acid ne-hydrochloric acid. Lesi sici senza ukusetshenziswa kwezikebhe ze-quartz ezindaweni ezine-acidic kugqame kakhulu. Emkhakheni wokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor, imboni ye-photovoltaic kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, izixazululo ze-asidi zivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni, ekufakeni nasekuphenduleni izinqubo zezinto zokwakha. Ukumelana ne-asidi yezikebhe ze-quartz kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuqotho nokuzinza kwesakhiwo kungagcinwa phakathi nalezi zinqubo, ukugwema ukuwohloka kokusebenza noma ukwehluleka ngenxa yokugqwala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana ne-asidi yezikebhe ze-quartz kubuye kuzenze ziphephe nakakhulu lapho ziphethe imfucuza eyingozi kanye nokungcola, kunciphisa ingozi yokungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ze-optical kanye nokumelana ne-asidi yezikebhe ze-quartz zitholakala ezintweni zazo eziyingqayizivele kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo. Isakhiwo sekristalu se-quartz ehlanzekile kakhulu sizinzile futhi asinakho ukungcola namaphutha, ngaleyo ndlela siqinisekisa izakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu ze-optical kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Ngasikhathi sinye, izikebhe ze-quartz zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obunembile kanye namazinga aqinile okulawula ikhwalithi phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwazo kobukhulu kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo, kuqhubeke nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwazo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-04-2025