Uphuhliso lwekhompyutha ye-quantum enokusombulula iingxaki, ezinokusombululwa ziikhompyutha zakudala kuphela ngomzamo omkhulu okanye zingasombululwa konke konke—le yinjongo elandelwa ngoku linani elikhulayo lamaqela ophando kwihlabathi liphela. Isizathu: Iziphumo ze-Quantum, ezivela kwihlabathi lamasuntswana amancinci kunye nezakhiwo, zivumela usetyenziso oluninzi olutsha lwetekhnoloji. Ezibizwa ngokuba zii-superconductors, ezivumela ukucutshungulwa kolwazi kunye nemiqondiso ngokwemithetho ye-quantum mechanics, zithathwa njengezinto ezithembisayo zokufezekisa iikhompyutha ze-quantum. Ingongoma enamathelayo ye-superconducting nanostructures, nangona kunjalo, kukuba zisebenza kuphela kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu kwaye ke ngoko kunzima ukuzisebenzisa kwizicelo ezisebenzayo. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });
Abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseMünster naseForschungszentrum Jülich ngoku, okokuqala ngqa, babonise oko kwaziwa ngokuba yi-energy quantization kwii-nanowires ezenziwe ngee-superconductors zobushushu obuphezulu—oko kukuthi ii-superconductors, apho ubushushu buphezulu ngaphantsi apho iziphumo ze-quantum mechanical ziphambili khona. I-nanowire eqhuba i-superconducting emva koko ithatha kuphela iimeko zamandla ezikhethiweyo ezinokusetyenziselwa ukufaka ikhowudi yolwazi. Kwii-superconductors zobushushu obuphezulu, abaphandi bakwazile nokubona okokuqala ukufunxwa kwe-photon enye, isuntswana elikhanyayo elisebenza ukudlulisa ulwazi.
“Kwelinye icala, iziphumo zethu zinokuba negalelo ekusetyenzisweni kwetekhnoloji yokupholisa elula kakhulu kwitekhnoloji ye-quantum kwixesha elizayo, kwaye kwelinye icala, zisinika ulwazi olutsha ngokupheleleyo kwiinkqubo ezilawula amazwe aqhuba i-superconducting kunye ne-dynamics yawo, ezingekaqondwa,” ugxininisa inkokeli yophando uJun. Prof. Carsten Schuck ovela kwi-Institute of Physics kwiYunivesithi yaseMünster. Iziphumo zinokuba zibalulekile kuphuhliso lweentlobo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha. Olu phononongo lupapashwe kwijenali i-Nature Communications.
Izazinzulu zisebenzise ii-superconductors ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-yttrium, i-barium, i-copper oxide kunye ne-oxygen, okanye i-YBCO ngamafutshane, apho zenze khona iintambo ezimbalwa ezincinci ze-nanometer. Xa ezi zakhiwo ziqhuba i-electrical current physical dynamics ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'phase slips' ziyenzeka. Kwimeko yee-nanowires ze-YBCO, ukuguquguquka koxinano lwe-charge carrier kubangela utshintsho kwi-supercurrent. Abaphandi baphande iinkqubo kwii-nanowires kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-20 Kelvin, ahambelana ne-minus 253 degrees Celsius. Ngokudibene nokubalwa kwemodeli, babonise ubungakanani beemeko zamandla kwii-nanowires. Ubushushu apho iintambo zingene khona kwimeko ye-quantum bufunyenwe kwi-12 ukuya kwi-13 Kelvin—ubushushu obuphindwe kalikhulu kunobushushu obufunekayo kwizinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo. Oku kwenza izazinzulu zikwazi ukuvelisa ii-resonators, oko kukuthi iinkqubo ezijikelezayo ezilungelelaniswe kwiifrikhwensi ezithile, ezinobomi obude kakhulu kunye nokugcina iimeko ze-quantum mechanical ixesha elide. Oku kuyimfuneko yophuhliso lwexesha elide lweekhompyutha ze-quantum ezinkulu.
Ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwetekhnoloji ye-quantum, kodwa mhlawumbi nakwizifo zonyango, zizixhobo zokufumanisa ezinokubhalisa ne-single-photons. Iqela lophando likaCarsten Schuck kwiYunivesithi yaseMünster belisebenza iminyaka eliqela ekuphuhliseni ezi zixhobo zokufumanisa i-single-photon ezisekelwe kwi-superconductors. Oko sele kusebenza kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, izazinzulu kwihlabathi liphela bezizama ukukufeza ngee-superconductors zobushushu obuphezulu kangangeminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Kwii-nanowires ze-YBCO ezisetyenzisiweyo kolu phando, olu mzamo ngoku luphumelele okokuqala. "Iziphumo zethu ezintsha zivula indlela yeenkcazo ezintsha zethiyori ezinokuqinisekiswa ngovavanyo kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji," utshilo umbhali-mbhali uMartin Wolff weqela lophando lweSchuck.
Ungaqiniseka ukuba abahleli bethu bajonga ngokusondeleyo yonke ingxelo ethunyelwayo kwaye baza kuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo. Izimvo zakho zibalulekile kuthi.
Idilesi yakho ye-imeyile isetyenziselwa kuphela ukwazisa umamkeli ukuba ngubani othumele i-imeyile. Idilesi yakho okanye idilesi kamamkeli ayizukusetyenziselwa nayiphi na enye injongo. Ulwazi olufakileyo luya kuvela kwimiyalezo yakho ye-imeyile kwaye alugcinwa yiPhys.org nangayiphi na indlela.
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Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-07-2020