Mu mafakitale, graphite yachilengedwe imagawidwa m'magulu a crystalline graphite ndi cryptocrystalline graphite malinga ndi mawonekedwe a kristalo. Crystalite ya crystalline imapangidwa bwino kwambiri, ndipo m'mimba mwake wa crystal plate ndi >1 μm, yomwe imapangidwa kwambiri ndi crystal imodzi kapena flaky crystal. Crystalline graphite ndi imodzi mwa miyala 24 yofunika kwambiri mdziko muno. Kufufuza ndi chitukuko cha graphite kwalembedwa mu National Mineral Resources Planning (2016-2020) koyamba. Kufunika kwa crystalline graphite kumayendetsedwa ndi mfundo monga magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ndi graphene. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu.
Malinga ndi US Geological Survey (USGS), pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2017, malo osungira graphite padziko lonse lapansi ali pafupifupi matani 270 miliyoni, makamaka ku Turkey, China ndi Brazil, komwe China ili ndi crystalline graphite ndipo Turkey ndi cryptocrystalline graphite. Cryptocrystalline graphite ili ndi mtengo wotsika komanso mwayi wochepa wopezera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, kotero crystalline graphite imasankha mtundu wa graphite wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Malinga ndi bungwe la Chinese Academy of Sciences, graphite ya kristalo ku China imapanga zoposa 70% ya dziko lonse lapansi. Pakati pawo, chuma cha graphite ya kristalo ku Heilongjiang Province chikhoza kukhala 60% ya dziko la China ndi zoposa 40% ya dziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Opanga graphite yayikulu padziko lonse lapansi ndi China, kutsatiridwa ndi India ndi Brazil.
Kugawa zinthu
Maziko a geology a miyala ya kristalo ya graphite m'madera osiyanasiyana a China
Makhalidwe a sikelo ya ma crystalline graphite deposits akuluakulu ku China ndi kuchuluka kwa ma scales akuluakulu (>0.15mm)
Chigawo cha Heilongjiang
Chigawo cha Heilongjiang chili ndi graphite yambiri, ndipo idakali yabwino kwambiri ku Hegang ndi Jixi. Chigawo chake chakum'mawa ndi malo osungiramo graphite yayikulu kwambiri mdziko muno, yokhala ndi malo odziwika bwino komanso akuluakulu a graphite monga Jixi Liumao, Luobei Yunshan ndi Muling Guangyi. Migodi ya graphite yapezeka m'mizinda 7 mwa 13 m'chigawochi. Malo osungiramo zinthu omwe akuyerekezeredwa ndi matani osachepera 400 miliyoni, ndipo malo omwe angakhalepo ndi matani pafupifupi 1 biliyoni. Mudanjiang ndi Shuangyashan apeza zinthu zazikulu, koma ubwino wa zinthuzo umaganiziridwa mokwanira. Grafiti yapamwamba kwambiri ikulamulidwabe ndi Hegang ndi Jixi. Akuti malo osungiramo graphite omwe angapezekenso m'chigawochi akhoza kufika matani 1-150 miliyoni (kuchuluka kwa mchere).
Chigawo Chodziyimira Payokha cha Inner Mongolia
Ma crystalline graphite osungidwa ku Inner Mongolia ndi achiwiri kwa Heilongjiang, omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku Inner Mongolia, Xinghe, Alashan ndi Baotou.
Katundu wa kaboni wokhazikika wa miyala ya graphite m'dera la Xinghe nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 3% ndi 5%. Katundu wa kaboni wokhazikika ndi >0.3mm, womwe umakhala pafupifupi 30%, ndipo katundu wa kaboni wokhazikika ndi >0.15mm, womwe ungafike pa 55%. M'dera la Alashan, potengera graphite deposit ya Chahanmuhulu mwachitsanzo, katundu wapakati wa kaboni wokhazikika ndi pafupifupi 5.45%, ndipo ma graphite ambiri ndi >0.15 mm. Mgodi wa graphite m'dera la Chaganwendu ku Damao Banner m'dera la Baotou uli ndi katundu wa kaboni wokhazikika wa 5.61% ndi mainchesi ambiri <0.15mm.
Chigawo cha Sichuan
Zinthu zopangidwa ndi kristalo ya graphite ku Sichuan Province zimapezeka kwambiri m'madera a Panzhihua, Bazhong ndi Aba. Avereji ya carbon yokhazikika mu graphite ore m'madera a Panzhihua ndi Zhongba ndi 6.21%. Ore makamaka ndi yaying'ono, ndipo sikelo ya sikeloyo si yoposa 0.15mm. Sikelo ya carbon yokhazikika ya crystalline graphite ore ku Nanjiang City ku Bazhong ndi 5% mpaka 7%, yapamwamba kwambiri ndi 13%, ndipo sikelo zambiri za graphite ndi >0.15 mm. Sikelo ya carbon yokhazikika ya graphite ore ku Aba Prefecture ndi 5% ~ 10%, ndipo sikelo zambiri za graphite ndi <0.15mm.
Chigawo cha Shanxi
Chigawo cha Shanxi chapeza magwero 8 a miyala ya kristalo ya grafiti yomwe yapezeka, makamaka yomwe imagawidwa m'dera la Datong. Avereji ya kaboni yokhazikika mu malo osungiramo zinthu ndi pakati pa 3% ndi 4%, ndipo ma graphite ambiri ndi >0.15 mm. Kuyesa kwa ore dressing kukuwonetsa kuti zokolola zazikulu zofanana ndi pafupifupi 38%, monga mgodi wa graphite ku Qili Village, Xinrong District, Datong.
Chigawo cha Shandong
Zinthu zopangidwa ndi graphite ku Shandong Province zimapezeka kwambiri ku Laixi, Pingdu ndi Laiyang. Katundu wapakati wa kaboni wokhazikika ku villa yakumwera chakumadzulo kwa Lai ndi pafupifupi 5.18%, ndipo m'mimba mwake mwa mapepala ambiri a graphite ndi pakati pa 0.1 ndi 0.4 mm. Katundu wapakati wa kaboni wokhazikika ku mgodi wa graphite wa Liugezhuang ku Pingdu City ndi pafupifupi 3.34%, ndipo m'mimba mwake wa sikelo ndi <0.5mm. Katundu wa Pingdu Yanxin Graphite uli ndi katundu wapakati wa kaboni wokhazikika wa 3.5%, ndipo sikelo ya sikelo ndi >0.30mm, zomwe ndi 8% mpaka 12%. Mwachidule, katundu wapakati wa kaboni wokhazikika m'migodi ya graphite ku Shandong nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa 3% ndi 5%, ndipo gawo la sikelo >0.15 mm ndi 40% mpaka 60%.
momwe zinthu zilili
Ma grafiti aku China ali ndi magiredi abwino a mafakitale, omwe ndi abwino kumigodi, ndipo magiredi a graphite a crystalline ndi osachepera 3%. M'zaka 10 zapitazi, kutulutsa kwa graphite ku China pachaka kuli pakati pa matani 60,000 ndi 800,000, omwe kupanga graphite ya crystalline kumafikira pafupifupi 80%.
Pali makampani opitilira chikwi okonza graphite ku China, ndipo zinthuzo ndi zinthu za graphite monga graphite yapakatikati ndi yayikulu ya kaboni, graphite yoyera kwambiri ndi graphite ya ufa wabwino, komanso graphite yowonjezereka ndi zinthu za carbon. Mtundu wa bizinesiyi makamaka umayendetsedwa ndi boma, womwe umagawidwa kwambiri ku Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang ndi madera ena. Kampani yogulitsa graphite ya boma ili ndi maziko olimba komanso ubwino waukulu muukadaulo ndi zinthu zina.
Graphite imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zitsulo, zitsulo, zopangira maziko, zida zamakanika, makampani opanga mankhwala ndi zina chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake abwino kwambiri. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito zida zatsopano za graphite m'mafakitale apamwamba monga mphamvu zatsopano, makampani opanga zida za nyukiliya, chidziwitso cha zamagetsi, ndege ndi chitetezo ikufufuzidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo imaonedwa kuti ndi chuma chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa mafakitale omwe akutukuka kumene. Pakadali pano, zinthu za graphite zaku China zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzinthu zosinthira, zoponyera, zosindikizira, graphite yapadera ndi zina, zomwe zida zosinthira ndi zoponyera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Ndi chitukuko chopitilira cha makampani atsopano amagetsi, kufunikira kwa graphite mtsogolomu kudzapitirira kukwera.
Kufunika kwa graphite ku China mu 2020 kukuyembekezeka
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-25-2019