Zvinhu zvemunda wekupisa zvakanyanya: Zvinhu zvinosanganiswa zveC/C

Zvinhu zvinosanganiswa nekabhoni-kabhonimhando ye carbon fiber composites, ine carbon fiber sechinhu chinosimbisa uye carbon yakaiswa sechinhu che matrix. Matrix yeZvinhu zvinosanganiswa neC/C icarbon. Sezvo inenge yakaumbwa nekabhoni yemhando yepamusoro, ine simba rekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye inogara nhaka hunhu hwakasimba hwekabhoni fiber. Yakamboshandiswa muindasitiri yekudzivirira kare.

Nzvimbo dzekushandisa:

Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa zveC/Cdziri pakati pecheni yemaindasitiri, uye kumusoro kunosanganisira kugadzira kabhoni fiber ne preform, uye minda yekushandisa iri pasi yakafara.Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa zveC/CAnonyanya kushandiswa sezvinhu zvisingapise kupisa, zvinhu zvinokweshana, uye zvinhu zvinoshanda zvine simba remakanika. Anoshandiswa mundege (rocket nozzle throat linings, zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa uye zvikamu zvekupisa zveinjini), zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa (high-speed rail, aircraft brake discs), photovoltaic thermal fields (insulation barrels, crucibles, guide tubes nezvimwe zvinhu), biological bodies (artificial bones) nedzimwe nzvimbo. Parizvino, zvinhu zvemumbaZvinhu zvakasanganiswa zveC/CMakambani anonyanya kutarisa pane chinongedzo chimwe chete chezvinhu zvakasanganiswa uye anosvika kune divi repamusoro re preform.

Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa neC/C zvine mashandiro akanaka kwazvo, zvine density yakaderera, simba rakasiyana, modulus yakasiyana, conductivity yakasiyana, low thermal expansion coefficient, good fracture simplicity, oppear resistance, ablation resistance, nezvimwewo. Zvikuru, kusiyana nezvimwe zvinhu, simba reC/C composite materials harizodziki asi rinogona kuwedzera nekuwedzera kwekupisa. Chinhu chakanaka kwazvo chinodzivirira kupisa, saka chakatanga kugadzirwa mumaindasitiri mumarocket throat liners.

Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa neC/C zvinogara nhaka hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika uye hunhu hwekugadzirisa hwecarbon fiber, uye zvine hunhu hwekupisa uye ngura hwegraphite, uye zvave kukwikwidzana kwakasimba kwezvigadzirwa zvegraphite. Kunyanya mumunda wekushandisa une simba rakawanda - simba rekupisa re photovoltaic, kushanda zvakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa neC/C kuri kuwedzera kuzivikanwa pasi pema silicon wafers makuru, uye zvave kudiwa kwakasimba. Kusiyana neizvi, graphite yave chinhu chinowedzera kune zvinhu zvakagadzirwa neC/C nekuda kwekushomeka kwekugadzira kune divi rekugovera.

Kushandiswa kwemunda wekupisa we photovoltaic:

Munda wekupisa ndiwo hurongwa hwese hwekuchengetedza kukura kwe monocrystalline silicon kana kugadzirwa kwe polycrystalline silicon ingots patembiricha yakati. Unotamba basa guru mukuchena, kufanana uye humwe hunhu hwe monocrystalline silicon ne polycrystalline silicon, uye ndewepamberi peindasitiri yekugadzira crystalline silicon. Munda wekupisa unogona kukamurwa kuita thermal field system ye monocrystalline silicon single crystal pulling furnace uye thermal field system ye polycrystalline ingot furnace zvichienderana nerudzi rwechigadzirwa. Sezvo monocrystalline silicon cells iine kushanduka kwakanyanya kupfuura polycrystalline silicon cells, musika we monocrystalline silicon wafers unoramba uchikwira, nepo musika we polycrystalline silicon wafers munyika yangu wave uchidzikira gore negore, kubva pa32.5% muna 2019 kusvika pa9.3% muna 2020. Nokudaro, vagadziri ve thermal field vanoshandisa nzira ye thermal field technology ye single crystal pulling furnaces.

Mufananidzo 2: Nzvimbo yekupisa muketani yeindasitiri yekugadzira silicon yekristaro

Munda wekupisa une zvikamu zvinopfuura gumi nezviviri, uye zvikamu zvina zvepakati zvinoti crucible, guide tube, insulation cylinder, uye heater. Zvikamu zvakasiyana zvine zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvehunhu hwezvinhu. Mufananidzo uri pazasi idhayagiramu ye thermal field ye single crystal silicon. Crucible, guide tube, uye insulation cylinder zvikamu zve structure ye thermal field system. Basa razvo guru nderekutsigira thermal field yese yepamusoro-soro, uye zvine zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvekuwanda, simba, uye thermal conductivity. Heater chinhu chinodziya zvakananga mumunda wekupisa. Basa rayo nderekupa simba rekupisa. Kazhinji inodzivirira, saka ine zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zve resistivity yezvinhu.