Ezinhlelweni zamandla kagesi ezihlala zishintsha,i-graphite feltivelele njengento esetshenziswa kakhulu esuselwa kukhabhoni, enezici ezihlukile zesakhiwo, zikagesi, nezamakhemikhali. Nakuba kungezona zonke izakhiwo zamaseli kaphethiloli ezisebenzisa i-graphite felt emhlabeni wonke, indima yayo—ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zamaseli kaphethiloli athuthukile kanye nezinhlelo zamaseli kaphethiloli ahlanganisiwe—iye yadonsela ukunaka konjiniyela kanye nabaklami bezinhlelo abazinikele ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kwamaseli kaphethiloli kokubili emazingeni ezinto zokwakha kanye nezinqubo.
I. Izici eziyisisekelo ze-Graphite felt
Ngokombono wesayensi yezinto zokwakha, i-graphite felt iyinethiwekhi enezimbobo ezintathu eyakhiwe ngemicu yekhabhoni ehlanganisiwe, evame ukutholakala ku-polyacrylonitrile (PAN) noma kuma-precursors e-pitch futhi efakwe i-graphit emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Lesi sakhiwo sinikeza i-graphite felt ngezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ze-electrochemical:
● Ukuqhuba kukagesi okuphezulu: ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwama-electron
● Ubuningi obunezimbobo (>90%): kwenza kube lula ukungena kwegesi noma uketshezi
● Ukumelana nokugqwala okunamandla: okuvumelana nezimo ezi-acidic/oxidative (isb., ama-PEMFC)
● Ukuqina okuhle kokucindezelwa: okufaka isandla ekuzinzeni kokuxhumana
● Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: kufanelekile ezinhlelweni ze-electrochemical ezishisa kakhulu
II. Indima Ye-Graphite Felt Kumaseli Ahlukene Kaphethiloli
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphite felt kubuchwepheshe be-fuel cell kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokwakhiwa kwesistimu.
1. Amabhethri Okugeleza (isb., amabhethri okugeleza kwe-vanadium redox) – Izinto Eziyinhloko Ze-Electrode
Ezinhlelweni ze-electrochemical zesigaba soketshezi – ikakhulukazi amabhethri okugeleza, avame ukuxoxwa ngawo kanye nobuchwepheshe be-fuel cell ngenxa yezimiso zawo ezifanayo ze-electrochemical – i-graphite felt isetshenziswa njengento eyinhloko ye-electrode. Indawo yayo ephezulu yobuso kanye nesakhiwo sayo esinezimbobo ezixhumene kunikeza izindawo eziningi ezisebenzayo zokusabela kwe-redox ngenkathi kukhuthaza ukugeleza kwe-electrolyte. Izinqubo zokuguqulwa kobuso ezifana nokusebenza kokushisa noma i-oxidation zivame ukusetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukumanzisa kwayo kanye nomsebenzi we-catalytic, okuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kohlelo kanye nokuqina komjikelezo.
2. Kumaseli Kaphethiloli e-PEM (Amaseli Kaphethiloli E-Proton Exchange Membrane) – Ukusabalalisa Okungeziwe/Izinto Zokusekela
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezinhlelweni ze-proton exchange membrane (PEM), i-graphite felt ayiyona inketho evamile yengqimba yokusabalala kwegesi (GDL). Iphepha lekhabhoni noma indwangu yekhabhoni iyabusa ngenxa yokulinganisela kwayo okuhle ekuqhubeni, ukuqina kwemishini, kanye nokukhiqizwa. Kodwa-ke, i-graphite felt ithole izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukile kwezinye izilungiselelo ze-PEM ezikhethekile, ikakhulukazi lapho kudingeka ukuphathwa kwamanzi okuthuthukisiwe noma ukusatshalaliswa kwegesi. Ukusabalala kwayo okuphezulu kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kokudlulisa ubuningi ngaphansi komswakama ophezulu noma izimo ezivame umswakama, kodwa lokhu kwethula ukuguquguquka kokumelana kokuxhumana kanye nokuzinza kokucindezela, okumele kuxazululwe ngokulawulwa kwe-stack kanye nengcindezi okuklanywe ngokucophelela.
3. Kumaseli Kaphethiloli Asezingeni Eliphezulu (ama-SOFC, njll.) – I-Auxiliary Conductive/Sealing Buffer
Ezinhlelweni zokushisa okuphezulu (isb., ama-electrolyzer e-oxide eqinile), i-graphite felt ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa njengengxenye eyinhloko ye-electrochemical ngenxa yokubusa kwezinto zobumba kuma-electrode kanye ne-electrolyte. Kodwa-ke, ingasebenza imisebenzi yokusiza, okuhlanganisa ukubhafa okuqhubayo, ukusekela ukuvala, noma ukwamukela ukwanda kokushisa emishinini yokusiza noma ezindaweni ezihlanganayo. Nakuba lezi zindima zingesesibili, zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kanye nobuqotho bomshini ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezimbi kakhulu.
III. Isifinyezo Sezindima Ezibalulekile Kubuchwepheshe Be-Fuel Cell
Ngokombono wobunjiniyela bezinqubo, inani le-graphite felt lisekhonweni layo lokuhlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi ngaphakathi kwento eyodwa. Isakhiwo sayo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu sivumela ukwakheka kwezindawo zokuhlangana ze-electrochemical ezandisiwe, okwandisa ngempumelelo indawo yokusabela esebenzayo ngaphandle kokwandisa kakhulu umkhondo wesistimu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inegalelo ekusakazweni koketshezi okufanayo, inciphisa ama-gradient okuhlushwa kanye nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-polarization okuhambisana nemikhawulo yokudlulisa isisindo. Ukuhlanganiswa okufanele kwe-graphite felt kwenza kube lula ukwakheka kwenethiwekhi eqhubekayo yokuqhuba, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu iyonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, idlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono imishini kanye nokuhlanganiswa. Ukucindezelwa okungokwemvelo kanye nokuqina kwe-graphite ezwakalayo kuyivumela ukuthi ivumelane nokubekezelelana kokukhiqiza futhi igcine ukuxhumana okuzinzile kwe-interfacial ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlanganisa. Lesi sici sinenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ze-modular noma ezinkulu, njengoba ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kubalulekile ukuze kusebenze kahle.
IV. Kungani Ukhetha Amandla E-VET?
Emkhakheni wamaseli kaphethiloli kanye nezicelo ze-electrochemical ezihambisana nokushisa okuphezulu, i-VET Energy, isebenzisa ulwazi lwayo oluqhubekayo lokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D kanye nobunjiniyela ezintweni ezisekelwe ku-carbon, yakhe uhlelo lomkhiqizo oluphelele lwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-graphite felt kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisa izimo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezenzelwe kahle izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli kaphethiloli. Izixazululo zezinto ze-VET Energy zisetshenziswe kabanzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe, kufaka phakathi amaseli kaphethiloli we-proton exchange membrane kanye namaseli kaphethiloli e-solid oxide, futhi zikhulisiwe futhi zaqinisekiswa ezinhlelweni ezinwetshiwe ezifana namabhethri okugeleza. Uma uhlola amandla okusebenzisa wei-graphite feltkanye nezinto zekhabhoni ezihlobene ezinhlelweni ze-electrochemical, noma ufisa ukuthuthukisa izinqubo kanye nokusebenza okukhona, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi ukuze kuxoxwe futhi kubanjiswane ukuze kukhuthazwe ngokubambisana ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-fuel cell yesizukulwane esilandelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-03-2026