Kabhoni/kabhoni yakasanganiswa (C/C yakasanganiswa) chinhu chakagadzirwa necarbon fiber uye carbon matrix. Hunhu hwayo hunoratidza kuti yakagadzirwa necarbon fiber, uko network yecarbon fiber inoshanda sechimiro chekuvaka, nepo carbon matrix inoumbwa ne pyrolytic carbon kana resin carbonization inoshanda sekuzadza, ichiwana chisungo chakasimba uye chakasimba padanho re microscopic.
Chinyorwa chekutanga chinozivikanwa chezvinhu izvi chinotangira pakuwanikwa kwacho netsaona murabhoritari yekuUS muna 1958. Maitiro ekugadzira zvinhu izvi akashanduka kuburikidza nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji senge chemical vapor deposition (CVD) uye liquid phase impregnation, zvichizvisimbisa sebazi rakakosha rezvinhu zvemazuva ano zvinopisa zvakanyanya. Chaizvoizvo, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nekabhoni/kabhoni zvinowana chimiro chakasiyana chinosanganisa hunhu hwakareruka nesimba rakawanda nekubatanidza kabhoni fibers uye kusimbisa kabhoni matrix, zvichipa mhinduro itsva kune nharaunda dzakanyanya.
Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nekabhoni/kabhoni zvinoratidza hunhu hwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichiita kuti zvisatsiviwe munzvimbo dzakaoma. Chekutanga, huwandu hwazvo hunobva pa1.5 kusvika 2.0 g/cm³, pasi pechikamu chimwe muzvina chezvipfeko zve superalloys zvakagadzirwa ne nickel, asi zvinowana kuvandudzwa kukuru mukusimba uye kuomarara kwacho.
Zvinoshamisa kuti, mashandiro avo ekupisa akasiyanawo: anoramba akasimba pakuvaka pamusoro pe1,650°C, aine muganho wepamusoro we2,600-3,500°C, zvichiita kuti ive yega midziyo yekuvaka inodziya zvakanyanya inokwanisa kushanda pakupisa kunopfuura 3,000°C.
Pachishandiswa tembiricha, chinhu ichi chinoratidza kuwedzera kwekupisa kwakaderera (<1×10⁻⁶/°C) uye kuramba kupisa kwakasimba, zvichideredza kutsemuka kana kupisa kwakakurumidza kana kutonhodza. Pachishandiswa tembiricha, simba rayo rekuchinjika rinokwira netembiricha, zvichipfuura kushanda kwetembiricha yemukamuri pa2,000°C.
Pamusoro pezvo, ine simba rekupisa rakawanda (200 W/m·K pamwe chete nefiber direction), ine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwetribological (friction coefficient ye0.2-0.4), uye kugadzikana kwakanyanya. Musanganiswa uyu wezvinhu unovimbisa kushanda kwakasimba mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, kusanganisira kupisa kwakanyanya, mitoro yakawanda, uye ngura yakasimba, zvichiisa hwaro hwekushandiswa kwekubudirira mundege, simba rinogona kuvandudzwa, uye mimwe minda yemazuva ano.
Nekuda kwehunhu hwavo hwakasiyana,zvinhu zvinosanganisa kabhoni/kabhonivakawana mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana.
Ndege
Muchikamu chezvemuchadenga, zvinhu zvinosanganiswa nekabhoni/kabhoni ndizvo zvinonyanya kusarudzwa pakushandisa zvinhu zvinopisa zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, maroketi, mabhera eturbine muinjini dzendege, uye masisitimu ekudzivirira kupisa emotokari dzinopinda mundege dzese dzinoshandisa zvinhu izvi. Kusapisa kwakanyanya uye hunhu hwadzo hwakareruka zvinoita kuti dzive dzakanakira zvitundumuseremusere nendege.
Indasitiri yeMotokari
Nekuwedzera kwekuda kwekushandisa mafuta zvakanaka uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza mumotokari, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nekabhoni/kabhoni zvapinda muindasitiri yemotokari, kunyanya mumitambo yekumhanya. Simba rayo guru uye hunhu hwayo hwakareruka zvinoderedza huremu hwemotokari, zvichiwedzera kukurumidza uye kubata. Madhisiki emabhureki ekabhoni/kabhoni anoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mumotokari dzemhando yepamusoro nemotokari dzemujaho.
Indasitiri yeMetallurgical
Mukugadzira simbi, zvinhu zvinosanganisa kabhoni/kabhoni zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumidziyo yemoto inopisa uye masisitimu ekunyungudutsa. Kudzivirira kwavo kupisa nengura kunoita kuti kushanda kwavo kugadzikane munzvimbo dzakaoma, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zvinyunguduke zvakanaka.
Zvemagetsi & Simba
Kufambiswa kwemagetsi kwemakemikari ecarbon/carbon kunoita kuti ashandiswe mumagetsi. Semuenzaniso, mune zvimwe zvikamu zvemagetsi zvine simba guru, zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira kupisa kunopisa zvakanaka, nokudaro zvichivandudza kugadzikana kwekushanda uye hupenyu hwebasa.
Pamusoro pezvo, mashandisirwo ayo ari kuramba achikura mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakaita sekugadzira minda yekupisa ye semiconductor wafer, manuclear reactor neutron moderators, uye mishonga yekugadzira mapfupa ekurapa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti saizi yemusika wepasi rose ichapfuura mabhiriyoni gumi nemanomwe eyuan panosvika gore ra2025.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-30-2025