Kubera iterambere rikomeje kugaragara mu isi ya none, ingufu zidasubira zirimo kugenda zigabanuka, kandi umuryango w’abantu urushaho kwihutisha gukoresha ingufu zisubira zigaragazwa n’ “umuyaga, urumuri, amazi na kirimbuzi”. Ugereranyije n’izindi ngufu zishobora gusubiramo, abantu bafite ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, ryizewe kandi ryizewe ryo gukoresha ingufu z’izuba. Muri zo, inganda zikora uturemangingo twa photovoltaic zifite silikoni ifite ubwiza bwinshi nk’umubumbe w’ubutaka zateye imbere cyane. Mu mpera za 2023, ubushobozi bwo gukoresha photovoltaic y’izuba mu gihugu cyanjye bwarenze gigawati 250, naho ingufu za photovoltaic zageze kuri miliyari 266.3 kWh, ubwiyongere bwa hafi 30% buri mwaka, kandi ubushobozi bushya bwo gukoresha ingufu ni kilowati miliyoni 78.42, ubwiyongere bwa 154% buri mwaka. Kugeza mu mpera za Kamena, ubushobozi bwo gukoresha photovoltaic bwageze kuri kilowati miliyoni 470, bwarenze ingufu z’amazi bugera ku isoko ya kabiri y’ingufu nini mu gihugu cyanjye.
Nubwo inganda zikora ku zuba ry’amatara zirimo gutera imbere vuba, inganda nshya zikora ibikoresho bizishyigikira nazo zirimo gutera imbere vuba. Ibice bya Quartz nkaibisasu bya quartz, ubwato bwa quartz, n'amacupa ya quartz ni bimwe muri byo, bigira uruhare runini mu ikorwa rya photovoltaic. Urugero, ibikoresho bya quartz bikoreshwa mu kubika silicon ishongeshejwe mu gukora inkoni za silicon n'ingoti za silicon; ubwato bwa quartz, imiyoboro, amacupa, ibigega byo gusukura, nibindi bigira uruhare mu gukwirakwiza, gusukura n'ibindi bikorwa mu ikorwa ry'uturemangingo tw'izuba, nibindi, bigamije kwemeza ko ibikoresho bya silicon ari byiza kandi bifite ireme.
Imikoreshereze y'ingenzi y'ibice bya quartz mu gukora photovoltaic
Mu gikorwa cyo gukora utunyangingo twa fotovoltaic dukoreshwa mu mirasire y'izuba, utunyangingo twa silicon dushyirwa ku bwato bwa wafer, hanyuma ubwato bugashyirwa ku bwato bwa wafer bukoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza, LPCVD n'izindi nzira z'ubushyuhe, mu gihe silicon carbide cantilever paddle ari yo gice cy'ingenzi cyo gutwara ubwato butwara utunyangingo twa silicon mu itanura rishyushya. Nkuko bigaragara ku ishusho iri hepfo, silicon carbide cantilever paddle ishobora kwemeza ko silicon wafer n'umuyoboro w'itanura bifatanye neza, bityo bigatuma gukwirakwiza no gusohora ibintu bingana. Muri icyo gihe, nta mwanda uhumanya kandi ntuhinduka mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ifite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ifite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gutwara ibintu, kandi yakoreshejwe cyane mu bijyanye n'utunyangingo twa fotovoltaic.
Imbonerahamwe y'ibice by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho byo gushyiramo bateri
Mu nzira yo gukwirakwiza ubwato bworoshye bwo kumanuka, ubwato busanzwe bwa quartz naubwato bwo gusigamo amaziInkunga igomba gushyira hamwe icyuma cya silikoni hamwe n'icyuma gishyigikira ubwato bwa quartz mu muyoboro wa quartz mu itanura rikwirakwira. Muri buri gikorwa cyo gukwirakwiza, icyuma gishyigikira ubwato bwa quartz cyuzuyemo icyuma cya silikoni gishyirwa ku muyoboro wa silicon carbide. Nyuma y'uko icyuma cya silikoni carbide kigeze mu muyoboro wa quartz, icyuma gihita cyinjira mu mazi kugira ngo gishyire hasi icyuma gishyigikira ubwato bwa quartz na silicon wafer, hanyuma kigakomeza buhoro buhoro kigaruka aho cyaturutse. Nyuma ya buri gikorwa, icyuma gishyigikira ubwato bwa quartz kigomba gukurwa muagapira ka silikoni ka karubide. Gukoresha ubwo buryo kenshi bizatuma icyuma gikingira ubwato cya quartz gisaza mu gihe kirekire. Iyo icyuma gikingira ubwato cya quartz kimaze kwangirika kikameneka, icyuma cyose gikingira ubwato cya quartz kizagwa ku gice cya silicon carbide, hanyuma kikangiza ibice bya quartz, silicon wafers na silicon carbide paddles ziri hepfo. Silicon carbide paddle irahenze kandi ntishobora gusanwa. Iyo habaye impanuka, izateza igihombo kinini ku mutungo.
Mu buryo bwa LPCVD, ntabwo ibibazo by’ubushyuhe byavuzwe haruguru bizavuka gusa, ahubwo kubera ko uburyo bwa LPCVD busaba gaze ya silane kunyura muri silicon wafer, uburyo bw’igihe kirekire buzakora na silicon coating ku nkunga y’ubwato bwa wafer no ku bwato bwa wafer. Bitewe n’uko imiterere y’ubushyuhe ya silikoni na quartz idahuye, inkunga y’ubwato n’ubwato bizacika, kandi igihe cyo kubaho kizagabanuka cyane. Igihe cyo kubaho cy’ubwato busanzwe bwa quartz n’inkunga y’ubwato muri gahunda ya LPCVD ubusanzwe ni amezi 2 kugeza kuri 3 gusa. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kunoza ibikoresho by’inkunga y’ubwato kugira ngo wongere imbaraga n’igihe cyo gukora cy’inkunga y’ubwato kugira ngo hirindwe impanuka nk’izo.
Muri make, uko igihe n'umubare w'ibikorwa byiyongera mu gihe cyo gukora uturemangingo tw'izuba, ubwato bwa quartz n'ibindi bice by'imashini bikunze kugira imiyoboro ihishe cyangwa ndetse no gucika. Igihe cy'ubuzima bw'ubwato bwa quartz n'imiyoboro ya quartz mu miyoboro isanzwe ikorwa mu Bushinwa ni amezi agera kuri 3-6, kandi bigomba gufungwa buri gihe kugira ngo bisukurwe, bibungabungwe, kandi bisimbuzwe ibikoresho bitwara quartz. Byongeye kandi, umucanga wa quartz ukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo by'imashini za quartz ubu uri mu bihe byo gukenera no gukenerwa bike, kandi igiciro kimaze igihe kinini kigenda ku rwego rwo hejuru, ibyo bikaba bigaragara ko bitanoze umusaruro n'inyungu z'ubukungu.
Ibumba rya karubide rya silikoni"Reka"
Ubu, abantu bavumbuye ibikoresho bifite imikorere myiza yo gusimbuza bimwe mu bice bya quartz - silicon carbide ceramics.
Ibumba rya silicon carbide rifite imbaraga nziza za mekanike, rihamye mu bushyuhe, rirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, rirwanya ogisijeni, rirwanya ubushyuhe n'ubukonje bw'imiti, kandi rikoreshwa cyane mu bintu bishyuha nko mu byuma, imashini, ingufu nshya, n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi n'imiti. Imikorere yaryo irahagije kugira ngo uturemangingo twa TOPcon dukwirakwizwe mu nganda zikora photovoltaic, LPCVD (kugabanya umuvuduko w'ibinyabutabire), PECVD (kugabanya umuvuduko w'ibinyabutabire bya plasma) n'izindi nzira z'ubushyuhe.
Inkunga y'ubwato bwa silicon carbide bwa LPCVD n'inkunga y'ubwato bwa silicon carbide bwagutse bwa boron
Ugereranyije n'ibikoresho gakondo bya quartz, ibikoresho by'ubwato, ubwato, n'ibikomoka ku miyoboro bikozwe mu bikoresho bya silicon carbide ceramic bifite imbaraga nyinshi, ubushyuhe burakomera, nta guhinduka kw'ibintu mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi igihe cyo kubaho cy'ibikoresho bya quartz kikubye inshuro zirenga 5, ibi bishobora kugabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gukoresha no gutakaza ingufu biterwa no kubungabunga no kudakora. Inyungu ku giciro iragaragara, kandi isoko y'ibikoresho fatizo ni nini.
Muri byo, harimo silicon carbide (RBSiC) ifite ubushyuhe buke bwo gukaraba, ikiguzi gito cyo gukora, ubucucike bw'ibikoresho byinshi, kandi nta bunini bugabanuka cyane mu gihe cyo gukaraba. Ikwiriye cyane cyane gutegura ibice binini kandi bifite imiterere igoye. Kubwibyo, ikwiriye cyane mu gukora ibintu binini kandi bigoye nko gushyigikira ubwato, ubwato, amapine y'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa cantilever, imiyoboro y'itanura, nibindi.
Ubwato bwa silicon carbide waferNanone bifite amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere mu gihe kizaza. Nubwo inzira ya LPCVD yaba irihe cyangwa inzira yo kwagura boron, ubuzima bw'ubwato bwa quartz buri hasi cyane, kandi ingano y'ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bya quartz ntabwo ihuye n'iy'ibikoresho bya silicon carbide. Kubwibyo, biroroshye kugira ihinduka mu nzira yo guhuza n'icyuma gifata ubwato cya silicon carbide ku bushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma ubwato bunyeganyega cyangwa bukameneka. Ubwato bwa silicon carbide bukoresha inzira y'imikorere yo gushushanya igice kimwe no gutunganya muri rusange. Ibisabwa ku miterere yabwo n'aho buhagaze ni byinshi, kandi bukorana neza n'icyuma gifata ubwato cya silicon carbide. Byongeye kandi, silicon carbide ifite imbaraga nyinshi, kandi ubwato ntibukunze kwangirika bitewe n'impanuka y'abantu kurusha ubwato bwa quartz.
Ubwato bwa silicon carbide wafer
Umuyoboro w'itanura ni wo utuma ubushyuhe bukwirakwira mu itanura, ukaba ugira uruhare mu gufunga no kohereza ubushyuhe mu buryo bumwe. Ugereranyije n'imiyoboro y'itanura ya quartz, imiyoboro y'itanura ya silicon carbide ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bumwe, kandi ubushyuhe burambye, kandi ubuzima bwayo buruta inshuro zirenga eshanu imiyoboro ya quartz.
Incamake
Muri rusange, haba mu bijyanye n'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa cyangwa ikiguzi cyo kubikoresha, ibikoresho bya silicon carbide ceramic bifite inyungu nyinshi kuruta ibikoresho bya quartz mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'ingufu z'izuba. Gukoresha ibikoresho bya silicon carbide ceramic mu nganda za photovoltaic byafashije cyane ibigo bya photovoltaic kugabanya ikiguzi cy'ishoramari ry'ibikoresho by'inyongera no kunoza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa no guhangana. Mu gihe kizaza, hamwe no gukoresha cyane imiyoboro minini ya silicon carbide tanuru, ubwato bwa silicon carbide busukuye cyane n'inkunga z'ubwato no kugabanya ikiguzi gihoraho, gukoresha ibikoresho bya silicon carbide ceramic mu rwego rwa photovoltaic cells bizaba ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kunoza imikorere y'ingufu z'urumuri no kugabanya ikiguzi cy'inganda mu rwego rwo gutanga ingufu za photovoltaic, kandi bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku iterambere ry'ingufu nshya za photovoltaic.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-05-2024