Ikoranabuhanga rya Quantum: Ubumenyi bushya ku mikorere ya superconducting

Iterambere rya mudasobwa ya quantum ishobora gukemura ibibazo, mudasobwa za kera zishobora gukemura gusa hakoreshejwe imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa zitabikemura na gato—iyi ni yo ntego iri gukurikizwa n'itsinda ry'abashakashatsi rikomeje kwiyongera ku isi. Impamvu: Ingaruka za quantum, zikomoka ku isi y'uduce duto n'imiterere, zituma habaho porogaramu nyinshi nshya z'ikoranabuhanga. Ibyo bita superconductors, byemerera gutunganya amakuru n'ibimenyetso hakurikijwe amategeko ya quantum mechanics, bifatwa nk'ibice bitanga icyizere mu gukora mudasobwa za quantum. Ikintu gikomeye cyo gukora superconducting nanostructures, ariko, ni uko bikora gusa ku bushyuhe buri hasi cyane bityo bikaba bigoye kubishyira mu bikorwa. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });

Abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Münster na Forschungszentrum Jülich ubu, ku nshuro ya mbere, bagaragaje icyo bita quantization y'ingufu mu nsinga ntoya zikozwe muri superconductors zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi—ni ukuvuga superconductors, aho ubushyuhe buri hejuru y’aho ingaruka za quantum mechanical ziba ziganje. Hanyuma superconductors zifata gusa imiterere y'ingufu zatoranijwe zishobora gukoreshwa mu gusesengura amakuru. Muri superconductors zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, abashakashatsi banashoboye kwitegereza ku nshuro ya mbere uburyo photon imwe, agace k'urumuri gafasha mu kohereza amakuru.

“Ku ruhande rumwe, ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bishobora kugira uruhare mu ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga ryoroshye cyane ryo gukonjesha mu ikoranabuhanga rya quantum mu gihe kizaza, kandi ku rundi ruhande, biduha ubumenyi bushya ku mikorere igenga imiterere ya superconducting n’imikorere yayo, itarasobanuka,” ibi ni ibyashimangiwe n’umuyobozi w’ubushakashatsi Jun. Porofeseri Carsten Schuck wo mu Kigo cya Fiziki muri Kaminuza ya Münster. Ku bw’ibyo, ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bishobora kuba ingenzi mu iterambere ry’ubwoko bushya bw’ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa. Ubu bushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature Communications.

Abahanga mu bya siyansi bakoresheje superconductors zikozwe mu bintu byitwa yttrium, barium, umuringa oxyde na ogisijeni, cyangwa YBCO mu magambo ahinnye, aho bakoze insinga nke zoroheje za nanometer. Iyo izi nyubako zikora imikorere y'amashanyarazi yitwa 'phase slips'. Ku bijyanye n'insinga za nano za YBCO, ihindagurika ry'ubucucike bw'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ritera ihinduka ry'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Abashakashatsi bakoze ubushakashatsi ku mikorere ya nanowires ku bushyuhe buri munsi ya 20 Kelvin, bingana na dogere selisiyusi 253. Bafatanyije n'ibarura ry'icyitegererezo, bagaragaje igipimo cy'imiterere y'ingufu muri nanowires. Ubushyuhe insinga zinjiyemo muri quantum bwabonetse kuri 12 kugeza kuri 13 Kelvin - ubushyuhe buruta inshuro amagana ubushyuhe busabwa ku bikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa. Ibi byatumye abahanga mu bya siyansi bakora resonators, ni ukuvuga sisitemu zizunguruka zihujwe n'imirongo yihariye, zifite igihe kirekire kandi zigakomeza imiterere ya quantum mechanical igihe kirekire. Iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kugira ngo mudasobwa nini za quantum zirusheho gutera imbere mu gihe kirekire.

Ibindi bintu by'ingenzi mu iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya quantum, ariko bishobora no gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma indwara, ni ibikoresho bishobora kwandika ndetse na fotoni imwe. Itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi rya Carsten Schuck muri Kaminuza ya Münster rimaze imyaka myinshi rikora mu guteza imbere ibyo bikoresho bipima fotoni imwe bishingiye ku bikoresho bipima. Icyo abahanga mu bya siyansi hirya no hino ku isi bamaze imyaka irenga icumi bagerageza kugeraho bakoresheje ibikoresho bipima fotoni bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi. Muri nanowires za YBCO zakoreshejwe muri ubwo bushakashatsi, ubu buryo bwagize icyo bugeraho ku nshuro ya mbere. "Ibyavumbuwe bishya byacu bitanga inzira y'ibisobanuro bishya by'imitekerereze n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga," nk'uko bivugwa n'umwanditsi wungirije Martin Wolff wo mu itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi rya Schuck.

Mushobora kwizera ko abanditsi bacu bakurikiranira hafi ibitekerezo byose byoherejwe kandi bazagira icyo bakora. Ibitekerezo byanyu ni ingenzi kuri twe.

Aderesi imeri yawe ikoreshwa gusa kugira ngo umenyeshe uwayiguze ubutumwa. Aderesi yawe cyangwa aderesi y'uwayiguze nta kindi kizakoreshwa. Amakuru wanditse azagaragara mu butumwa bwawe bwa imeri kandi Phys.org nta buryo na bumwe ibivugaho.

Kubona amakuru mashya ya buri cyumweru cyangwa ya buri munsi mu gasanduku kawe k'ubutumwa. Ushobora kwiyambura igihe icyo ari cyo cyose kandi ntabwo tuzasangiza abandi bantu amakuru yawe.

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