Kupanga kompyuta ya quantum yomwe imatha kuthetsa mavuto, omwe makompyuta akale amatha kuthetsa ndi khama lalikulu kapena osachitapo kalikonse—ichi ndi cholinga chomwe chikutsatiridwa ndi magulu ofufuza padziko lonse lapansi omwe akuchulukirachulukira. Chifukwa chake: Zotsatira za Quantum, zomwe zimachokera ku dziko la tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kapangidwe kake, zimathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo watsopano. Otchedwa ma superconductor, omwe amalola kukonza chidziwitso ndi zizindikiro motsatira malamulo a quantum mechanics, amaonedwa kuti ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri pakukwaniritsa makompyuta a quantum. Komabe, mfundo yokakamira ya superconducting nanostructures, ndikuti amagwira ntchito pokhapokha kutentha kochepa kwambiri ndipo motero ndizovuta kubweretsa mu ntchito zothandiza. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });
Ofufuza ku Yunivesite ya Münster ndi Forschungszentrum Jülich tsopano, kwa nthawi yoyamba, awonetsa zomwe zimadziwika kuti kuchuluka kwa mphamvu mu ma nanowaya opangidwa ndi ma superconductors otentha kwambiri—monga ma superconductors, momwe kutentha kumakwera pansi pomwe zotsatira za quantum mechanical zimakhala zazikulu. Kenako nanowaya wowongolera mphamvu umangoganiza kuti mphamvu zokhazo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubisa chidziwitso. Mu ma superconductors otentha kwambiri, ofufuzawo adatha kuwona koyamba kuyamwa kwa photon imodzi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timathandiza kutumiza chidziwitso.
"Kumbali imodzi, zotsatira zathu zitha kuthandiza kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wozizira wosavuta kwambiri muukadaulo wa quantum mtsogolo, ndipo kumbali ina, zimatipatsa chidziwitso chatsopano kwambiri pa njira zomwe zimalamulira maiko opanga zinthu zambiri komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito, zomwe sizikumvekabe," akugogomezera mtsogoleri wa kafukufukuyu Jun. Pulofesa Carsten Schuck wochokera ku Institute of Physics ku Münster University. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira zake zingakhale zofunikira pakukula kwa mitundu yatsopano yaukadaulo wamakompyuta. Kafukufukuyu wafalitsidwa mu magazini ya Nature Communications.
Asayansiwa adagwiritsa ntchito ma superconductors opangidwa ndi zinthu monga yttrium, barium, copper oxide ndi oxygen, kapena YBCO mwachidule, omwe adapanga mawaya ochepa a nanometer. Pamene mapangidwe awa achita mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimatchedwa 'phase slips' zimachitika. Pankhani ya ma nanowaya a YBCO, kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yonyamula mphamvu kumayambitsa kusintha kwa mphamvu ya supercurrent. Ofufuzawa adafufuza momwe ma nanowaya amagwirira ntchito pa kutentha kotsika kuposa 20 Kelvin, komwe kumafanana ndi minus 253 degrees Celsius. Kuphatikiza ndi kuwerengera kwa chitsanzo, adawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zili mu nanowaya. Kutentha komwe mawaya amalowa mu quantum state kunapezeka pa 12 mpaka 13 Kelvin - kutentha kokwera kambiri kuposa kutentha komwe kumafunikira pazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Izi zidathandiza asayansi kupanga ma resonators, mwachitsanzo machitidwe osinthasintha olumikizidwa ku ma frequency enaake, okhala ndi moyo wautali kwambiri komanso kusunga ma quantum mechanical states kwa nthawi yayitali. Ichi ndi chofunikira pakukula kwa nthawi yayitali kwa makompyuta akuluakulu a quantum.
Zina mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa ukadaulo wa quantum, komanso mwina pochiza matenda, ndi zozindikira zomwe zimatha kulemba ngakhale ma photon amodzi. Gulu lofufuza la Carsten Schuck ku Münster University lakhala likugwira ntchito kwa zaka zingapo popanga zozindikira za single-photon zotere pogwiritsa ntchito ma superconductors. Zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino kutentha kochepa, asayansi padziko lonse lapansi akhala akuyesera kukwaniritsa ndi ma superconductors otentha kwambiri kwa zaka zoposa khumi. Mu ma nanowaya a YBCO omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kafukufukuyu, kuyesaku kwapambana tsopano kwakhala koyamba. "Zomwe tapeza zatsopano zikutsegulira njira mafotokozedwe atsopano a chiphunzitso komanso chitukuko chaukadaulo," akutero wolemba mnzake Martin Wolff wochokera ku gulu lofufuza la Schuck.
Dziwani kuti akonzi athu amatsatira mosamala ndemanga iliyonse yotumizidwa ndipo adzachitapo kanthu koyenera. Malingaliro anu ndi ofunikira kwa ife.
Imelo yanu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pongodziwitsa wolandirayo amene watumiza imeloyo. Adilesi yanu kapena ya wolandirayo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zina. Chidziwitso chomwe mwalemba chidzawonekera mu imelo yanu ndipo sichidzasungidwa ndi Phys.org mwanjira iliyonse.
Landirani zosintha za mlungu uliwonse ndi/kapena za tsiku ndi tsiku ku imelo yanu. Mutha kuletsa kulembetsa nthawi iliyonse ndipo sitidzagawana zambiri zanu ndi anthu ena.
Tsambali limagwiritsa ntchito ma cookies kuti likuthandizeni kuyenda, kusanthula momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito mautumiki athu, komanso kupereka zinthu kuchokera kwa anthu ena. Pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba lathu, mukuvomereza kuti mwawerenga ndikumvetsa Ndondomeko Yathu Yachinsinsi ndi Migwirizano Yogwiritsira Ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-07-2020