I. Uruhare rw'ingenzi rw'amasahani ya Graphite Bipolar mu kwiyongera kw'inganda
Bitewe n'intego za "karubone ebyiri" n'iterambere ryihuse ry'ubukungu bwa hydrogen, uturemangingo twa lisansi (cyane cyane uturemangingo twa lisansi twa PEM) turimo guhinduka kuva mu cyiciro cyo kwerekana tujya mu ikoreshwa rinini. Kuva ku modoka zitwara abagenzi kugeza kuri sisitemu zitanga amashanyarazi, imikorere myiza ya sisitemu, igihe cyo kubaho, n'ikiguzi cya sisitemu za lisansi biri kuba ibimenyetso by'ingenzi by'ipiganwa mu nganda.
Muri ubu buryo, plaque ya graphite bipolar si "igice cy'inyongera" gusa, ahubwo ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigena imikorere y'agace k'ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko plaque za bipolar zigira hafi 60-80% by'uburemere na 40-50% by'igiciro cy'agace k'ibikomoka kuri peteroli; imiterere yabyo n'uburyo bitoranywamo ibikoresho bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bucucike bw'ingufu za sisitemu, kuramba kwayo, n'ikiguzi cyo kuyikora.
Mu buryo bw'imikorere, plaque za grafiti bipolar zigera ku buryo buhamye kandi buhoraho bwo gukora electrochemical ya selile za lisansi binyuze mu guhuza cyane imirimo myinshi—harimo “conduction y’amashanyarazi, ikwirakwizwa rya gaze, imicungire y’ubushyuhe, n’inkunga y’imiterere”—bituma ziba “igice cy’ingenzi cy’ingenzi cy’ubuhanga mu guhuza fiziki nyinshi” muri stack.
II. Uruhare n'amahame ngenderwaho y'imikorere ya Graphite Bipolar Plates mu turemangingo twa lisansi
Mu ngirabuzimafatizo isanzwe ya porotoni yo guhinduza imiterere y’ibinyabutabire (PEMFC), plaque za grafiti bipolar ziba ku mpande zombi z’ihuriro rya electrode ya membrane (MEA), zihuza imikorere y’uturemangingo twa lisansi duhujwe n’uruhererekane binyuze mu miterere yatwo ifite impande ebyiri.
Ihame ry'imikorere yaryo rishobora kumvikana binyuze mu nzira enye zikurikira zihujwe:
Ubwa mbere ni uburyo bwo gukusanya no kuyobora ubu buryo. Mu gihe cy'ikorwa ry'uturemangingo twa lisansi, hydrogen itakaza electron kuri anode, kandi izi electron zisohoka nk'imbaraga zinyuze mu ruziga rwo hanze. Igipande cy'amashanyarazi cya bipolar gishinzwe kuyobora electron kuva ku turemangingo tujya ku tundi. Uburyo bwo gutwara amashanyarazi bwa grafiti bushobora kugera kuri 10⁴ S/cm, bigabanya cyane igihombo cya ohmic bityo bikanoza imikorere myiza ya sisitemu.
Icya kabiri ni uburyo bwo gutwara no kugenzura umuvuduko w’amazi. Ubuso bw’aho amazi anyura bukozwe hakoreshejwe imiyoboro y’amazi inyura neza kugira ngo bukwirakwize hydrogen n’umwuka mu buryo bumwe kandi bukuremo amazi aturuka kuri iyo miyoboro. Iyi gahunda ni ikibazo cyo kugenzura umuvuduko w’amazi unyura mu byiciro bibiri, kandi imiterere yayo igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku muvuduko w’amazi menshi no ku kudahinduka kw’imikorere ya bateri.
Icya gatatu ni uburyo bwo gucunga ubushyuhe. Utunyangingo twa lisansi dukora ubushyuhe mu gihe cy'imikorere; niba ubu bushyuhe budashobora gukurwaho neza, bizatuma habaho ahantu hashyuha kandi byihutishe gusaza kwa electrode ya membrane. Uburyo bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwa graphite butuma ikwirakwiza ubushyuhe mu buryo bwihuse kandi bungana mu buryo bumwe, bityo igakomeza kugira ubushyuhe buhamye mu gice cy'inyuma.
Amaherezo, hari uburyo bwo gufunga no kwitandukanya. Binyuze mu miterere y'imiterere n'uburyo bwo gufunga buhuriweho, icyuma gifunga ibintu bihindagurika gitanga uburenganzira bwo gutandukanya hydrogen na ogisijeni neza, bikarinda kwanduzwa n'umwuka. Ibi ntibigira ingaruka gusa ku mikorere myiza ahubwo binagira ingaruka ku mutekano w'imikorere y'icyuma.
Muri make, ihame ry’imikorere ya graphite bipolar plates si igikorwa kimwe gifatika, ahubwo ni umusaruro w’imikoranire y’uburyo butandukanye bw’isi ihuriweho n’ibice byinshi irimo amashanyarazi, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko w’amazi n’imiterere y’ibintu.
III. Impamvu yo Guhitamo Graphite: Isesengura ry'Imiterere y'Ibintu by'ingenzi
Graphite yahindutse ibikoresho bya bipolar plate bikoreshwa cyane, haba mu mateka ndetse no muri iki gihe, bitewe n'inyungu zayo mu buryo bwuzuye mu bipimo byinshi by'ingenzi by'imikorere.
Ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'amashanyarazi, grafiti igaragaza ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi neza cyane; imiterere yayo y'ibice binini itanga inzira ihoraho yo gutwara electron, bigatuma iba ibikoresho byiza byo guhuza n'ibipimo bya tekiniki bya DOE (ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi > 100 S / cm).
Mu bijyanye no kudahinduka kw'ibinyabutabire, grafiti igaragaza ubudahangarwa budasanzwe bwo kwangirika. Mu bidukikije bifite aside n'ubushobozi bwinshi bwo kwangiza ibyuma, ibikoresho by'icyuma akenshi birangirika bigakora ibice byo kudahinduka, bityo byongera ubudahangarwa bwo kwangirika. Mu buryo bunyuranye, grafiti ifite ubushobozi bwo kudahinduka kw'ibinyabutabire, bigatuma ikora neza igihe kirekire.
Ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'ubushyuhe, grafiti ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi, bufasha kugera ku gukwirakwira k'ubushyuhe mu gice kimwe kandi bukarinda kwangirika kwa electrode y'urukiramende bitewe no gushyuha cyane.
Byongeye kandi, grafiti itanga imiterere myiza yo kubuza gazi (ishobora kongerwamo imbaraga binyuze mu gutera umwuka), ikarinda neza imyuka ya hydrogen na ogisijeni kwinjira no kwemeza ko sisitemu ikora neza.
Ariko, mu rwego rw'ubuhanga, grafiti ifite imbogamizi zikomeye. Urugero, irapfa cyane, iragoye kuyitunganya, kandi akenshi ikenera ubugari bwa milimetero nyinshi (> 2-5 mm), ibi bikaba bibangamira imbaraga zo kugera ku miterere yoroheje kandi ifite imbaraga nyinshi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, grafiti ivanze n'ibindi bikoresho byagiye biba icyibandwaho mu bushakashatsi mu myaka ya vuba aha.
IV. Icyerekezo cy'inganda n'icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Uko ubucuruzi bw’uturemangingo tw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli bwihuta, ikoranabuhanga rya bipolar plate ririmo gutera imbere cyane, aho iterambere ryaryo rigaragara ko riterwa n’iterambere ry’ibikoresho n’inganda.
Ku ruhande rumwe, mu modoka zitwara abagenzi no mu buryo bukoresha ingufu nyinshi, inganda zigenda zihinduka buhoro buhoro ziva ku bikoresho gakondo bya grafiti bipolar plates zijya ku bikoresho by'icyuma bipolar plates (nk'ibyuma bitarangirika na titaniyumu). Ibi bikoresho bishobora kugera ku bugari bwa milimetero nto, kandi uburyo bwo gusiga stamp bugabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gukora, bityo bigahura n'ibikenewe mu gukora ibintu byinshi.
Ku rundi ruhande, plaque za graphite composite bipolar plates zigaragara nk'igisubizo cy'ingenzi cy'impinduka. Mu gushyiramo ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi nka resins na nanotubes za karuboni, ibi bikoresho bishobora kugumana amashanyarazi menshi no kurwanya ingese mu gihe binongera imbaraga za mekanike no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gutunganya.
Muri icyo gihe, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu nganda (nk'inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro) ririmo gutuma imiterere y'imiyoboro y'amazi ya bipolar plate irushaho kuba ingenzi kandi ikora neza, bityo bikongera imikorere rusange n'uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu neza mu turemangingo twa lisansi.
Mu gihe kirekire, plaque za grafiti bipolar zizakomeza kuba nziza mu nzego zikurikira:
● Sisitemu zo gutanga amashanyarazi zihoraho (aho ikiguzi n'igihe cyo kuzikoresha ari ibintu by'ingenzi)
● Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nke kugeza ku ziciriritse
● Sisitemu z'amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa alkaline cyangwa imiterere yihariye y'imikorere
Nk'umucuruzi ukomeye w'Abashinwa akaba n'umucuruzi w'ibikoreshoibyuma bya graphite bipolar, Ningbo VET Energy yakoze ibyuma bipima ubushyuhe bya grafiti bigezweho kuri PEMFCs bihendutse, bitwara neza cyane, kandi bikomeye mu buryo bwa mekanike. VET Energy inatanga ibikoresho bya grafiti bitwikiriwe na resin kugira ngo bigere ku buryo gaze itabasha kwinjiramo no gukomera cyane, mu gihe igumana ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi n'ubushyuhe bwa grafiti.
Ikirenzeho,VET EnergyIshyigikira ibisabwa mu gushushanya plaque ya graphite bipolar. Dushobora gukoresha impande zombi z'plaque kugira ngo dukore imiyoboro y'amazi, dukore uruhande rumwe gusa, cyangwa dutange plaque zidafite imashini. plaque zose za graphite zishobora gutunganywa hakurikijwe ibisobanuro byawe birambuye. Dutegereje ibindi bibazo byawe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 10 Mata 2026