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Eli phepha lihlalutya imakethi yekhabhoni esebenzayo yangoku, lenza uhlalutyo olunzulu lwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwikhabhoni esebenzayo, lazisa iindlela zokuchonga ubume be-pore structure, iindlela zemveliso, izinto ezinefuthe kunye nenkqubela phambili yesicelo sekhabhoni esebenzayo, kwaye liphonononge iziphumo zophando lwetekhnoloji yokwenza ngcono ubume be-pore carbon esebenzayo, ejolise ekukhuthazeni i-activated carbon ukuba idlale indima enkulu ekusetyenzisweni kobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphantsi kwekhabhoni.
Ukulungiswa kwekhabhoni esebenzayo
Ngokubanzi, ukulungiswa kwekhabhoni esebenzayo kwahlulwe ngamanqanaba amabini: ukwenziwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokusebenza kwayo
Inkqubo yokwenza i-carbonization
Ukwenziwa kwekhabhoni kubhekisa kwinkqubo yokufudumeza amalahle aluhlaza kubushushu obuphezulu phantsi kokhuselo lwegesi engasebenziyo ukuze kubole izinto zayo eziguquguqukayo kwaye kufumaneke iimveliso zekhabhoni eziphakathi. Ukwenziwa kwekhabhoni kunokufezekisa injongo elindelekileyo ngokulungisa iiparameter zenkqubo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ubushushu bokusebenza buyiparameter ephambili yenkqubo echaphazela iipropati zekhabhoni. UJie Qiang nabanye bafunde isiphumo sesantya sokufudumeza sekhabhoni ekusebenzeni kwekhabhoni esebenzayo kwisithando somlilo esithambileyo kwaye bafumanisa ukuba izinga eliphantsi linceda ukuphucula isivuno sezinto ezikhabhoni kwaye bavelise izinto ezisemgangathweni ophezulu.
Inkqubo yokuvula
Ukwenziwa kwekhabhoni kungenza izinto eziluhlaza zenze isakhiwo se-microcrystalline esifana ne-graphite kwaye zivelise isakhiwo se-pore ephambili. Nangona kunjalo, ezi pores ziyaphazamiseka okanye zivalwe kwaye zivalwe zezinye izinto, nto leyo ebangela indawo encinci yomphezulu kwaye ifuna ukusebenza ngakumbi. Ukwenziwa kwekhabhoni yinkqubo yokutyebisa ngakumbi isakhiwo se-pore semveliso yekhabhoni, eyenziwa ikakhulu ngempendulo yeekhemikhali phakathi kwe-activator kunye nezinto eziluhlaza: inokukhuthaza ukwakheka kwesakhiwo se-microcrystalline esineembobo.
Ukusebenza kuhamba ikakhulu ngamanqanaba amathathu kwinkqubo yokutyebisa iimbobo zezinto:
(1) Ukuvula iimbobo zokuqala ezivaliweyo (ngeembobo);
(2) Ukwandisa iimbobo zokuqala (ukwandiswa kweembobo);
(3) Ukudala iimbobo ezintsha (ukwenziwa kweembobo);
Ezi ziphumo zintathu azenziwanga zodwa, kodwa zenzeka ngaxeshanye nangokusebenzisana. Ngokubanzi, ngokusebenzisa ii-pores kunye nokudalwa kwee-pore kuyanceda ekwandiseni inani lee-pores, ingakumbi ii-micropores, eziluncedo ekulungiseleleni izinto ezinee-porous ezininzi kunye nommandla omkhulu womphezulu, ngelixa ukwanda kwee-pore ezininzi kuya kubangela ukuba ii-pores zihlangane kwaye ziqhagamshelane, ziguqule ii-micropores zibe zii-pores ezinkulu. Ke ngoko, ukuze kufunyanwe izinto ze-carbon ezisebenza kunye nee-pores eziphuhlisiweyo kunye nommandla omkhulu womphezulu, kuyimfuneko ukuphepha ukusebenza kakhulu. Iindlela ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zokusebenzisa i-activated carbon ziquka indlela yekhemikhali, indlela ye-physical kunye nendlela ye-physicochemical.
Indlela yokuvuselela iikhemikhali
Indlela yokusebenzisa iikhemikhali ibhekisa kwindlela yokongeza iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwiimveliso eziluhlaza, uze uzifudumeze ngokungenisa iigesi ezikhuselayo ezifana ne-N2 kunye ne-Ar kwisithando sokufudumala ukuze zifakwe i-carbonize kwaye zisebenze ngaxeshanye. Iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa rhoqo yi-NaOH, KOH kunye ne-H3P04. Indlela yokusebenzisa iikhemikhali ineengenelo zobushushu obuphantsi kunye nesivuno esiphezulu, kodwa ikwanazo neengxaki ezifana nokugqwala okukhulu, ubunzima bokususa iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kumphezulu kunye nongcoliseko olukhulu lokusingqongileyo.
Indlela yokusebenza ebonakalayo
Indlela yokusebenza ngokomzimba ibhekisa ekufakeni i-carbonize kwi-oven ngqo, ize emva koko iphendule ngeegesi ezifana ne-CO2 kunye ne-H20 ezifakwe kubushushu obuphezulu ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokwandisa ii-pores kunye nokwandisa ii-pores, kodwa indlela yokusebenza ngokomzimba ayinalawulo olulungileyo lwesakhiwo se-pore. Phakathi kwazo, i-CO2 isetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseleleni i-activated carbon kuba icocekile, kulula ukuyifumana kwaye ixabisa kancinci. Sebenzisa igobolondo lekhokhonathi elikhazimlisiweyo njengezinto eziluhlaza kwaye uyisebenze nge-CO2 ukulungiselela i-activated carbon ene-micropores eziphuhlisiweyo, enommandla othile womphezulu kunye nomthamo we-pore iyonke we-1653m2·g-1 kunye ne-0.1045cm3·g-1, ngokulandelelana. Ukusebenza kufikelele kumgangatho wokusetyenziswa kwe-activated carbon kwi-capacitors ezinee-double-layer.
Sebenzisa ilitye le-loquat nge-CO2 ukulungiselela ikhabhoni esebenzayo kakhulu, emva kokusebenza kwi-1100℃ imizuzu engama-30, indawo ethile yomphezulu kunye nomthamo we-pore iyonke ufikelele kwi-3500m2·g-1 kunye ne-1.84cm3·g-1, ngokulandelanayo. Sebenzisa i-CO2 ukwenza ukusebenza kwesibini kwikhabhoni esebenzayo yekhokhonathi yentengiso. Emva kokusebenza, ii-micropores zemveliso egqityiweyo zancitshiswa, umthamo we-micropores wanda ukusuka kwi-0.21 cm3·g-1 ukuya kwi-0.27 cm3·g-1, indawo ethile yomphezulu yanda ukusuka kwi-627.22 m2·g-1 ukuya kwi-822.71 m2·g-1, kwaye amandla okufunxa e-phenol anda nge-23.77%.
Ezinye iingcali ziye zafunda izinto eziphambili zolawulo lwenkqubo yokuqalisa ukusebenza kwe-CO2. UMohammad et al. [21] bafumanise ukuba ubushushu yeyona nto iphambili echaphazelayo xa i-CO2 isetyenziselwa ukwenza uthuli lwerabha lusebenze. Indawo ethile yomphezulu, umthamo we-pore kunye ne-microporosity yemveliso egqityiweyo yanda kuqala yaze yehla ngobushushu obukhulayo. UCheng Song et al. [22] basebenzise indlela yokuphendula kumphezulu ukuhlalutya inkqubo yokuqalisa ukusebenza kwe-CO2 yamaqokobhe e-macadamia nut. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ubushushu bokusebenza kunye nexesha lokuqalisa zinempembelelo enkulu kuphuhliso lwee-micropores ze-carbon ezisebenzayo.
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-27-2024