Gịnị bụ mmepụta hydrogen nuklia?

A na-ewere mmepụta hydrogen nuklia dị ka ụzọ kachasị mma maka mmepụta hydrogen buru ibu, mana o yiri ka ọ na-aga n'ihu nwayọ. Yabụ, gịnị bụ mmepụta hydrogen nuklia?

Mmepụta hydrogen nuklia, ya bụ, reactor nuklia yana usoro mmepụta hydrogen dị elu, maka mmepụta oke hydrogen. Mmepụta hydrogen site na ike nuklia nwere uru nke enweghị gas griinhaus, mmiri dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe, arụmọrụ dị elu na nnukwu nha, yabụ ọ bụ ihe ngwọta dị mkpa maka inye hydrogen nnukwu nha n'ọdịnihu. Dịka atụmatụ IAEA si kwuo, obere reactor 250MW nwere ike imepụta tọn hydrogen 50 kwa ụbọchị site na iji mmeghachi omume nuklia dị elu.

Ụkpụrụ nke mmepụta hydrogen n'ike nuklia bụ iji okpomọkụ nke ihe nrụpụta nuklia na-emepụta dị ka isi iyi ike maka mmepụta hydrogen, na iji mepụta hydrogen dị irè na nnukwu site na ịhọrọ teknụzụ kwesịrị ekwesị. Ma belata ma ọ bụ ọbụna wepụ ikuku gas na-ekupụ n'ime ụlọ. E gosiri eserese eserese nke mmepụta hydrogen site na ike nuklia na eserese ahụ.

E nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ isi gbanwee ike nuklia ka ọ bụrụ ike hydrogen, gụnyere mmiri dị ka ihe eji emepụta site na electrolysis, okirikiri thermochemical, mmepụta hydrogen dị elu na steam electrolysis, hydrogen sulfide dị ka ihe eji emepụta hydrogen, gas eke, kol, biomass dị ka ihe eji emepụta hydrogen pyrolysis, wdg. Mgbe ejiri mmiri mee ihe dị ka ihe eji emepụta hydrogen, usoro mmepụta hydrogen niile anaghị emepụta CO₂, nke nwere ike iwepụ ikuku gas na-apụta n'ime ụlọ; Imepụta hydrogen site na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ na-ebelata ikuku carbon. Na mgbakwunye, iji mmiri electrolysis nuklia bụ naanị ngwakọta dị mfe nke mmepụta ike nuklia na electrolysis ọdịnala, nke ka bụ nke mpaghara mmepụta ike nuklia ma a naghị ewere ya dị ka ezigbo teknụzụ mmepụta hydrogen nuklia. Ya mere, a na-ewere usoro thermochemical na mmiri dị ka ihe eji emepụta hydrogen nuklia n'ọdịnihu, ojiji zuru oke ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke okpomọkụ nuklia na electrolysis steam dị elu dị ka ihe nnọchiteanya n'ọdịnihu nke teknụzụ mmepụta hydrogen nuklia.

Ugbu a, e nwere ụzọ abụọ isi emepụta hydrogen na ike nuklia: mmepụta hydrogen mmiri electrolytic na mmepụta hydrogen thermochemical. Ndị na-emepụta nuklia na-enye ike eletrik na ike okpomọkụ n'otu n'otu maka ụzọ abụọ a dị n'elu nke mmepụta hydrogen.

Electrolysis nke mmiri iji mepụta hydrogen bụ iji ike nuklia emepụta ọkụ eletrik, wee site na ngwaọrụ electrolytic mmiri iji gbazee mmiri ka ọ bụrụ hydrogen. Mmepụta hydrogen site na mmiri electrolytic bụ ụzọ mmepụta hydrogen kpọmkwem, mana arụmọrụ mmepụta hydrogen nke usoro a (55% ~ 60%) dị ala, ọbụlagodi na a nabatara teknụzụ electrolysis mmiri SPE kachasị elu na United States, arụmọrụ electrolytic na-abawanye ruo 90%. Mana ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ike nuklia ugbu a na-agbanwe okpomọkụ ka ọ bụrụ ọkụ eletrik na ihe dị ka 35% arụmọrụ, arụmọrụ ikpeazụ nke mmepụta hydrogen site na electrolysis mmiri na ike nuklia bụ naanị 30%.

Mmepụta hydrogen nke okpomọkụ na kemịkalụ dabere na okirikiri okpomọkụ na kemịkalụ, na-ejikọ reactor nuklia na ngwaọrụ mmepụta hydrogen nke okpomọkụ na kemịkalụ, na-eji okpomọkụ dị elu nke reactor nuklia na-enye dị ka isi iyi okpomọkụ, ka mmiri wee mee ka mmebi okpomọkụ na 800℃ ruo 1000℃, ka o wee mepụta hydrogen na oxygen. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere mmepụta hydrogen nke mmiri electrolytic, arụmọrụ mmepụta hydrogen nke thermo dị elu, a na-atụ anya na arụmọrụ zuru oke ga-eru ihe karịrị 50%, ọnụ ahịa ya dị ala.