Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoresha ubushyuhe: Ibikoresho bivanze bya C/C

Ibikoresho bya karuboni na karubonini ubwoko bw'ibinyabutabire bya fibre ya karuboni, hamwe na fibre ya karuboni nk'ibikoresho byo gushimangira naho karuboni ikabitswe nk'ibikoresho bya matrix. Matrix yaIbikoresho bya C/C ni karuboniKubera ko hafi ya yose igizwe na karuboni y’ibanze, ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi iragwa imiterere ikomeye ya fibre ya karuboni. Yashyizwe mu nganda mu rwego rwo kurinda mbere.

Ahantu ho gukorerwa:

Ibikoresho bivanze bya C/Cziherereye hagati mu ruhererekane rw'inganda, kandi hejuru harimo fibre ya karuboni n'inganda zikora mbere y'uko zikoreshwa, kandi imirima yo hasi ikoreshwamo ni migari.Ibikoresho bivanze bya C/CBikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'ibikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe, ibikoresho byo gushwanyagurika, n'ibikoresho bikora neza cyane. Bikoreshwa mu kirere (imiyoboro y'umuhogo ya roketi, ibikoresho birinda ubushyuhe n'ibice by'imiterere y'ubushyuhe bwa moteri), ibikoresho bya feri (inzira y'umuvuduko mwinshi, disiki za feri z'indege), ikirere cy'ubushyuhe bwa photovoltaic (imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe, imiyoboro y'amazi, imiyoboro y'ubuyobozi n'ibindi bice), imibiri y'ibinyabuzima (amagufwa y'ubukorano) n'ibindi bice. Kuri ubu, mu rugoIbikoresho bivanze bya C/CIbigo byibanda cyane cyane ku isano imwe y’ibikoresho bivanze kandi bikagera ku cyerekezo cyo hejuru cya preform.

Ibikoresho bya C/C bifite imikorere myiza cyane, bifite ubucucike buke, imbaraga nyinshi, modulus nyinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushobozi buke bwo kwaguka kw'ubushyuhe, gukomera neza kw'ivunika, kudashira, kudashira kw'ingufu, nibindi. By'umwihariko, bitandukanye n'ibindi bikoresho, imbaraga z'ibikoresho bya C/C ntabwo zizagabanuka ahubwo zishobora kwiyongera uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera. Ni ibikoresho byiza birwanya ubushyuhe, bityo byabanje kuba inganda mu miyoboro ya rocket throat.

Ibikoresho bya C/C bivangwa n’ibintu bivanze kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibintu bya fibre ya karuboni, kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya ingese nk’ibya grafiti, kandi byahindutse umuhiganwa ukomeye w’ibicuruzwa bya grafiti. Cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho bikoreshwa bifite ingufu nyinshi - ingufu zikomoka ku bushyuhe bwa photovoltaic, uburyo ibikoresho bya C/C bivangwa n’ibintu bivanze burimo kugaragara cyane mu bikoresho binini bya silicon wafers, kandi byabaye ikintu gikenewe cyane. Ahubwo, grafiti yabaye inyongera ku bikoresho bya C/C bivangwa n’ibintu bivanze bitewe n’ubushobozi buke bwo kubitunganya ku ruhande rw’ibitangwa.

Uburyo bwo gukoresha ikirere gishyuha hakoreshejwe photovoltaic:

Ubushyuhe ni bwo buryo bwose bwo kubungabunga iterambere rya silicon imwe ikoresheje kristalo cyangwa gukora ingots za silicon za polycrystalline ku bushyuhe runaka. Bugira uruhare runini mu gutungana, guhuza n'ibindi byiza bya silicon imwe ikoresheje kristalo na silicon ya polycrystalline, kandi ni ubw'inganda zikora silicon ya crystalline. Ubushyuhe bushobora kugabanywamo sisitemu y'ubushyuhe ya monocrystalline silicon imwe ikoresha kristalo imwe n'ubushyuhe bwa silicon ya polycrystalline ingot hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa. Kubera ko uturemangingo twa silicon twa monocrystalline dufite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu kurusha uturemangingo twa silicon twa polycrystalline, isoko rya wafers za silicon za monocrystalline rikomeje kwiyongera, mu gihe isoko rya wafers za silicon za polycrystalline mu gihugu cyanjye ryagiye rigabanuka uko umwaka utashye, kuva kuri 32.5% mu 2019 kugera kuri 9.3% mu 2020. Kubwibyo, abakora thermal field bakoresha cyane cyane uburyo bw'ikoranabuhanga ry'ubushyuhe bwa tanura imwe ikoresha kristalo imwe.

Ishusho ya 2: Ubushyuhe mu ruhererekane rw'inganda zikora silikoni

Umurima w'ubushyuhe ugizwe n'ibice birenga icumi na bibiri, kandi ibice bine by'ingenzi ni icyuma gishyushya, umuyoboro w'ubuyobozi, silindiri yo gushyushya, n'icyuma gishyushya. Ibice bitandukanye bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye ku miterere y'ibikoresho. Ishusho iri hepfo ni imbonerahamwe y'umurima w'ubushyuhe wa silikoni imwe ya kristu. Igikoresho gishyushya, umuyoboro w'ubuyobozi, na silindiri yo gushyushya ni ibice by'imiterere y'umurima w'ubushyuhe. Inshingano zabyo z'ingenzi ni ugushyigikira umurima wose w'ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi bifite ibisabwa byinshi ku bucucike, imbaraga, no kuyobora ubushyuhe. Igikoresho gishyushya ni ikintu gishyushya mu murima w'ubushyuhe. Inshingano yacyo ni ugutanga ingufu z'ubushyuhe. Muri rusange kirarwanya, bityo gifite ibisabwa byinshi ku muramba w'ibikoresho.