Kwezimboni, i-graphite yemvelo ihlukaniswa nge-crystalline graphite kanye ne-cryptocrystalline graphite ngokwesimo sekristalu. I-crystalline graphite iqiniswa kangcono, kanti ububanzi be-crystal plate buyi->1 μm, ekhiqizwa kakhulu yikristalu eyodwa noma ikristalu eliqhekekile. I-crystalline graphite ingenye yamaminerali angu-24 abalulekile ezweni. Ukuhlola nokuthuthukiswa kwe-graphite kubhalwe ku-National Mineral Resources Planning (2016-2020) okokuqala ngqa. Ukubaluleka kwe-crystalline graphite kuholwa yimibono efana nezimoto ezintsha zamandla kanye ne-graphene. Ukwanda okukhulu.
Ngokusho kwe-US Geological Survey (USGS), kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2017, izindawo zokugcina i-graphite emhlabeni zingamathani angaba yizigidi ezingu-270, ezisatshalaliswa kakhulu eTurkey, eShayina naseBrazil, lapho iShayina ibuswa yi-crystalline graphite kanti iTurkey iyi-cryptocrystalline graphite. I-cryptocrystalline graphite inenani eliphansi kanye namathuba okuthuthuka nokusetshenziswa alinganiselwe, ngakho-ke i-crystalline graphite inquma iphethini ye-graphite yomhlaba wonke.
Ngokusho kwe-Chinese Academy of Sciences, i-graphite ekristalu yaseShayina ibiza ngaphezu kuka-70% wenani lomhlaba. Phakathi kwazo, izinsiza ze-graphite ekristalu yaseSifundazweni saseHeilongjiang zingaba ngu-60% waseShayina kanye nangaphezu kuka-40% womhlaba, okudlala indima ebalulekile. Abakhiqizi abakhulu emhlabeni be-graphite ekristalu yiShayina, kulandele iNdiya neBrazil.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwezinsizakusebenza
Isizinda se-geological sama-crystalline graphite deposits ezindaweni ezahlukene zaseShayina
Izici zesikali sediphozithi enkulu ye-graphite ekristalini eShayina kanye nokukhiqiza kwezikali ezinkulu (>0.15mm)
Isifunda sase-Heilongjiang
Isifundazwe saseHeilongjiang sinokusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwe-graphite, futhi isasebenza kahle kakhulu eHegang naseJixi. Isifunda saso esisempumalanga siyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke yokugcina i-graphite ekristalu ezweni, enezindawo ezidumile ezinkulu nezinkulu kakhulu ze-graphite njengeJixi Liumao, iLuobei Yunshan kanye neMuling Guangyi. Izimayini ze-graphite zitholakale emadolobheni angu-7 kwangu-13 esifundazweni. Izindawo ezilinganiselwe zokugcina izinsiza okungenani zingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-400, kanti izinsiza ezingaba khona zingamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1. IMudanjiang kanye neShuangyashan zinezinto ezinkulu ezitholakele, kodwa ikhwalithi yezinsiza icatshangelwa ngokuphelele. I-graphite esezingeni eliphezulu isaphethwe yiHegang kanye neJixi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi izindawo ezigciniwe ze-graphite ezitholakalayo esifundazweni zingafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1-150 (inani lamaminerali).
Isifunda Esizimele Sase-Inner Mongolia
Izinsalela ze-graphite ekristalu e-Inner Mongolia zilandela i-Heilongjiang kuphela, ezisatshalaliswa kakhulu e-Inner Mongolia, e-Xinghe, e-Alashan nase-Baotou.
Ibanga lekhabhoni eliqondile le-graphite ore endaweni yaseXinghe ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-3% no-5%. Isilinganiso sekhabhoni singu->0.3mm, esibalelwa cishe ku-30%, kanti isilinganiso sekhabhoni singu->0.15mm, esingafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-55%. Endaweni yase-Alashan, uma sibheka idiphozithi ye-graphite yaseChahanmuhulu njengesibonelo, izinga elijwayelekile le-ore fixed carbon lingaba ngu-5.45%, kanti iningi lezikali ze-graphite lingu->0.15 mm. Imayini ye-graphite endaweni yaseChaganwendu yaseDamao Banner endaweni yaseBaotou inezinga lekhabhoni eliqondile eliphakathi kuka-5.61% kanye nobubanzi besikali obungu-<0.15mm.
Isifundazwe saseSichuan
Imithombo ye-graphite ekristalu eSifundazweni saseSichuan isatshalaliswa kakhulu ePanzhihua, eBazhong nase-Aba Prefectures. Isilinganiso se-carbon egxilile ku-graphite ore ezindaweni zasePanzhihua naseZhongba singama-6.21%. I-ore ikakhulukazi iyizikali ezincane, kanti isikali sesikali asidluli ku-0.15mm. Isilinganiso se-carbon egxilile se-crystalline graphite ore endaweni yaseNanjiang eDolobheni laseBazhong singama-5% kuya ku-7%, esiphezulu singama-13%, kanti iningi lezikali ze-graphite lingu->0.15 mm. Isilinganiso se-carbon egxilile se-graphite ore eSifundazweni sase-Aba singama-5% ~ 10%, kanti izikali eziningi ze-graphite zingaphansi kuka-0.15mm.
Isifunda saseShanxi
Isifundazwe saseShanxi sithole imithombo engu-8 yemithombo egciniwe yamakristalu atholakalayo yamaminerali e-graphite ekristalu, asakazeke kakhulu endaweni yaseDatong. Isilinganiso sekhabhoni ehleliwe ediphozithini siphakathi kuka-3% no-4%, kanti iningi lamakali e-graphite lingu->0.15 mm. Ukuhlolwa kokugqoka i-ore kukhombisa ukuthi isivuno esikhulu esihambisanayo singaba ngu-38%, njengemayini ye-graphite eQili Village, eSifundeni saseXinrong, eDatong.
Isifundazwe saseShandong
Izinsiza ze-graphite ezicwebezelayo eSifundazweni saseShandong zisakazwa kakhulu eLaixi, ePingdu naseLaiyang. Izinga elijwayelekile lekhabhoni elungisiwe e-villa eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLai licishe libe ngu-5.18%, kanti ububanzi bamashidi amaningi e-graphite buphakathi kuka-0.1 no-0.4 mm. Izinga elijwayelekile lekhabhoni elungisiwe emayini ye-graphite yaseLiugezhuang eDolobheni lasePingdu licishe libe ngu-3.34%, kanti ububanzi besikali bungaphansi kuka-0.5 mm. Imayini ye-Graphite yasePingdu Yanxin inezinga elijwayelekile lekhabhoni elungisiwe elingu-3.5%, kanti isikali sesikali singaphezulu kuka-0.30mm, esibalelwa ku-8% kuya ku-12%. Ngamafuphi, izinga elijwayelekile lekhabhoni elungisiwe ezimayini ze-graphite eShandong ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-3% no-5%, kanti isilinganiso sezikali >0.15 mm siphakathi kuka-40% kuya ku-60%.
isimo senqubo
Amadiphozithi e-graphite aseShayina anamazinga amahle ezimboni, alungele ukumbiwa phansi, kanti izinga le-graphite elicwebezelayo alingaphansi kuka-3%. Eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, umkhiqizo waminyaka yonke we-graphite waseShayina uphakathi kwamathani angu-60,000 no-800,000, okukhiqizwa kuwo i-graphite ecwebezelayo cishe u-80%.
Kunezinkampani zokucubungula i-graphite ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane eShayina, futhi imikhiqizo iyimikhiqizo yamaminerali e-graphite njenge-graphite enekhabhoni ephakathi nendawo nephezulu, i-graphite emsulwa kakhulu kanye ne-graphite ecolekileyo, kanye nezinto ze-graphite ezinwetshiwe kanye nekhabhoni. Uhlobo lwebhizinisi luphethwe kakhulu nguhulumeni, olusatshalaliswa kakhulu eShandong, Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang nakwezinye izindawo. Ibhizinisi lezimayini ze-graphite eliphethwe nguhulumeni linesisekelo esiqinile kanye nezinzuzo ezibalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinsizakusebenza.
I-Graphite isetshenziswa kabanzi ensimbi, e-metallurgy, e-foundry, emishinini yemishini, embonini yamakhemikhali nakwezinye izindawo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, amandla okusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha ze-graphite ezimbonini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengamandla amasha, imboni yenuzi, ulwazi lwe-elekthronikhi, izindiza kanye nokuzivikela kuhlolwa kancane kancane, futhi kubhekwa njengomthombo obalulekile odingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezisafufusa. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-graphite yaseShayina isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni ezingaphili, izinto eziphonswayo, izivalo, i-graphite ekhethekile kanye neminye imikhakha, phakathi kwayo izinto ezingaphili kanye nezinto eziphonswayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.
Njengoba imboni entsha yamandla iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, isidingo se-graphite sizoqhubeka nokukhula esikhathini esizayo.
Isibikezelo sesidingo se-graphite saseShayina ngo-2020
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-25-2019