Mail wani nau'in na'urar canza makamashi ne, wanda zai iya canza makamashin lantarki na mai zuwa makamashin lantarki. Ana kiransa da man fetur cell saboda na'urar samar da wutar lantarki ce ta lantarki tare da batirin. Man fetur cell wanda ke amfani da hydrogen a matsayin mai shine man fetur cell. Ana iya fahimtar man fetur cell hydrogen a matsayin amsawar ruwa electrolysis zuwa hydrogen da oxygen. Tsarin amsawar man fetur cell hydrogen yana da tsabta kuma mai inganci. Man fetur cell hydrogen ba a iyakance shi da kashi 42% na ingancin zafi na zagayowar Carnot da ake amfani da shi a cikin injin mota na gargajiya ba, kuma ingancinsa zai iya kaiwa sama da kashi 60%.
Ba kamar rokoki ba, ƙwayoyin man fetur na hydrogen suna samar da makamashin motsi ta hanyar tashin hankali na hydrogen da konewar iskar oxygen, kuma suna fitar da makamashin kyauta na Gibbs a cikin hydrogen ta hanyar na'urorin catalytic. Makamashin kyauta na Gibbs makamashi ne na lantarki wanda ya haɗa da entropy da sauran ka'idoji. Ka'idar aiki na ƙwayar man fetur na hydrogen ita ce hydrogen yana bazuwa zuwa ions na hydrogen (watau protons) da electrons ta hanyar catalyst (Platinum) a cikin electrode mai kyau na tantanin halitta. Ions na hydrogen suna ratsa ta cikin membrane na musayar proton zuwa electrode mara kyau kuma oxygen yana amsawa don zama ruwa da zafi, kuma electrons masu dacewa suna gudana daga electrode mai kyau zuwa electrode mara kyau ta cikin da'irar waje don samar da makamashin lantarki.
A cikintarin tantanin mai, ana aiwatar da amsawar hydrogen da oxygen, kuma akwai canja wurin caji a cikin aikin, wanda ke haifar da wutar lantarki. A lokaci guda, hydrogen yana amsawa da oxygen don samar da ruwa.
A matsayin wurin haɗa sinadarai, babban tushen fasahar da ke cikin tarin ƙwayoyin mai shine "membrane na musayar proton". Gefen biyu na fim ɗin suna kusa da layin mai don wargaza hydrogen zuwa ions masu caji. Saboda ƙwayar hydrogen ƙarami ce, electrons masu ɗauke da hydrogen na iya zamewa zuwa akasin haka ta cikin ƙananan ramukan fim ɗin. Duk da haka, a cikin tsarin electrons masu ɗauke da hydrogen suna wucewa ta cikin ramukan fim ɗin, ana cire electrons daga ƙwayoyin, suna barin protons masu caji mai kyau kawai don isa ɗayan ƙarshen ta cikin fim ɗin.
Protons na hydrogenAna jan hankalin lantarki a ɗayan gefen fim ɗin kuma suna haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin oxygen. Faranti na lantarki a ɓangarorin biyu na fim ɗin sun raba hydrogen zuwa ions na hydrogen da electrons masu kyau, sannan suka raba oxygen zuwa atom ɗin oxygen don kama electrons su mayar da su zuwa ions na oxygen (ƙarfin lantarki mara kyau). Electrons suna samar da wutar lantarki tsakanin faranti na lantarki, kuma ions biyu na hydrogen da ions na oxygen ɗaya suna haɗuwa don samar da ruwa, wanda ya zama kawai "ɓata" a cikin tsarin amsawar. A taƙaice, dukkan tsarin aiki shine tsarin samar da wutar lantarki. Tare da ci gaban amsawar oxidation, ana ci gaba da canja wurin electrons don samar da wutar lantarki da ake buƙata don tuƙa motar.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-12-2022