Kupita patsogolo ndi kusanthula zachuma pakupanga kwa haidrojeni pogwiritsa ntchito electrolysis ya ma oxide olimba

Kupita patsogolo ndi kusanthula zachuma pakupanga kwa haidrojeni pogwiritsa ntchito electrolysis ya ma oxide olimba

Electrolyzer ya oxide yolimba (SOE) imagwiritsa ntchito nthunzi yamadzi yotentha kwambiri (600 ~ 900°C) pa electrolysis, yomwe ndi yothandiza kwambiri kuposa electrolyzer ya alkaline ndi electrolyzer ya PEM. M'zaka za m'ma 1960, United States ndi Germany zinayamba kuchita kafukufuku pa nthunzi yamadzi yotentha kwambiri ya SOE. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya electrolyzer ya SOE ikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 4. Hydrogen yobwezeretsedwanso ndi nthunzi yamadzi imalowa mu reaction system kuchokera ku anode. Nthunzi yamadzi imasinthidwa kukhala hydrogen pa cathode. O2 yopangidwa ndi cathode imayenda kudzera mu electrolyte yolimba kupita ku anode, komwe imalumikizananso kuti ipange mpweya ndikutulutsa ma elekitironi.

Mosiyana ndi maselo a electrolytic a alkaline ndi proton exchange membrane, electrode ya SOE imagwira ntchito ndi nthunzi ya madzi ndipo ikukumana ndi vuto lokulitsa malo olumikizirana pakati pa electrode ndi nthunzi ya madzi. Chifukwa chake, electrode ya SOE nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kapangidwe ka ma porous. Cholinga cha electrolysis ya nthunzi ya madzi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndikuchepetsa mtengo wogwirira ntchito wa electrolysis yamadzi yamadzi wamba. Ndipotu, ngakhale kuti mphamvu yonse yofunikira pakuwonongeka kwa madzi imawonjezeka pang'ono kutentha kukakwera, mphamvu yamagetsi imachepa kwambiri. Pamene kutentha kwa electrolytic kumawonjezeka, gawo la mphamvu yofunikira limaperekedwa ngati kutentha. SOE imatha kupanga haidrojeni pamaso pa gwero lotentha kwambiri. Popeza ma reactor a nyukiliya ozizira ndi mpweya wotentha kwambiri amatha kutenthedwa mpaka 950°C, mphamvu ya nyukiliya ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero la mphamvu ya SOE. Nthawi yomweyo, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti mphamvu yongowonjezwdwanso monga mphamvu ya geothermal ilinso ndi mphamvu ngati gwero lotentha la electrolysis ya nthunzi. Kugwira ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu kumatha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri ndikuwonjezera liwiro la reaction, komanso kumakumana ndi vuto la kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kutseka kwa zinthu. Kuphatikiza apo, mpweya wopangidwa ndi cathode ndi wosakaniza wa hydrogen, womwe umafunika kulekanitsidwa kwambiri ndikuyeretsedwa, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo poyerekeza ndi electrolysis yamadzimadzi wamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito zoumba zoyendetsera proton, monga strontium zirconate, kumachepetsa mtengo wa SOE. Strontium zirconate imasonyeza bwino kwambiri proton conductivity pa pafupifupi 700°C, ndipo imathandiza kuti cathode ipange hydrogen yoyera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizo cha electrolysis cha nthunzi chikhale chosavuta.

Yan et al. [6] adanenanso kuti chubu cha zirconia ceramic chokhazikika ndi calcium oxide chinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati SOE yothandizira, pamwamba pake panali povered ndi lanthanum perovskite yopyapyala (yosakwana 0.25mm) yokhala ndi porous lanthanum perovskite ngati anode, ndi calcium oxide cermet yokhazikika ya Ni/Y2O3 ngati cathode. Pa 1000°C, 0.4A/cm2 ndi 39.3W input power, mphamvu yopanga hydrogen ya unit ndi 17.6NL/h. Choyipa cha SOE ndi overvoltage yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha kutayika kwakukulu kwa ohm komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri pakati pa maselo, komanso kuchuluka kwa overvoltage chifukwa cha zofooka za mayendedwe a nthunzi. M'zaka zaposachedwa, maselo a planar electrolytic akoka chidwi chachikulu [7-8]. Mosiyana ndi maselo a tubular, maselo athyathyathya amapangitsa kupanga kukhala kocheperako komanso kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito opanga hydrogen [6]. Pakadali pano, cholepheretsa chachikulu pakugwiritsa ntchito SOE m'mafakitale ndi kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali kwa selo la electrolytic [8], ndipo mavuto a ukalamba ndi kuletsa kwa ma electrode angayambitsidwe.