Graphite ihinduka iy’izuba ni ingenzi cyane mu bikoresho by’izuba (photovoltaic) na semiconductors. Bitewe n’izamuka ryihuta ry’ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu bya graphite ihinduka iy’izuba, ubushobozi bw’ibigo by’amahanga mu Bushinwa bwarahungabanye. Bitewe n’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ryigenga rikomeje ndetse n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, ibipimo by’imikorere ya bimwe mu bicuruzwa byacu by’ingenzi biri ku rugero rumwe cyangwa biruta iby’abanywanyi mpuzamahanga. Ariko, bitewe n’ingaruka ebyiri zo kugabanuka kw’ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo no kugabanuka kw’ikiguzi ku bakiriya bakoresha, ibiciro byakomeje kugabanuka. Ubu, inyungu z’ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu biri munsi ya 20%. Bitewe n’uko ubushobozi bw’umusaruro bukomeje kurekurwa, imbogamizi nshya n’imbogamizi bigenda bigezwa buhoro buhoro ku bigo bya graphite ihinduka iy’izuba.
1. Grafiti ya isostatic ni iki?
Graphite isostatic ivuga ibikoresho bya graphite bivangwa no gukanda isostatic. Kubera ko graphite isostatic ikandamizwa ishyirwamo igitutu kimwe kandi buhoro buhoro n'igitutu cy'amazi mu gihe cyo gushushanya, ibikoresho bya graphite bikorerwamo bifite imiterere myiza cyane. Kuva yavuka mu myaka ya 1960, graphite isostatic yabaye iya mbere mu bikoresho bishya bya graphite bitewe n'imiterere yayo yihariye n'uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha.
2. Uburyo bwo gukora grafiti ya isostatic
Uburyo bwo gukora grafiti icukurwa mu buryo bwa isostatic bugaragara ku ishusho. Grafiti icukurwa mu buryo bwa isostatic ikenera ibikoresho fatizo bya isotropic. Ibikoresho fatizo bigomba gusya neza. Hagomba gukoreshwa ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya ifu. Igihe cyo gukaranga ni kirekire cyane. Kugira ngo hagerwe ku bucucike bw'intego, hakenewe imikorere myinshi yo gukaranga no gukaranga. Igihe cyo gukaranga nacyo ni kirekire cyane kuruta icya grafiti isanzwe.
3. Gukoresha grafiti ya isostatic
Graphite ya isostatic ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha, cyane cyane mu bijyanye na semiconductor na photovoltaic.
Mu rwego rwa photovoltaics, grafiti ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bice bya grafiti mu murima w’ubushyuhe wa grafiti mu itanura rya silicon imwe rikoresha kristalo imwe no mu murima w’ubushyuhe wa grafiti mu itanura rya silicon rikoresha kristalo imwe. By’umwihariko, ibipfunyika byo gukora ibikoresho bya siliconi ya polycrystalline, imashini zikwirakwiza gazi mu itanura rya hydrogenation, ibikoresho bishyushya, silindari zishyushya n’ibishyushya bya polycrystalline ingot, ibice by’icyerekezo, ndetse n’imiyoboro iyobora gukura kwa kristalo imwe n’ibindi bice bito.
Mu rwego rwa semiconductors, ibyuma bishyushya n'ibice bikingira ubushyuhe byo gukuraho kristu imwe bishobora gukoresha grafiti ya isostatic cyangwa grafiti ikozwe mu buryo bwa molded. Byongeye kandi, ibindi bice nk'ibice bikingira ubushyuhe, ibishyushya, electrodes, ibyuma bikingira ubushyuhe, na kristu z'imbuto. Ubwoko bugera kuri 30 bw'ibikoresho, ishingiro ry'ibice bizenguruka, inkingi zitandukanye z'uruziga, n'ibice bigarura ubushyuhe bikozwe muri grafiti ya isostatic.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-06-2024