Ngenxa yophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwehlabathi lanamhlanje, amandla angahlaziyekiyo aya ephela, kwaye uluntu lungxamisekile ngakumbi ukusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo amelwe "ngumoya, ukukhanya, amanzi kunye nenyukliya". Xa kuthelekiswa neminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, abantu banobuchwepheshe obuvuthiweyo, obukhuselekileyo nobuthembekileyo bokusebenzisa amandla elanga. Phakathi kwabo, ishishini leeseli ze-photovoltaic eline-silicon ecocekileyo kakhulu njengesiseko sendalo liphuhlile ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, amandla afakelweyo e-photovoltaic yelanga kwilizwe lam adlule kwi-250 gigawatts, kwaye ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kufikelele kwi-266.3 yeebhiliyoni kWh, ukwanda malunga ne-30% ngonyaka, kwaye amandla okuvelisa amandla amatsha ongezelelweyo yi-78.42 yezigidi zee-kilowatts, ukwanda kwe-154% ngonyaka. Ukusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni, amandla afakelweyo okuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic ayemalunga ne-470 yezigidi zee-kilowatts, adlule amandla e-hydro ukuze abe ngumthombo wamandla wesibini ngobukhulu kwilizwe lam.
Ngelixa ishishini le-photovoltaic likhula ngokukhawuleza, ishishini elitsha lezinto ezixhasayo nalo likhula ngokukhawuleza. Izixhobo ze-quartz ezifana neizixhobo zokubethela ze-quartz, izikebhe ze-quartz, kunye neebhotile ze-quartz ziphakathi kwazo, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-photovoltaic. Umzekelo, ii-crucibles ze-quartz zisetyenziselwa ukubamba i-silicon enyibilikisiweyo ekuvelisweni kweentonga ze-silicon kunye nee-silicon ingots; izikebhe ze-quartz, iityhubhu, iibhotile, iitanki zokucoca, njl.njl. zidlala umsebenzi wokuthwala ekusasazekeni, ekucoceni nakwezinye iinkqubo zokudibanisa ekuvelisweni kweeseli zelanga, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ubunyulu kunye nomgangatho wezixhobo ze-silicon.
Izicelo eziphambili zezinto ze-quartz kwimveliso ye-photovoltaic
Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kweeseli ze-solar photovoltaic, ii-silicon wafers zifakwa kwi-wafer boat, kwaye i-boat ifakwa kwi-wafer boat support yokusasaza, i-LPCVD kunye nezinye iinkqubo zobushushu, ngelixa i-silicon carbide cantilever paddle yeyona nto iphambili yokulayisha ukuhambisa inkxaso ye-boat ethwala ii-silicon wafers zingena kwaye ziphuma kwi-furnace yokufudumeza. Njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi, i-silicon carbide cantilever paddle inokuqinisekisa ukuba i-silicon wafer kunye ne-furnace zixinene, ngaloo ndlela zenze ukuba ukusasazeka kunye nokungashukumi kufane ngakumbi. Kwangaxeshanye, ayinangcoliseko kwaye ayiguquguquki kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, inokumelana okuhle nokutsha kobushushu kunye nomthamo omkhulu womthwalo, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo leeseli ze-photovoltaic.
Umzobo wesicwangciso sezinto eziphambili zokulayisha ibhetri
Kwinkqubo yokusasazeka kokufika okuthambileyo, isikhephe se-quartz sendabuko kunyeisikhephe se-waferInkxaso kufuneka ifake i-silicon wafer kunye nenkxaso yenqanawa ye-quartz kwityhubhu ye-quartz kwi-diffusion furnace. Kwinkqubo nganye yokusasazwa, inkxaso yenqanawa ye-quartz egcwele ii-silicon wafers ibekwa kwi-silicon carbide paddle. Emva kokuba i-silicon carbide paddle ingena kwityhubhu ye-quartz, i-paddle izika ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze ibeke phantsi inkxaso yenqanawa ye-quartz kunye ne-silicon wafer, ize ibuyele kancinci kwindawo eqale kuyo. Emva kwenkqubo nganye, inkxaso yenqanawa ye-quartz kufuneka isuswe kwii-paddle ye-silicon carbide. Ukusebenza rhoqo okunjalo kuya kubangela ukuba inkxaso yesikhephe se-quartz iguge ixesha elide. Nje ukuba isikhephe se-quartz sixhase kwaye siqhekeke, yonke inkxaso yesikhephe se-quartz iya kuwa kwi-silicon carbide paddle, ize yonakalise iindawo ze-quartz, ii-silicon wafers kunye nee-silicon carbide paddles ezingezantsi. I-silicon carbide paddle ibiza kakhulu kwaye ayinakulungiswa. Nje ukuba kwenzeke ingozi, iya kubangela ilahleko enkulu yepropathi.
Kwinkqubo ye-LPCVD, akuyi kubakho nje kuphela iingxaki zoxinzelelo lobushushu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, kodwa ekubeni inkqubo ye-LPCVD ifuna igesi ye-silane ukuba idlule kwi-silicon wafer, inkqubo yexesha elide iya kwenza ne-silicon coating kwinkxaso yesikhephe se-wafer nakwi-wafer boat. Ngenxa yokungahambelani kwee-coefficients zokwandiswa kobushushu ze-silicon kunye ne-quartz egqunywe nge-coating, inkxaso yesikhephe kunye nesikhephe ziya kuqhekeka, kwaye ixesha lobomi liya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Ixesha lobomi lezikhephe ze-quartz eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhaso zesikhephe kwinkqubo ye-LPCVD lidla ngokuba ziinyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 kuphela. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphucula izixhobo zenkxaso yesikhephe ukwandisa amandla kunye nobomi benkonzo yenkxaso yesikhephe ukuze kuthintelwe iingozi ezinjalo.
Ngamafutshane, njengoko ixesha lenkqubo kunye nenani lamaxesha lisanda ngexesha lokuveliswa kweeseli zelanga, iinqanawa ze-quartz kunye nezinye izinto zisengozini yokuqhekeka okanye ukuqhekeka. Ixesha lokuphila kweenqanawa ze-quartz kunye neetyhubhu ze-quartz kwimigca yemveliso eqhelekileyo yangoku eTshayina malunga neenyanga ezi-3-6, kwaye kufuneka zivalwe rhoqo ukuze kucocwe, kugcinwe, kwaye kutshintshwe iithwali ze-quartz. Ngaphezu koko, isanti ye-quartz ecocekileyo kakhulu esetyenziswa njengezinto eziluhlaza zezinto ze-quartz okwangoku ikwimeko yokubonelela nokufunwa okuncinci, kwaye ixabiso belisebenza kwinqanaba eliphezulu ixesha elide, nto leyo ngokucacileyo engalunganga ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho.
Iiseramikhi zeSilicon Carbide"Vela"
Ngoku, abantu baye bavelisa izinto ezisebenza ngcono ukuze zithathe indawo yezinye izinto ze-quartz—iiseramikhi ze-silicon carbide.
Iiseramikhi ze-silicon carbide zinamandla amahle oomatshini, uzinzo lobushushu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana ne-oxidation, ukumelana noxinzelelo lobushushu kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kweekhemikhali, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezishushu ezifana ne-metallurgy, oomatshini, amandla amatsha, kunye nezixhobo zokwakha kunye neekhemikhali. Ukusebenza kwayo kwanele ukusasazwa kweeseli ze-TOPcon kwimveliso ye-photovoltaic, i-LPCVD (ukufakwa kwe-chemical vapor pressure ephantsi), i-PECVD (ukufakwa kwe-plasma chemical vapor) kunye nezinye iikhonkco zenkqubo yobushushu.
Inkxaso yesikhephe se-silicon carbide se-LPCVD kunye nenkxaso yesikhephe se-silicon carbide esandisiweyo se-boron
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ze-quartz zemveli, izixhobo zokuxhasa iinqanawa, iinqanawa, kunye neemveliso zeetyhubhu ezenziwe ngezinto ze-silicon carbide ceramic zinamandla aphezulu, zizinzile ngcono kubushushu, aziguquguquki kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kwaye zihlala ixesha elide ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezi-5 kunezo ze-quartz, nto leyo enokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusetyenziswa kunye nokulahleka kwamandla okubangelwa kukugcinwa kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi. Inzuzo yeendleko icacile, kwaye umthombo wezinto eziluhlaza ubanzi.
Phakathi kwazo, i-reaction sintered silicon carbide (RBSiC) inobushushu obuphantsi bokunyibilikisa, iindleko zemveliso eziphantsi, uxinano olukhulu lwezinto, kwaye phantse akukho nciphiso yomthamo ngexesha lokunyibilikisa i-reaction. Ifanelekile ngokukodwa ekulungiseleleni iindawo ezinkulu nezinobume obuntsonkothileyo. Ke ngoko, ifanelekile kakhulu ekuveliseni iimveliso ezinkulu nezintsonkothileyo ezifana nezixhaso zeenqanawa, iinqanawa, iipaddles ze-cantilever, iityhubhu ze-furnace, njl.njl.
Izikhephe ze-silicon carbide esicwebezelayoKananjalo banamathuba amakhulu ophuhliso kwixesha elizayo. Nokuba inkqubo ye-LPCVD okanye inkqubo yokwandiswa kwe-boron injani, ubomi benqanawa ye-quartz buphantsi kakhulu, kwaye i-thermal expansion coefficient yezinto ze-quartz ayihambelani noko kwezixhobo ze-silicon carbide. Ke ngoko, kulula ukuba kubekho ukuphambuka kwinkqubo yokufanisa nesiphathi senqanawa ye-silicon carbide kubushushu obuphezulu, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimeko yokushukumisa isikhephe okanye kwanokusiphula isikhephe. Isikhephe se-silicon carbide sisebenzisa indlela yenkqubo yokubumba kunye nokucubungula ngokubanzi. Iimfuno zaso zokumelana nokuma kunye nendawo ziphezulu, kwaye sisebenzisana ngcono nesiphathi senqanawa ye-silicon carbide. Ukongeza, i-silicon carbide inamandla aphezulu, kwaye isikhephe asinakwenzeka kakhulu ukuba siqhekeke ngenxa yokungqubana kwabantu kunesikhephe se-quartz.
Inqanawa ye-silicon carbide wafer
Ityhubhu yesithando somlilo yeyona nto iphambili ekudluliseleni ubushushu kwesithando somlilo, edlala indima ekuvaleni nasekudluliseleni ubushushu ngokufanayo. Xa kuthelekiswa neetyhubhu zesithando somlilo se-quartz, iityhubhu zesithando somlilo se-silicon carbide zinomoya ofanelekileyo wokushisa, ukufudumeza okufanayo, kunye nozinzo oluhle lobushushu, kwaye ubomi bazo bungaphezulu ngokuphindwe kahlanu kuneetyhubhu ze-quartz.
Isishwankathelo
Ngokubanzi, nokuba ngokwendlela esebenza ngayo imveliso okanye iindleko zokusetyenziswa, izixhobo ze-silicon carbide ceramic zinezibonelelo ezingaphezulu kunezixhobo ze-quartz kwiinkalo ezithile zentsimi yeseli yelanga. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ze-silicon carbide ceramic kwishishini le-photovoltaic kuncede kakhulu iinkampani ze-photovoltaic ukunciphisa iindleko zotyalo-mali lwezinto ezincedisayo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokukhuphisana. Kwixesha elizayo, ngokusetyenziswa okukhulu kweetyhubhu ezinkulu ze-silicon carbide furnace, iinqanawa ze-silicon carbide ezicocekileyo kakhulu kunye neenkxaso zenqanawa kunye nokunciphisa okuqhubekayo kweendleko, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ze-silicon carbide ceramic kwicandelo leeseli ze-photovoltaic kuya kuba yinto ephambili ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwamandla okukhanya kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zoshishino kwicandelo lokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, kwaye kuya kuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwamandla amatsha e-photovoltaic.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-05-2024