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Ka tātarihia e tēnei pepa te mākete waro whakahohe o nāianei, ka whakahaerehia he tātaritanga hōhonu o ngā rauemi mata o te waro whakahohe, ka whakaurua ngā tikanga tautuhi hanganga pūwero, ngā tikanga whakaputa, ngā āhuatanga awe me te ahunga whakamua o te tono waro whakahohe, ā, ka arotakehia ngā hua rangahau o te hangarau arotau hanganga pūwero waro whakahohe, me te whai kia whakatairangahia te waro whakahohe kia nui ake te mahi i roto i te tono o ngā hangarau matomato me te iti-waro.
Te whakarite i te waro whakahohe
Ko te tikanga, e rua ngā wāhanga o te whakarite i te waro whakahohe: te whakapūmau me te whakahohe.
Te tukanga whakapūngao waro
Ko te whakawaro waro e pā ana ki te tukanga whakamahana i te waro mata i te pāmahana teitei i raro i te tiaki o te hau kore mahi hei wawahi i ōna mea pupuhi me te whiwhi hua waro waenga. Ka taea e te whakawaro waro te whakatutuki i te whāinga e tumanakohia ana mā te whakarerekē i ngā tawhā tukanga. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ko te pāmahana whakahohe he tawhā tukanga matua e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga whakawaro waro. I rangahau a Jie Qiang me ētahi atu i te pānga o te tere whakamahana whakawaro waro ki te mahi a te waro whakahohe i roto i te oumu whakakā, ā, i kitea ko te tere iti ka āwhina i te whakapai ake i te hua o ngā rauemi whakawaro waro me te whakaputa rauemi kounga teitei.
Te tukanga whakahohenga
Mā te whakapūnga waro ka taea e ngā rauemi mata te hanga i tētahi hanganga moroiti-kiriata rite ki te karāpeti, ā, ka puta he hanganga pūnga tuatahi. Heoi, ka whakararuraruhia, ka āraihia rānei ēnei pūnga e ētahi atu matū, ka hua ake he iti noa te horahanga mata motuhake, ā, me whakahohe anō. Ko te whakahohenga te tukanga o te whakarei ake i te hanganga pūnga o te hua kua whakapūnga warohia, e mahia ana mā te tauhohenga matū i waenga i te kaiwhakaoho me te rauemi mata: ka taea te whakatairanga i te hanganga o te hanganga moroiti-kiriata pūnga.
E toru ngā wāhanga o te whakahohenga hei whakarei ake i ngā pūwero o te rauemi:
(1) Te whakatuwhera i ngā pūwero kua kati tuatahi (mā roto i ngā pūwero);
(2) Te whakanui ake i ngā pūwero taketake (te whakawhanuitanga o ngā pūwero);
(3) Te hanga pore hou (te hanga pore);
Kāore ēnei pānga e toru e tutuki takitahi ana, engari ka puta ngātahi, ka mahi tahi hoki. I te nuinga o te wā, mā roto i ngā pūwero me te hanganga pūwero ka whai hua ki te whakanui ake i te maha o ngā pūwero, inā koa ko ngā pūwero moroiti, he mea pai mō te whakarite i ngā rauemi pūwero he nui te pūwero me te horahanga mata motuhake nui, ko te nui o te pūwero ka meinga ngā pūwero kia hanumi, kia hono, ka huri i ngā pūwero moroiti hei pūwero nui ake. Nō reira, kia whiwhi ai i ngā rauemi waro whakahohe he pūwero kua whanake me te horahanga mata motuhake nui, me karo i te whakahohenga nui rawa. Ko ngā tikanga whakahohe waro whakahohe e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te tikanga matū, te tikanga ā-tinana me te tikanga ā-tinana.
Tikanga whakahohe matū
Ko te tikanga whakahohe matū e pā ana ki te tikanga tāpiri i ngā matū matū ki ngā rauemi mata, kātahi ka whakamahana mā te whakauru i ngā hau tiaki pērā i te N2 me te Ar ki roto i te oumu whakamahana hei whakapūmau i te waro me te whakahohe i a rātou i te wā kotahi. Ko ngā matū whakahohe e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te NaOH, KOH me te H3P04. He iti te pāmahana whakahohe me te nui o te hua o te tikanga whakahohe matū, engari he raruraru anō hoki pērā i te waikura nui, te uaua ki te tango i ngā matū mata me te parahanga nui o te taiao.
Tikanga whakahohe ā-tinana
Ko te tikanga whakahohe ā-tinana e pā ana ki te whakakā waro i ngā rauemi mata i roto i te oumu, kātahi ka tauhohe ki ngā hau pēnei i te CO2 me te H20 i whakauruhia ki te pāmahana teitei hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te whakanui i ngā pūwero me te whakawhanui i ngā pūwero, engari he ngoikore te whakahaere i te hanganga pūwero o te tikanga whakahohe ā-tinana. I roto i ēnei, he whānui te whakamahinga o te CO2 i roto i te whakarite waro whakahohe nā te mea he ma, he ngāwari ki te tiki, ā, he iti te utu. Whakamahia te anga kokonati kua whakakā warohia hei rauemi mata, ā, whakahohehia ki te CO2 hei whakarite waro whakahohe me ngā pūwero moroiti kua whakawhanakehia, me te horahanga mata motuhake me te rōrahi pūwero katoa o te 1653m2·g-1 me te 0.1045cm3·g-1, ia. I eke te mahi ki te paerewa whakamahinga o te waro whakahohe mō ngā pūnga rua-paparanga.
Whakahohehia te kōhatu loquat ki te CO2 hei whakarite i te waro whakahohe nui. Whai muri i te whakahohenga i te 1100℃ mō te 30 meneti, ka eke te horahanga mata motuhake me te rōrahi pūwero katoa ki te 3500m2·g-1 me te 1.84cm3·g-1. Whakamahia te CO2 hei mahi whakahohenga tuarua ki te waro whakahohe anga kokonati arumoni. Whai muri i te whakahohenga, ka whakawhāitihia ngā pūwero iti o te hua kua oti, ka piki ake te rōrahi pūwero iti mai i te 0.21 cm3·g-1 ki te 0.27 cm3·g-1, ka piki ake te horahanga mata motuhake mai i te 627.22 m2·g-1 ki te 822.71 m2·g-1, ā, ka piki ake te kaha mimiti o te phenol mā te 23.77%.
Kua rangahauhia e ētahi atu tohunga ngā āhuatanga matua o te tukanga whakahohenga CO2. I kitea e Mohammad et al. [21] ko te pāmahana te āhuatanga matua e awe ana i te whakamahinga o te CO2 hei whakahohe i te wahie rapa. I piki ake te horahanga mata motuhake, te rahinga pore me te microporosity o te hua kua oti i te tuatahi, kātahi ka heke iho i te pikinga o te pāmahana. I whakamahia e Cheng Song et al. [22] te tikanga mata urupare hei tātari i te tukanga whakahohenga CO2 o ngā anga nati macadamia. I whakaatuhia e ngā hua ko te pāmahana whakahohenga me te wā whakahohenga te mea nui rawa atu te awe ki te whanaketanga o ngā micropore waro whakahohe.
Wā tuku: 27 o Ākuhata-2024