Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezwe lanamuhla, amandla angavuseleleki aya ngokuya ephela, futhi umphakathi wesintu uphuthuma kakhulu ukusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo amelwe “umoya, ukukhanya, amanzi kanye ne-nuclear”. Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, abantu banobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe, obuphephile nobuthembekile bokusebenzisa amandla elanga. Phakathi kwabo, imboni yamaseli e-photovoltaic ene-silicon ehlanzekile kakhulu njenge-substrate ithuthuke ngokushesha okukhulu. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, amandla afakiwe e-solar photovoltaic ezweni lami adlule ama-gigawatts angu-250, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kufinyelele ku-266.3 billion kWh, ukwanda okungaba ngu-30% unyaka nonyaka, kanti amandla asanda kufakwa okukhiqizwa kwamandla angama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingu-78.42, ukwanda okungu-154% unyaka nonyaka. Kusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni, amandla afakiwe okukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ayengaba ama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingu-470, okudlule amandla e-hydro ukuze kube umthombo wamandla wesibili ngobukhulu ezweni lami.
Nakuba imboni ye-photovoltaic ithuthuka ngokushesha, imboni yezinto ezintsha ezisekelayo nayo ithuthuka ngokushesha. Izingxenye ze-quartz ezifana ne-izitsha ze-quartz, izikebhe ze-quartz, namabhodlela e-quartz kuphakathi kwazo, kudlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic. Isibonelo, izitsha ze-quartz ezisetshenziswa ukubamba i-silicon encibilikisiwe ekukhiqizweni kwezinduku ze-silicon kanye ne-silicon ingots; izikebhe ze-quartz, amashubhu, amabhodlela, amathangi okuhlanza, njll. zidlala umsebenzi wokuthwala ekusakazweni, ekuhlanzweni nakwezinye izixhumanisi zenqubo ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli elanga, njll., ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa kanye nekhwalithi yezinto ze-silicon.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwezingxenye ze-quartz ekukhiqizeni i-photovoltaic
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza amaseli e-solar photovoltaic, ama-silicon wafer abekwa esikebheni se-wafer, kanti isikebhe sibekwe esisekelweni sesikebhe se-wafer ukuze kusakazwe, i-LPCVD nezinye izinqubo zokushisa, kuyilapho i-silicon carbide cantilever paddle iyingxenye ebalulekile yokulayisha ukuhambisa isisekelo sesikebhe esithwala ama-silicon wafers singene futhi siphume esithandweni sokushisa. Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi, i-silicon carbide cantilever paddle ingaqinisekisa ukugxila kwe-silicon wafer kanye ne-furnace tube, ngaleyo ndlela yenze ukusakazwa kanye nokunyakaza kufane kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ayinakho ukungcola futhi ayiguquki emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, inokumelana okuhle nokushaqeka kokushisa kanye nomthamo omkhulu womthwalo, futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wamaseli e-photovoltaic.
Umdwebo wesimiso wezingxenye zokulayisha ibhethri eziyinhloko
Enqubweni yokusabalala kokufika okuthambile, isikebhe se-quartz sendabuko kanyeisikebhe esithambileUkusekela kudinga ukuhlanganisa i-silicon wafer kanye ne-quartz boat support epayipini le-quartz esithandweni sokusabalalisa. Kuyo yonke inqubo yokusabalalisa, ukwesekwa kwesikebhe se-quartz okugcwele ama-silicon wafers kubekwa ku-silicon carbide paddle. Ngemva kokuba i-silicon carbide paddle ingene ku-quartz tube, i-paddle izika ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze ibeke phansi i-quartz boat support kanye ne-silicon wafer, bese igijima kancane kancane ibuyele endaweni eqale kuyo. Ngemva kwenqubo ngayinye, ukwesekwa kwesikebhe se-quartz kudinga ukususwa ku-i-silicon carbide paddleUkusebenza njalo kuzokwenza ukuthi ukwesekwa kwesikebhe se-quartz kuphele isikhathi eside. Uma isikebhe se-quartz sisekela ukuqhekeka futhi siphuka, lonke ukwesekwa kwesikebhe se-quartz kuzowa epadleni le-silicon carbide, bese kulimaze izingxenye ze-quartz, ama-silicon wafers kanye nama-silicon carbide paddles angezansi. Ipadle le-silicon carbide liyabiza futhi alikwazi ukulungiswa. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, izobangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwempahla.
Enqubweni ye-LPCVD, ngeke nje kuphela kube nezinkinga zokucindezeleka kokushisa okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla, kodwa njengoba inqubo ye-LPCVD idinga igesi ye-silane ukuthi idlule ku-silicon wafer, inqubo yesikhathi eside izokwakha ne-silicon coating ekusekelweni kwesikebhe se-wafer kanye nesikebhe se-wafer. Ngenxa yokungahambisani kwama-coefficients okwandisa ukushisa kwe-silicon ne-quartz ehlanganisiwe, ukwesekwa kwesikebhe kanye nesikebhe kuzoqhekeka, futhi isikhathi sokuphila sizoncishiswa kakhulu. Isikhathi sokuphila kwezikebhe ze-quartz ezivamile kanye nezisekelo zesikebhe enqubweni ye-LPCVD ngokuvamile siyizinyanga ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izinto zokusekela isikebhe ukuze kwandiswe amandla kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo kwesekelo sesikebhe ukuze kugwenywe izingozi ezinjalo.
Ngamafuphi, njengoba isikhathi senqubo kanye nenani lezikhathi landa ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwamaseli elanga, izikebhe ze-quartz nezinye izingxenye zivame ukuba nemifantu efihliwe noma ngisho nokuphuka. Isikhathi sokuphila sezikebhe ze-quartz namashubhu e-quartz emigqeni yokukhiqiza evamile yamanje eShayina cishe izinyanga ezi-3-6, futhi zidinga ukuvalwa njalo ukuze kuhlanzwe, kulungiswe, futhi kushintshwe izithwali ze-quartz. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu esisetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zezingxenye ze-quartz okwamanje sisesimweni sokutholakala nokufunwa okuncane, futhi intengo ibilokhu isebenza ezingeni eliphezulu isikhathi eside, okusobala ukuthi akuhambisani nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nezinzuzo zomnotho.
Izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbide“vela”
Manje, abantu sebeqhamuke nezinto ezisebenza kangcono ukuze zithathe indawo yezingxenye ezithile ze-quartz—izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbide.
I-silicon carbide ceramics inamandla amahle okusebenza, ukuzinza kokushisa, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation, ukumelana nokushaqeka kokushisa kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eshisayo njenge-metallurgy, imishini, amandla amasha, nezinto zokwakha namakhemikhali. Ukusebenza kwayo kwanele futhi ekusabalaleni kwamaseli e-TOPcon ekukhiqizeni i-photovoltaic, i-LPCVD (ukufakwa kwe-vapor yamakhemikhali okucindezelwa okuphansi), i-PECVD (ukufakwa kwe-vapor yamakhemikhali e-plasma) kanye nezinye izixhumanisi zenqubo yokushisa.
ukwesekwa kwesikebhe se-LPCVD se-silicon carbide kanye nokusekelwa kwesikebhe se-silicon carbide esandisiwe se-boron
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ze-quartz zendabuko, izisekelo zesikebhe, izikebhe, kanye nemikhiqizo yeshubhu eyenziwe ngezinto ze-silicon carbide ceramic zinamandla aphezulu, ukuzinza okungcono kokushisa, akukho ukuguquguquka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kanye nokuphila isikhathi esingaphezu kokuphindwe kahlanu kwezinto ze-quartz, okunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokusetshenziswa kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla okubangelwa ukulungiswa kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi. Inzuzo yezindleko isobala, futhi umthombo wezinto zokusetshenziswa ubanzi.
Phakathi kwazo, i-reaction sintered silicon carbide (RBSiC) inokushisa okuphansi kokusinta, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi, ukuqina kwezinto eziphezulu, futhi cishe akukho ukuncishiswa kwevolumu ngesikhathi sokusinta kokusabela. Ifaneleka kakhulu ekulungiseleleni izingxenye zesakhiwo ezinkulu nezinomumo oyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, ifaneleka kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo emikhulu neyinkimbinkimbi njengezisekelo zesikebhe, izikebhe, ama-cantilever paddles, amashubhu esithando, njll.
Izikebhe ze-silicon carbide waferfuthi banamathuba amakhulu entuthuko esikhathini esizayo. Kungakhathaliseki inqubo ye-LPCVD noma inqubo yokwandisa i-boron, impilo yesikebhe se-quartz iphansi kakhulu, futhi i-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa kwezinto ze-quartz ayihambisani neyezinto ze-silicon carbide. Ngakho-ke, kulula ukuba nokuphambuka enkambisweni yokufanisa nesiphathi sesikebhe se-silicon carbide ekushiseni okuphezulu, okuholela esimweni sokunyakazisa isikebhe noma ngisho nokuphula isikebhe. Isikebhe se-silicon carbide sisebenzisa indlela yenqubo yokubumba ingxenye eyodwa kanye nokucubungula okuphelele. Izidingo zaso zokubekezelela ukuma kanye nesikhundla ziphakeme, futhi sibambisana kangcono nesiphathi sesikebhe se-silicon carbide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-silicon carbide inamandla aphezulu, futhi isikebhe cishe asikwazi ukuphuka ngenxa yokushayisana kwabantu kunesikebhe se-quartz.
Isikebhe se-silicon carbide esithambile
Ishubhu lesithando liyisici esiyinhloko sokudlulisa ukushisa kwesithando, esidlala indima ekuvaleni nasekudluliseni ukushisa okufanayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa namashubhu esithando se-quartz, amashubhu esithando se-silicon carbide anomoya omuhle wokushisa, ukushisa okufanayo, kanye nokuzinza okuhle kokushisa, futhi impilo yawo ingaphezu kokuphindwe kahlanu kunemashubhu e-quartz.
Isifinyezo
Ngokuvamile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusebenza kahle komkhiqizo noma izindleko zokusebenzisa, izinto ze-silicon carbide ceramic zinezinzuzo eziningi kunezinto ze-quartz ezicini ezithile zensimu yamaseli elanga. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-silicon carbide ceramic embonini ye-photovoltaic kusize kakhulu izinkampani ze-photovoltaic ukunciphisa izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali zezinto ezisizayo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokuncintisana. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwamashubhu amakhulu esithando se-silicon carbide, izikebhe ze-silicon carbide ezihlanzekile kakhulu kanye nezisekelo zezikebhe kanye nokunciphisa okuqhubekayo kwezindleko, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-silicon carbide ceramic emkhakheni wamaseli e-photovoltaic kuzoba yinto ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla okukhanya kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zemboni emkhakheni wokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, futhi kuzoba nomthelela obalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla amasha e-photovoltaic.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-05-2024