Muna amfani da su don ba ku mafi kyawun ƙwarewa. Idan kun ci gaba da amfani da gidan yanar gizon mu, za mu ɗauka cewa kuna farin cikin karɓar duk kukis akan wannan gidan yanar gizon.
Kamfanin mai na Italiya, Eni, zai zuba jarin dala miliyan 50 a cikin Commonwealth Fusion Systems, wani kamfani na MIT wanda ke haɗin gwiwa da cibiyar kan haɓaka maganadisu masu amfani da makamashin sifili don samar da makamashin sifili na carbon a cikin wani gwajin ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa mai suna SPARC. Julian Turner ya sami bayanin da Shugaba Robert Muggaard ya bayar.
A cikin ɗakunan tsarkakkun wurare na Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts (MIT), ana samun juyin juya halin makamashi. Bayan shekaru da dama na ci gaba, masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa ƙarfin haɗakar makamashi ya shirya don ɗaukar ranarsa kuma cewa ƙarfin makamashi mara iyaka, mara ƙonewa, mara sifili na iya isa ga isa.
Kamfanin makamashi na Italiya, Eni, yana da wannan kyakkyawan fata, inda ya zuba jarin Yuro miliyan 50 ($62m) a wani aikin haɗin gwiwa tare da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Plasma da Kimiyya ta MIT (PSFC) da kuma wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS), wanda ke da nufin hanzarta haɗa wutar lantarki a cikin wutar lantarki cikin shekaru 15 kacal.
Sarrafa haɗakar iska, tsarin da ke ba da ƙarfi ga rana da taurari, ya tsaya cak saboda matsalar da ta daɗe tana faruwa: yayin da aikin ke fitar da kuzari mai yawa, ana iya yin sa ne kawai a yanayin zafi mai tsanani na miliyoyin digiri Celsius, zafi fiye da tsakiyar rana, kuma zafi sosai da ba zai iya jurewa ba.
Sakamakon ƙalubalen da ake fuskanta na hana amfani da man fetur a cikin waɗannan yanayi masu tsauri, gwaje-gwajen ƙarfin haɗakarwa, har zuwa yanzu, suna gudana akan gibin da ba a buƙata ba, suna samar da ƙarancin makamashi fiye da yadda ake buƙata don ci gaba da haɗakarwa, don haka ba sa iya samar da wutar lantarki ga tashar wutar lantarki.
"An yi nazari sosai kan binciken Fusion a cikin shekaru da dama da suka gabata, wanda ya haifar da ci gaba a fahimtar kimiyya da fasahohi don amfani da makamashin fusion," in ji Shugaban CFS Robert Muggaard.
"CFS tana tallata haɗakarwa ta hanyar amfani da hanyar manyan fannoni, inda muke haɓaka sabbin na'urori masu ƙarfin gaske don yin ƙananan na'urori masu ƙarfin gaske ta amfani da hanyar kimiyyar lissafi iri ɗaya da manyan shirye-shiryen gwamnati. Don yin wannan, CFS tana aiki tare da MIT a cikin wani aiki na haɗin gwiwa, farawa da haɓaka sabbin na'urori masu ƙarfin gaske."
Na'urar SPARC tana amfani da filayen maganadisu masu ƙarfi don riƙe ruwan zafi - miyar iskar gas ta ƙwayoyin subatomic - don hana ta shiga kowane ɓangare na ɗakin injin da ke da siffar donut.
"Babban ƙalubalen shine ƙirƙirar plasma a yanayin da haɗuwa za ta faru ta yadda zai samar da ƙarfi fiye da yadda yake cinyewa," in ji Muggaard. "Wannan ya dogara sosai akan wani yanki na kimiyyar lissafi da aka sani da kimiyyar lissafi ta plasma."
An tsara wannan ƙaramin gwajin ne don samar da kusan MW 100 na zafi a cikin bugun daƙiƙa goma, gwargwadon ƙarfin da ƙaramin birni ke amfani da shi. Amma, kamar yadda SPARC gwaji ne, ba zai haɗa da tsarin da za a mayar da wutar lantarki ta haɗa ba.
Masana kimiyya a MIT sun yi hasashen cewa fitarwa za ta ninka ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi wajen dumama sinadarin plasma, wanda a ƙarshe zai kai ga babban ci gaba na fasaha: makamashi mai kyau daga haɗuwa.
"Haɗawar tana faruwa ne a cikin plasma da aka riƙe a wurinsa kuma aka rufe ta amfani da filayen maganadisu," in ji Muggaard. "Wannan a ra'ayi yana kama da kwalbar maganadisu. Ƙarfin filin maganadisu yana da alaƙa sosai da ikon kwalbar maganadisu na rufe plasma don ya iya isa ga yanayin haɗuwa."
"Saboda haka, idan muka iya yin maganadisu masu ƙarfi za mu iya yin plasmas waɗanda za su iya yin zafi da kauri ta amfani da ƙarancin ƙarfi don ci gaba da dorewa. Kuma tare da mafi kyawun plasmas za mu iya sa na'urorin su ƙanana kuma su fi sauƙin sarrafawa don ginawa da haɓaka.
"Tare da manyan na'urori masu ƙarfin zafi, muna da sabuwar kayan aiki don yin filayen maganadisu masu ƙarfi sosai, don haka kwalaben maganadisu mafi kyau da ƙanana. Mun yi imanin wannan zai sa mu haɗu da sauri."
Muggaard yana magana ne game da sabon ƙarni na manyan na'urorin lantarki masu sarrafa wutar lantarki waɗanda ke da ƙarfin samar da filin maganadisu sau biyu fiye da wanda aka yi amfani da shi a kowace gwajin haɗuwa da ke akwai, wanda ke ba da damar ƙaruwar wutar lantarki fiye da ninki goma a kowace girma.
An yi shi da tef ɗin ƙarfe da aka shafa da wani sinadari mai suna yttrium-barium-copper oxide (YBCO), sabbin maganadisu masu ƙarfin gaske za su ba wa SPARC damar samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi kusan kashi ɗaya bisa biyar na ITER amma a cikin na'urar da ke da kusan 1/65 na girmanta.
Ta hanyar rage girman, farashi, jadawalin lokaci da kuma sarkakiyar ƙungiya da ake buƙata don gina na'urorin makamashin haɗakarwa ta hanyar sadarwa, magnets na YBCO za su kuma ba da damar sabbin hanyoyin ilimi da kasuwanci, zuwa ga makamashin haɗakarwa.
"SPARC da ITER duka tokamaks ne, wani nau'in kwalbar maganadisu wanda ya dogara ne akan ilimin kimiyyar asali na ci gaban kimiyyar plasma tsawon shekaru da yawa," in ji Muggaard.
"SPARC za ta yi amfani da na'urorin maganadisu masu zafi (HTS) masu zuwa waɗanda ke ba da damar samun filin maganadisu mafi girma, wanda ke ba da aikin haɗakar da aka yi niyya a ƙaramin girma."
"Mun yi imanin cewa wannan zai zama muhimmin bangare na cimma hadewar lokaci mai dacewa da yanayi da kuma samfuri mai kyau a fannin tattalin arziki."
Dangane da batun lokaci da kuma dorewar kasuwanci, SPARC wani juyin halitta ne na ƙirar tokamak wanda aka yi nazari kuma aka inganta tsawon shekaru da dama, ciki har da aiki a MIT wanda ya fara a shekarun 1970.
Gwajin SPARC yana da nufin share fagen samar da wutar lantarki ta haɗin kai ta farko a duniya, wacce ke da ƙarfin wutar lantarki kusan MW 200, idan aka kwatanta da yawancin tashoshin wutar lantarki na kasuwanci.
Duk da shakku da ake da shi game da ƙarfin haɗakar iskar gas - Eni tana da hangen nesa na gaba don zama kamfanin mai na farko na duniya da ya zuba jari mai yawa a ciki - masu fafutuka sun yi imanin cewa wannan dabarar za ta iya biyan wani babban ɓangare na buƙatun makamashi da ke ƙaruwa a duniya, yayin da a lokaci guda za a rage fitar da hayakin da ke gurbata muhalli.
Ƙaramin sikelin da sabbin maganadisu masu ƙarfin gaske suka samar yana iya ba da damar samun hanya mafi sauri da araha zuwa wutar lantarki daga haɗakar makamashi akan grid.
Eni ta kiyasta cewa za ta kashe dala biliyan 3 don ƙirƙirar na'urar haɗakar makamashin nukiliya mai ƙarfin 200MW nan da shekarar 2033. Aikin ITER, wanda haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Turai, Amurka, China, Indiya, Japan, Rasha da Koriya ta Kudu, ya fi rabin burinsa na gwajin plasma mai zafi na farko nan da shekarar 2025 da kuma haɗakar makamashin nukiliya ta farko nan da shekarar 2035, kuma yana da kasafin kuɗi na kusan Yuro biliyan 20. Kamar yadda yake a SPARC, an tsara ITER don kada ta samar da wutar lantarki.
Don haka, tare da hanyar sadarwa ta Amurka da ke ƙaura daga tashoshin wutar lantarki na kwal ko fission mai ƙarfin 2GW-3GW zuwa waɗanda ke cikin kewayon 100MW-500MW, shin ƙarfin haɗakar wutar lantarki zai iya yin gasa a cikin kasuwa mai wahala - kuma, idan haka ne, yaushe?
"Har yanzu akwai bincike da za a yi, amma an san ƙalubalen, sabbin kirkire-kirkire suna nuna hanyar hanzarta abubuwa, sabbin 'yan wasa kamar CFS suna mai da hankali kan harkokin kasuwanci ga matsalolin kuma ilimin kimiyya na asali ya girma," in ji Muggaard.
"Mun yi imanin cewa haɗuwa ta fi kusa fiye da yadda mutane da yawa ke tsammani. Ku kasance tare da mu." jQuery(document).ready(function() { /* Carousel na Kamfanoni */ jQuery('.carousel').slick({ points: true, infinite: true, speed: 300, lazyLoad: 'ondemand', slidesToShow: 1, slidesToScroll: 1, adaptiveHeight: true }); });
DAMM Cellular Systems A/S tana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin duniya a cikin ingantattun tsarin sadarwa na Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) da rediyon wayar hannu na dijital (DMR) ga abokan cinikin tsaro na masana'antu, kasuwanci da jama'a.
DAMM TetraFlex Dispatcher yana ba da ƙarin inganci a cikin ƙungiyoyi, yana gudanar da rundunar masu biyan kuɗi waɗanda ke buƙatar umarnin sadarwa ta rediyo, sarrafawa da sa ido.
Tsarin Murya da Bayanan Bayanai na DAMM TetraFlex yana ba da cikakkun ayyuka na rikodin murya da bayanai daidai, da kuma nau'ikan kayan aikin rikodin CDR iri-iri.
Green Tape Solutions wani kamfanin ba da shawara ne na Australiya, wanda ya ƙware a fannin tantance muhalli, amincewa da kuma tantancewa, da kuma binciken muhalli.
Idan kana neman inganta aikin tashar wutar lantarki da amincinta, za ka so ƙwarewar kwaikwayon da ta dace ta kai ka can. Wata kamfani tana da himma wajen samar da na'urorin kwaikwayo na gaske waɗanda ke tabbatar da cewa ma'aikatanka suna da ilimin da ake buƙata don gudanar da tashar wutar lantarki cikin aminci da inganci.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-18-2019