Mu 2019, ubwumvikane buke mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga bwarakomeje, kandi ubukungu bw'isi bwarahindutse cyane. Muri urwo rwego rw'ibidukikije, iterambere ry'inganda zikora aluminiyumu mu gihugu naryo ryarahindutse. Inganda zikora inganda zikora aluminiyumu zo mu rwego rwo hejuru n'izo mu rwego rwo hasi zatangiye guhomba, kandi ibibazo byazo byagiye bimenyekana buhoro buhoro.
Ubwa mbere, inganda zifite ubushobozi burenze urugero, kandi ibyo zitanga birenga ibyo zikeneye
Mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ubushobozi burenze urugero, nubwo leta nayo yahinduye ku bushake inganda za aluminiyumu zikoresha amashanyarazi, igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ubushobozi kiracyarenze ibyo zari ziteganijwe. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2019, bitewe n’ingaruka zo kurengera ibidukikije n’imiterere y’isoko, igipimo cy’imikorere y’ibigo muri Henan cyari hasi cyane. Ibigo byigenga mu turere tw’amajyaruguru y’uburengerazuba n’iburasirazuba bw’Ubushinwa byatangiye kuvugurura ku rugero rutandukanye. Nubwo ubushobozi bushya bwarekuwe, umusaruro wose w’inganda wakomeje kuba mwinshi kandi wari mu bushobozi burenze urugero. Dukurikije imibare, kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Kamena 2019, umusaruro w’ibanze wa aluminiyumu mu Bushinwa wari toni miliyoni 17.4373, mu gihe umusaruro nyawo wa anode zatetse wageze kuri toni 9.546.400, warenze toni 82.78 z’amashanyarazi, mu gihe aluminiyumu yo mu Bushinwa yakoreshaga anode zatetse. Ubushobozi bw’umwaka bwo gukora bwageze kuri toni miliyoni 28.78.
Icya kabiri, ibikoresho bya tekiniki biri inyuma, kandi ibicuruzwa biravangwa.
Muri iki gihe, ibigo byinshi bikora ibikoresho, bitewe n'imikorere yihuta mu ntangiriro z'umusaruro, bimwe mu bikoresho byarengeje igihe cyo kubikoresha, ibibazo by'ibikoresho byagiye bigaragazwa kimwe kimwe, kandi ntawakwemeza ko umusaruro uhamye. Tutibagiwe n'abakora ibikoresho bya karuboni bafite ubushobozi buke bwo gukora, ibikoresho bya tekiniki bishobora kutujuje ibisabwa mu rwego rw'igihugu mu bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga, kandi ibicuruzwa bikorerwamo nabyo bifite ibibazo by'ubwiza. Birumvikana ko hari ibintu byinshi biteza ibibazo ku bwiza bw'umusaruro. Uretse ingaruka z'ibikoresho bya tekiniki, ubwiza bw'ibikoresho fatizo buzatuma kandi ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa bya karuboni bugabanuka.
Icya gatatu, politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije irihutirwa, kandi igitutu ku bigo bicuruza karuboni gihora giterwa
Dukurikije ibidukikije bya "Amazi y'icyatsi kibisi n'umusozi w'icyatsi kibisi", ikirere cy'ubururu n'ibicu byera birinzwe, politiki zo kurengera ibidukikije mu gihugu zirakunze kugaragara, kandi igitutu ku nganda zikora karuboni kirimo kwiyongera. Aluminiyumu y'amashanyarazi nayo igengwa no kurengera ibidukikije, ikiguzi cy'umusaruro n'ibindi bibazo, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'impinduka mu bushobozi, bigatuma ibiciro byo gutwara karuboni byiyongera, igihe cyo kwishyura kirekire, amafaranga y'ibigo bihindura ubukungu n'ibindi bibazo bigenda bitangazwa buhoro buhoro.
Icya kane, ubwumvikane buke mu bucuruzi bw'isi burazamuka, imiterere mpuzamahanga irahinduka cyane
Mu 2019, imiterere y’isi yarahindutse, maze intambara za Brexit n’ubucuruzi hagati ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’iza Sino-Amerika zigira ingaruka ku bukungu mpuzamahanga. Mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka, ingano y’inganda zicuruza karubone zoherezwa mu mahanga yatangiye kugabanuka gato. Amadovize yinjijwe n’ibigo byagendaga agabanuka, kandi bimwe mu bigo byari bimaze kugira igihombo. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Nzeri 2019, ingano y’ibikomoka kuri karubone yageze kuri toni 374.007, ubwiyongere bwa 19.28% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize; ingano y’ibikomoka kuri karubone byoherezwa mu mahanga yari toni 316.865, igabanuka rya 20.26% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize; amafaranga y’amahanga yinjijwe n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga yari miliyoni 1.080.72 z’amadolari y’Amerika, igabanuka rya 29.97 ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize.
Mu nganda za aluminiyumu zikora karuboni, nubwo hari ibintu byinshi bibabaza nko kuba ubwiza, ikiguzi, kurengera ibidukikije, nibindi, ni gute ibigo bya karuboni bishobora kunoza neza aho batuye, bigakuraho ikibazo kandi bigasohoka vuba mu "ngorane"?
Ubwa mbere, shyushya itsinda kandi uteze imbere iterambere rya sosiyete
Iterambere ry’ikigo ku giti cyacyo ni rito, kandi biragoye mu irushanwa rikomeye ry’ubukungu. Ibigo bigomba kumenya inenge zabyo ku gihe, bigahuza ibigo byabyo bikomeye, kandi bigashyushya itsinda kugira ngo byongere aho bituye. Muri iki gihe, ntitugomba gukorana gusa n’ibigo byo mu gihugu cyangwa inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru n’urwo hasi, ahubwo tugomba no "kugera ku isi yose" mu buryo busanzwe, no kwagura urubuga mpuzamahanga rw’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga n’ihererekanyamakuru ry’ibigo, ibyo bikaba byoroshye mu guhuza ikoranabuhanga ry’imari n’isoko ry’ibigo. Kwagura.
Icya kabiri, guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, kuvugurura ibikoresho, kunoza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa
Ibikoresho bya tekiniki ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa by'inganda za karuboni bigomba guhinduka kuva ku kwiyongera k'umubare kugera ku kunoza ubuziranenge no kunoza imiterere. Ibicuruzwa bya karuboni bigomba kujyana n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ibigo bya aluminiyumu bya electrolytic kandi bigatanga uburyo bwo kuzigama ingufu no gukoresha ingufu mu buryo burambye. Ingwate ikomeye. Tugomba kwihutisha iterambere ry'ibikoresho bishya bya karuboni hamwe n'uburenganzira bwihariye ku mutungo bwite n'udushya twigenga, kureba ubushakashatsi n'iterambere n'iterambere ry'uruhererekane rw'inganda zose, no gukorana bya hafi n'ibigo bikuru n'ibikuru kugira ngo bihite binyuramo kandi binoze ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho fatizo nka needle coke na polyacrylonitrile raw silk. Gusenya monopoly no kongera gahunda yo gukora.
Icya gatatu, gushimangira umuco wo kwiha agaciro k’ibigo no kubahiriza gahunda yo kubungabunga ibidukikije
Dukurikije igitekerezo cy’iterambere ry’igihugu cya “Green Water Qingshan ni Jinshan Yinshan”, “Imipaka y’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zitari karuboni ku bicuruzwa bya karuboni” yashyizwe mu bikorwa, kandi amahame y’itsinda rya “Carbon Inganda Air Pollutant Emission Standards” nayo ni muri Nzeri 2019. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryatangiye ku ya 1. Kubungabunga ibidukikije bya karuboni ni byo bihe bya none. Ibigo bigomba kongera imbaraga mu kubungabunga no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu, gushimangira ishoramari mu bikoresho birengera ibidukikije, no kugera ku buryo bwo kongera imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu gihe ihumanya ikirere iri hasi cyane, ibi bikaba bishobora guteza imbere ibigo kugabanya ibiciro no kongera imikorere myiza.
Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ibigo binini n’uburyo bushyigikira, mu gihe hari “ubwiza, ikiguzi, kurengera ibidukikije” n’ibindi bibazo, ni gute ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse byinshi bishobora kugera ku gushyushya amatsinda no kunoza uburyo bwo kwihuza no kugura ibigo? Urubuga rwa serivisi z’amakuru mu nganda rw’Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Karuboni cy’Abashinwa rushobora guhuza neza kandi mu buryo buboneye ubucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga bw’ibigo, gushyira mu bikorwa by’ukuri kugabanya ikiguzi no kongera ubushobozi bw’ibigo, no guteza imbere iterambere ryihuse ry’ubuziranenge bw’ibigo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-20-2019