Muna amfani da su don ba ku mafi kyawun ƙwarewa. Idan ka ci gaba da amfani da gidan yanar gizon mu, za mu ɗauka cewa kuna farin cikin karɓar duk kukis akan wannan gidan yanar gizon.
Kamfanin mai na Italiya Eni yana saka hannun jarin $50m a cikin Commonwealth Fusion Systems, MIT spinout wanda ke haɗin gwiwa tare da cibiyar kan haɓaka manyan abubuwan maganadisu don samar da makamashin sifili-carbon a cikin gwajin wutar lantarki mai suna SPARC. Julian Turner ya sami raguwa daga Shugaba Robert Mumgaard.
A cikin tsattsarkan dakunan dakunan fasaha na Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) juyin juya halin makamashi yana faruwa. Bayan shekaru da yawa na ci gaba, masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa ikon haɗakarwa a ƙarshe ya shirya don ɗaukar ranarsa kuma tsattsarkan grail marar iyaka, mara konewa, makamashin carbon-carbon na iya isa.
Giant ɗin makamashi na Italiya Eni ya raba wannan kyakkyawan fata, yana saka hannun jarin € 50m ($ 62m) a cikin aikin haɗin gwiwa tare da MIT's Plasma Fusion and Science Center (PSFC) da kamfani mai zaman kansa Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS), wanda ke da niyyar saurin saurin haɗakar wutar lantarki a cikin ƙasan shekaru 15.
Sarrafa haɗakarwa, tsarin da ke iko da rana da taurari, yana fuskantar matsalar tsohuwar matsala: yayin da al'adar ke fitar da makamashi mai yawa, za a iya yin ta ne kawai a matsanancin yanayin zafi na miliyoyin digiri Celsius, zafi fiye da tsakiyar rana, kuma yana da zafi sosai don kowane abu mai ƙarfi ya jure.
Sakamakon ƙalubalen da ke tattare da tsare makamashin fusion a cikin waɗannan matsananciyar yanayi, gwaje-gwajen wutar lantarki, har ya zuwa yanzu, suna gudana akan gibi, suna samar da ƙarancin kuzari fiye da yadda ake buƙata don ci gaba da halayen haɗin gwiwa, don haka ba su iya samar da wutar lantarki ga grid.
"An yi nazari sosai kan binciken Fusion a cikin shekaru da dama da suka gabata, wanda ya haifar da ci gaba a fahimtar kimiyya da fasaha don haɗakarwa," in ji Shugaba na CFS Robert Mumgaard.
"CFS tana tallata haɗe-haɗe ta hanyar amfani da babban filin, inda muke haɓaka sabbin magneto mai ƙarfi don yin ƙananan na'urorin haɗin gwiwa ta amfani da tsarin kimiyya iri ɗaya kamar manyan shirye-shiryen gwamnati. Don yin wannan, CFS tana aiki tare da MIT a cikin aikin haɗin gwiwa, farawa tare da haɓaka sabbin maganadisu."
Na'urar ta SPARC tana amfani da filayen maganadisu masu ƙarfi don riƙe da plasma mai zafi - miya mai iskar gas na barbashi na subatomic - don hana ta shiga kowane sashe na ɗaki mai siffar donuts.
Mumgaard ya ce "Babban ƙalubalen shi ne ƙirƙirar plasma a yanayin da za a iya haɗuwa don ya samar da ƙarfi fiye da yadda yake cinyewa," in ji Mumgaard. "Wannan ya dogara kacokan akan wani yanki na kimiyyar lissafi wanda aka sani da plasma physics."
An tsara wannan ɗan ƙaramin gwajin don samar da kusan megawatt 100 na zafi a cikin bugun jini na daƙiƙa goma, gwargwadon ƙarfin da ƙaramin birni ke amfani da shi. Amma, kamar yadda SPARC gwaji ne, ba zai haɗa da tsarin da za a juya wutar lantarki ba.
Masana kimiyya a MIT suna tsammanin fitarwa zai zama fiye da sau biyu ikon da ake amfani da su don dumama plasma, a ƙarshe sun cimma babban ci gaba na fasaha: ingantaccen makamashi daga haɗuwa.
"Fusion yana faruwa a cikin wani plasma da aka ajiye a wuri kuma an keɓe shi ta amfani da filayen maganadisu," in ji Mumgaard. "Wannan a ra'ayi ne kamar kwalban maganadisu, ƙarfin filin maganadisu yana da ƙarfi sosai da ƙarfin kwalabe na maganadisu don rufe plasma ta yadda zai iya kaiwa yanayin haɗuwa.
"Don haka, idan za mu iya yin maganadisu mai ƙarfi, za mu iya yin plasma da za su iya yin zafi da yawa ta amfani da ƙarancin wutar lantarki don kiyaye shi.
"Tare da na'urori masu zafi masu zafi, muna da sabon kayan aiki don kera filayen maganadisu masu ƙarfi sosai, kuma don haka mafi kyau da ƙananan kwalabe na maganadisu. Mun yi imanin wannan zai sa mu haɗu cikin sauri."
Mumgaard yana magana ne game da sabon ƙarni na manyan na'urori masu sarrafa wutar lantarki waɗanda ke da yuwuwar samar da filin maganadisu sau biyu mai ƙarfi fiye da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin kowane gwajin haɗaɗɗiyar da ke akwai, wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka ƙarfi fiye da sau goma a kowane girman.
Anyi daga tef ɗin ƙarfe wanda aka lulluɓe da wani fili da ake kira yttrium-barium-copper oxide (YBCO), sabon maɗaukakin maɗaukaki zai ba SPARC damar samar da wutar lantarki ta fusion kusan kashi biyar na ITER amma a cikin na'urar da ke kusan 1/65 ƙarar.
Ta hanyar rage girman, farashi, tsarin lokaci da kuma hadaddun ƙungiyoyin da ake buƙata don gina na'urorin makamashin haɗin gwiwa, YBCO magnet zai kuma ba da damar sabbin hanyoyin ilimi da kasuwanci, don haɗa makamashin.
"SPARC da ITER duka biyun tokamaks ne, takamaiman nau'in kwalban maganadisu wanda ya dogara da babban ilimin kimiyyar ci gaban ilimin lissafi na plasma tsawon shekaru da yawa," Mumgaard ya fayyace.
“SPARC za ta yi amfani da na gaba ƙarni na high-zazzabi superconductor (HTS) maganadiso wanda ya ba da damar mafi girma filin maganadisu, ba da niyya fusion aikin a mafi karami size.
"Mun yi imanin wannan zai zama wani muhimmin bangare na cimma daidaituwa a kan yanayin da ya dace da yanayi da kuma samfurin tattalin arziki."
A kan batun ma'auni na lokaci da iyawar kasuwanci, SPARC wani juyin halitta ne na ƙirar tokamak wanda aka yi nazari kuma an daidaita shi shekaru da yawa, gami da aiki a MIT wanda ya fara a cikin 1970s.
Gwajin na SPARC na nufin share fagen samar da wutar lantarki ta gaskiya ta farko a duniya mai karfin megawatt 200 na wutar lantarki, kwatankwacin na mafi yawan kamfanonin wutar lantarki na kasuwanci.
Duk da yawan shakku game da ikon haɗakarwa - Eni yana da hangen nesa na gaba don zama kamfanin mai na farko na duniya don saka hannun jari mai yawa a ciki - masu ba da shawara sun yi imanin dabarar na iya yuwuwar saduwa da wani yanki mai yawa na buƙatun makamashi na haɓakar duniya, yayin da a lokaci guda ke lalata hayaki mai gurbata yanayi.
Karamin sikelin da sabon maɗaukakin maɗaukaki ya kunna zai iya ba da damar sauri, hanya mai arha zuwa wutar lantarki daga ƙarfin haɗaka akan grid.
Eni ya kiyasta cewa zai kashe $ 3bn don haɓaka 200MW fusion reactor ta 2033. Aikin ITER, haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Turai, Amurka, China, Indiya, Japan, Rasha da Koriya ta Kudu, ya fi rabin hanya zuwa ga burinsa na gwajin gwajin jini na farko ta 2025 da kuma haɗin gwiwa na farko ta hanyar 2035, kuma yana da kusan 20 biliyan na kasafin kuɗi. Kamar yadda yake tare da SPARC, ITER an tsara shi don kada ya samar da wutar lantarki.
Don haka, tare da grid na Amurka yana motsawa daga kwal na 2GW-3GW guda ɗaya ko tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi zuwa waɗanda ke cikin kewayon 100MW-500MW, zai iya haɗa wutar lantarki a cikin kasuwa mai wahala - kuma, idan haka ne, yaushe?
"Har yanzu akwai bincike da za a yi, amma an san ƙalubalen, sababbin sababbin abubuwa suna nuna hanyar da za a hanzarta abubuwa, sababbin 'yan wasa kamar CFS suna kawo mayar da hankali ga kasuwanci ga matsalolin kuma ilimin kimiyya ya balaga," in ji Mumgaard.
"Mun yi imanin cewa haɗin kai ya fi kusa fiye da yadda mutane da yawa ke tunani. Kasance da mu." jQuery ( daftarin aiki ).ready (aiki () {/* Kamfanoni carousel */ jQuery ('.carousel').slick ({dige: gaskiya, marar iyaka: gaskiya, gudun: 300, lazyLoad: 'ondemand', slidesToShow: 1, slidesToScroll: 1, adaptive Height: gaskiya});});
DAMM Cellular Systems A/S yana ɗaya daga cikin jagororin duniya a cikin amintaccen, mai karko kuma mai sauƙin daidaitawa ta Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) da tsarin sadarwar wayar hannu ta dijital (DMR) don masana'antu, kasuwanci da abokan cinikin amincin jama'a.
DAMM TetraFlex Dispatcher yana ba da haɓaka haɓakawa a cikin ƙungiyoyi, aiki da ƙungiyar masu biyan kuɗi waɗanda ke buƙatar umarnin sadarwar rediyo, sarrafawa da saka idanu.
DAMM TetraFlex Voice da Data Log System yana ba da cikakkiyar murya da daidaitattun ayyukan rikodin bayanai, da kuma wurare masu yawa na CDR.
Green Tape Solutions mashawarci ne na Ostiraliya, ƙwararre kan kimanta muhalli, yarda da dubawa, da kuma binciken muhalli.
Lokacin da kuke neman haɓaka aikin injin ku da amincin ku, kuna son ƙwarewar simintin da ta dace don isa gare ku. Kamfani ɗaya yana da sadaukarwa don samar da na'urori masu sarrafa wutar lantarki na gaskiya-zuwa-rayuwa waɗanda ke tabbatar da cewa ma'aikatan ku suna da ilimin da ake buƙata don amintacce da ingantaccen sarrafa tashar wutar lantarki.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-18-2019