Ndi chitukuko chopitilirabe cha dziko lamakono, mphamvu zosasinthika zikuchepa kwambiri, ndipo anthu akufulumira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zomwe zimayimiridwa ndi "mphepo, kuwala, madzi ndi nyukiliya". Poyerekeza ndi magwero ena a mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso, anthu ali ndi ukadaulo wokhwima, wotetezeka komanso wodalirika wogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa. Pakati pawo, makampani opanga ma cell a photovoltaic okhala ndi silicon yoyera kwambiri monga substrate akukula mwachangu kwambiri. Pofika kumapeto kwa 2023, mphamvu yokhazikika ya photovoltaic ya dziko langa yapitilira ma gigawatts 250, ndipo mphamvu yopanga photovoltaic yafika pa 266.3 biliyoni kWh, kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi 30% pachaka, ndipo mphamvu yatsopano yopanga magetsi ndi ma kilowatts 78.42 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 154% pachaka. Pofika kumapeto kwa Juni, mphamvu yokhazikika ya photovoltaic inali pafupifupi ma kilowatts 470 miliyoni, yomwe yapitirira mphamvu yamadzi kukhala gwero lachiwiri lalikulu lamagetsi mdziko langa.
Ngakhale kuti makampani opanga ma photovoltaic akukula mofulumira, makampani atsopano opangira zinthu zomwe akuthandiza akukulanso mofulumira. Zigawo za quartz mongamipiringidzo ya quartzMaboti a quartz, ndi mabotolo a quartz ndi ena mwa iwo, omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga ma photovoltaic. Mwachitsanzo, ma crucible a quartz amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira silicon yosungunuka popanga ndodo za silicon ndi ma ingot a silicon; maboti a quartz, machubu, mabotolo, matanki oyeretsera, ndi zina zotero zimagwira ntchito yothandiza pakufalitsa, kuyeretsa ndi maulalo ena opangira maselo a dzuwa, ndi zina zotero, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu za silicon ndi zoyera komanso zapamwamba.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa zigawo za quartz popanga photovoltaic
Pakupanga ma solar photovoltaic cell, ma silicon wafers amaikidwa pa wafer boat, ndipo boat imayikidwa pa wafer boat yothandizira kufalikira, LPCVD ndi njira zina zotenthetsera, pomwe silicon carbide cantilever paddle ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri lonyamula katundu poyendetsa chothandizira cha boat chonyamula ma silicon wafers kulowa ndi kutuluka mu ng'anjo yotenthetsera. Monga momwe chithunzi chili pansipa, silicon carbide cantilever paddle imatha kutsimikizira kuti wafer ya silicon ndi chubu cha ng'anjo zimakhala zofanana, motero zimapangitsa kuti kufalikira ndi kusuntha zikhale zofanana. Nthawi yomweyo, siiwononga chilengedwe ndipo siiwonongeka kutentha kwambiri, imakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yolimbana ndi kutentha komanso mphamvu yayikulu yonyamula katundu, ndipo yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma cell a photovoltaic.
Chithunzi chojambula cha zigawo zazikulu zokwezera batri
Mu njira yofikira mofewa, bwato lachikhalidwe la quartz ndibwato la waferChithandizo chiyenera kuyikidwa pamodzi ndi chothandizira cha bwato la quartz mu chubu cha quartz mu uvuni wofalitsa. Mu njira iliyonse yofalitsa, chothandizira cha bwato la quartz chodzazidwa ndi ma wafer a silicon chimayikidwa pa paddle ya silicon carbide. Pambuyo poti paddle ya silicon carbide ilowe mu chubu cha quartz, paddle imamira yokha kuti igwetse chothandizira cha bwato la quartz ndi wafer wa silicon, kenako pang'onopang'ono imabwerera ku chiyambi. Pambuyo pa njira iliyonse, chothandizira cha bwato la quartz chiyenera kuchotsedwa kuchopondera cha silicon carbide. Kugwira ntchito mobwerezabwereza kotereku kudzapangitsa kuti chothandizira cha bwato la quartz chizitha kwa nthawi yayitali. Boti la quartz likangothandiza kusweka ndi kusweka, chothandizira chonse cha bwato la quartz chidzagwa pa paddle ya silicon carbide, kenako n’kuwononga ziwalo za quartz, ma wafer a silicon ndi ma paddle a silicon carbide omwe ali pansipa. Paddle ya silicon carbide ndi yokwera mtengo ndipo singakonzedwe. Ngozi ikachitika, idzabweretsa kutayika kwakukulu kwa katundu.
Mu njira ya LPCVD, mavuto omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa sadzachitika kokha, komanso popeza njira ya LPCVD imafuna mpweya wa silane kuti udutse mu silicon wafer, njira yayitali idzapanganso chophimba cha silicon pa chothandizira cha bwato la wafer ndi bwato la wafer. Chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa ma coefficients okulitsa kutentha kwa silicon ndi quartz yokutidwa, chothandizira cha bwato ndi bwato zidzasweka, ndipo nthawi ya moyo idzachepetsedwa kwambiri. Nthawi ya moyo wa maboti wamba a quartz ndi zothandizira za bwato mu njira ya LPCVD nthawi zambiri imakhala miyezi iwiri mpaka itatu yokha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonza zinthu zothandizira bwato kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ndi moyo wa ntchito ya chothandizira bwato kuti mupewe ngozi zotere.
Mwachidule, pamene nthawi yogwirira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi zikuwonjezeka panthawi yopanga maselo a dzuwa, maboti a quartz ndi zinthu zina zimakhala ndi ming'alu yobisika kapena kusweka. Nthawi yogwira ntchito ya maboti a quartz ndi machubu a quartz m'mizere yodziwika bwino yopanga ku China ndi miyezi 3-6, ndipo amafunika kutsekedwa nthawi zonse kuti ayeretsedwe, kukonzedwa, ndikusintha zonyamulira za quartz. Kuphatikiza apo, mchenga wa quartz woyera kwambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira zopangira za quartz pakadali pano uli mu mkhalidwe wochepa wa kupezeka ndi kufunidwa, ndipo mtengo wakhala ukuyenda bwino kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe mwachiwonekere sizingathandize kukonza bwino kupanga komanso phindu lazachuma.
Zoumbaumba za silicon carbide"kuwonekera"
Tsopano, anthu abwera ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kuti chilowe m'malo mwa zinthu zina za quartz - silicon carbide ceramics.
Zida za silicon carbide zili ndi mphamvu yabwino yamakina, kukhazikika kwa kutentha, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana okosijeni, kukana kutentha komanso kukana dzimbiri kwa mankhwala, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo otentha monga zitsulo, makina, mphamvu zatsopano, ndi zipangizo zomangira ndi mankhwala. Kugwira ntchito kwake ndikokwanira kufalitsa maselo a TOPcon popanga photovoltaic, LPCVD (low pressure chemical vapor deposition), PECVD (plasma chemical vapor deposition) ndi maulalo ena a thermal process.
Thandizo la bwato la silicon carbide la LPCVD ndi thandizo la bwato la silicon carbide lowonjezeredwa ndi boron
Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zachikhalidwe za quartz, zothandizira maboti, maboti, ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu za ceramic za silicon carbide zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, kutentha kumakhala kolimba, palibe kusintha kwa kutentha kwambiri, komanso nthawi yogwira ntchito ya zinthu za quartz yoposa nthawi 5, zomwe zingachepetse kwambiri mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito komanso kutayika kwa mphamvu komwe kumachitika chifukwa chokonza ndi nthawi yopuma. Ubwino wa mtengo wake ndi wodziwikiratu, ndipo gwero la zipangizo zopangira ndi lalikulu.
Pakati pawo, reaction sintered silicon carbide (RBSiC) ili ndi kutentha kochepa kwa sintering, mtengo wotsika wopanga, kuchuluka kwa zinthu, komanso kuchepera kwa voliyumu panthawi ya reaction sintering. Ndi yoyenera kwambiri pokonzekera zigawo zazikulu komanso zooneka ngati zovuta. Chifukwa chake, ndiyoyenera kwambiri popanga zinthu zazikulu komanso zovuta monga zothandizira mabwato, mabwato, ma cantilever paddles, machubu a uvuni, ndi zina zotero.
Maboti a silicon carbide waferalinso ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha chitukuko mtsogolo. Mosasamala kanthu za njira ya LPCVD kapena njira yokulitsa boron, moyo wa boti la quartz ndi wochepa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa zinthu za quartz sikugwirizana ndi kwa zinthu za silicon carbide. Chifukwa chake, n'zosavuta kukhala ndi kusiyana pakati pa njira yofananira ndi chogwirira boti la silicon carbide kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bwatolo ligwedezeke kapena kusweka. Boti la silicon carbide limagwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira chinthu chimodzi ndi kukonza konse. Zofunikira zake pakupirira mawonekedwe ake ndi malo ake ndizambiri, ndipo zimagwirizana bwino ndi chogwirira boti la silicon carbide. Kuphatikiza apo, silicon carbide ili ndi mphamvu zambiri, ndipo botilo silingathe kusweka chifukwa cha kugundana kwa anthu kuposa boti la quartz.
Boti la Silicon Carbide Wafer
Chubu cha ng'anjo ndiye gawo lalikulu losamutsa kutentha mu ng'anjo, lomwe limagwira ntchito yotseka ndi kusamutsa kutentha kofanana. Poyerekeza ndi machubu a ng'anjo ya quartz, machubu a ng'anjo ya silicon carbide ali ndi kutentha kwabwino, kutentha kofanana, komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwabwino, ndipo moyo wawo ndi woposa nthawi 5 kuposa machubu a quartz.
Chidule
Kawirikawiri, kaya pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito a chinthu kapena mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito, zinthu za silicon carbide ceramic zili ndi ubwino wambiri kuposa zinthu za quartz m'mbali zina za gawo la maselo a dzuwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za silicon carbide ceramic mumakampani opanga ma photovoltaic kwathandiza kwambiri makampani opanga ma photovoltaic kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira zinthu zothandizira ndikukweza mtundu wa chinthu komanso mpikisano. M'tsogolomu, pogwiritsa ntchito machubu akuluakulu a silicon carbide ng'anjo, maboti a silicon carbide oyeretsedwa kwambiri komanso zothandizira maboti komanso kuchepetsa ndalama mosalekeza, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za silicon carbide ceramic m'maselo a photovoltaic kudzakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a mphamvu yowunikira ndikuchepetsa ndalama zamafakitale popanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic, ndipo kudzakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakukula kwa mphamvu zatsopano za photovoltaic.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-05-2024