Kev tsim cov hydrogen hauv nuclear feem ntau suav tias yog txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov hydrogen loj, tab sis nws zoo li maj mam nce qib. Yog li, kev tsim cov hydrogen hauv nuclear yog dab tsi?
Kev tsim cov hydrogen nuclear, uas yog, nuclear reactor ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem tsim hydrogen siab heev, rau kev tsim cov hydrogen ntau. Kev tsim hydrogen los ntawm lub zog nuclear muaj qhov zoo ntawm tsis muaj cov pa roj av, dej ua cov khoom siv raw, ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab loj, yog li nws yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb rau kev muab hydrogen loj yav tom ntej. Raws li IAEA kwv yees, lub reactor me me 250MW tuaj yeem tsim tau 50 tons ntawm hydrogen ib hnub siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear kub siab.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim hydrogen hauv lub zog nuclear yog siv cov cua sov tsim los ntawm nuclear reactor ua lub zog rau kev tsim hydrogen, thiab kom ua tiav kev tsim hydrogen zoo thiab loj los ntawm kev xaiv cov thev naus laus zis tsim nyog. Thiab txo lossis tshem tawm cov pa roj av uas ua rau lub ntiaj teb sov. Daim duab qhia txog kev tsim hydrogen los ntawm lub zog nuclear tau qhia hauv daim duab.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los hloov lub zog nuclear mus rau hauv lub zog hydrogen, suav nrog dej ua cov khoom siv raw los ntawm electrolysis, thermochemical cycle, kub siab electrolysis hydrogen ntau lawm, hydrogen sulfide ua cov khoom siv raw cracking hydrogen ntau lawm, roj av, thee, biomass ua cov khoom siv raw pyrolysis hydrogen ntau lawm, thiab lwm yam. Thaum siv dej ua cov khoom siv raw, tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim hydrogen tsis tsim CO₂, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov pa roj av; Kev tsim hydrogen los ntawm lwm qhov chaw tsuas yog txo cov pa roj carbon. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv dej electrolysis nuclear tsuas yog kev sib xyaw ua ke yooj yim ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob nuclear thiab electrolysis ib txwm muaj, uas tseem yog ib feem ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob nuclear thiab feem ntau tsis suav tias yog cov thev naus laus zis tsim hydrogen nuclear tiag tiag. Yog li ntawd, lub voj voog thermochemical nrog dej ua cov khoom siv raw, kev siv tag nrho lossis ib feem ntawm cov cua sov nuclear thiab kub siab electrolysis pa hluav taws xob electrolysis raug suav hais tias yog sawv cev rau yav tom ntej ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tsim hydrogen nuclear.
Tam sim no, muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim hydrogen hauv lub zog nuclear: kev tsim hydrogen hauv dej electrolytic thiab kev tsim hydrogen thermochemical. Cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear muab lub zog hluav taws xob thiab lub zog cua sov rau ob txoj hauv kev tsim hydrogen saum toj no.
Kev siv hluav taws xob los tsim cov hydrogen yog siv lub zog nuclear los tsim hluav taws xob, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm cov khoom siv electrolytic dej los rhuav tshem cov dej mus rau hauv hydrogen. Kev tsim cov hydrogen los ntawm cov dej electrolytic yog ib txoj kev tsim cov hydrogen ncaj qha, tab sis qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov hydrogen ntawm txoj kev no (55% ~ 60%) yog qis, txawm tias cov thev naus laus zis SPE dej electrolysis siab tshaj plaws tau txais yuav hauv Tebchaws Meskas, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm electrolytic tau nce mus txog 90%. Tab sis txij li feem ntau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear tam sim no tsuas yog hloov cov cua sov mus rau hluav taws xob ntawm kwv yees li 35% kev ua tau zoo, qhov ua tau zoo tag nrho ntawm kev tsim cov hydrogen los ntawm cov dej electrolysis hauv lub zog nuclear tsuas yog 30%.
Kev tsim cov hydrogen thermal-chemical yog raws li lub voj voog thermal-chemical, txuas lub nuclear reactor nrog lub voj voog thermal-chemical hydrogen tsim khoom siv, siv qhov kub siab los ntawm lub nuclear reactor ua qhov chaw cua sov, yog li dej catalyzes thermal decomposition ntawm 800 ℃ txog 1000 ℃, yog li tsim hydrogen thiab oxygen. Piv nrog rau kev tsim cov dej electrolytic hydrogen, thermo chemical hydrogen tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua, tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig xav tias yuav ncav cuag ntau dua 50%, tus nqi qis dua.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ob Hlis-28-2023