Kugadzirwa kwekombuta yequantum inogona kugadzirisa matambudziko, ayo makombuta ekare anogona kugadzirisa nekushanda nesimba kana kusaita zvachose—ichi ndicho chinangwa chiri kutsvagwa nechikwata chevatsvagiri chiri kuramba chichikura pasi rose. Chikonzero: Quantum effects, iyo inobva munyika yezvimedu zvidiki uye maumbirwo, inogonesa mashandisirwo mazhinji matsva etekinoroji. Anonzi ma superconductors, ayo anobvumira kugadzirisa ruzivo nemasaini zvichienderana nemitemo ye quantum mechanics, anoonekwa sezvikamu zvinovimbisa zvekugadzira makombuta equantum. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha pa superconducting nanostructures, zvisinei, ndechekuti anoshanda chete patembiricha yakaderera uye saka zvakaoma kuunza mumashandisirwo anoshanda. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });
Vaongorori vepaYunivhesiti yeMünster neForschungszentrum Jülich ikozvino, kekutanga, vakaratidza izvo zvinozivikanwa se energy quantization mu nanowires dzakagadzirwa ne high-temperature superconductors—kureva ma superconductors, umo tembiricha inokwidziridzwa pasi peiyo quantum mechanical effects inonyanya kupararira. Superconducting nanowire inobva yatora mamiriro esimba akasarudzwa chete anogona kushandiswa kunyora ruzivo. Mu high-temperature superconductors, vaongorori vakakwanisawo kuona kekutanga kutorwa kwe photon imwe chete, chidimbu chechiedza chinoshanda kutumira ruzivo.
"Kune rumwe rutivi, zvatakawana zvinogona kubatsira pakushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekutonhodza iri nyore zvikuru mumatekinoroji equantum mune ramangwana, uye kune rumwe rutivi, zvinotipa ruzivo rutsva nezvemaitiro anotonga mamiriro e superconducting uye mashandiro awo, ayo asati anzwisiswa," anosimbisa mutungamiriri wekudzidza Jun. Prof. Carsten Schuck kubva kuInstitute of Physics paMünster University. Saka mhedzisiro yacho inogona kunge yakakosha pakukura kwemhando itsva dzetekinoroji yemakombiyuta. Chidzidzo ichi chakaburitswa mujenari reNature Communications.
Masayendisiti akashandisa masuperconductor akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinonzi yttrium, barium, copper oxide ne oxygen, kana kuti YBCO muchidimbu, izvo zvavakagadzira waya shoma dze nanometer dzakatetepa. Kana zvivakwa izvi zvichiita magetsi emagetsi anonzi 'phase slips' anoitika. Panyaya ye YBCO nanowires, kuchinja kwehuwandu hwechaja kunokonzera kusiyana kwe supercurrent. Vaongorori vakaongorora maitiro ari mu nanowires patembiricha iri pasi pe20 Kelvin, iyo inoenderana ne minus 253 degrees Celsius. Pamwe chete nekuverenga kwemuenzaniso, vakaratidza huwandu hwesimba mu nanowires. Tembiricha iyo waya dzakapinda mu quantum state yakawanikwa pa12 kusvika 13 Kelvin—tembiricha yakapetwa kazana kupfuura tembiricha inodiwa pazvinhu zvinowanzo shandiswa. Izvi zvakabvumira masayendisiti kugadzira resonators, kureva masisitimu anotenderera akagadzirirwa ma frequency chaiwo, ane hupenyu hwakareba uye kuchengetedza quantum mechanical states kwenguva yakareba. Ichi chinhu chinodiwa kuti makombiyuta e quantum arambe achikura kwenguva refu.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha pakuvandudza matekinoroji equantum, asi zvingangove zvekuongorora zvekurapa, ma detector anogona kunyoresa kunyange ma photon rimwe chete. Boka rekutsvagisa raCarsten Schuck paMünster University rave richishanda kwemakore akati wandei pakugadzira ma detector akadaro e single-photon akavakirwa pa superconductors. Izvo zvinotoshanda zvakanaka patembiricha yakaderera, masayendisiti pasi rese anga achiedza kuzviita ne superconductors dzekupisa kwakanyanya kwemakore anopfuura gumi. Mu YBCO nanowires dzakashandiswa pakudzidza, kuedza uku kwabudirira kekutanga. "Zvatakawana zvitsva zvinovhura nzira yekutsanangurwa kwedzidziso itsva dzinogoneka kuyedzwa uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji," anodaro mumwe munyori Martin Wolff weboka rekutsvagisa raSchuck.
Munogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti vanyori vedu vanoongorora zvakanyanya mhinduro dzese dzinotumirwa uye vachatora matanho akakodzera. Maonero enyu akakosha kwatiri.
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Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-07-2020