Pulojekiti yoyamba yosungiramo haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka padziko lonse yafika

Pa Meyi 8, RAG yaku Austria idayambitsa pulojekiti yoyamba yoyesera yosungira haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka padziko lonse lapansi pamalo omwe kale anali malo osungiramo gasi ku Rubensdorf. Ntchito yoyeserayi idzasunga ma cubic metres 1.2 miliyoni a haidrojeni, ofanana ndi 4.2 GWh yamagetsi. Haidrojeni yosungidwayo idzapangidwa ndi selo la 2 MW la proton exchange membrane loperekedwa ndi Cummins, lomwe poyamba lidzagwira ntchito pamunsi kuti lipange haidrojeni yokwanira yosungira. Pambuyo pake pulojekitiyi, selo lidzagwira ntchito mwanjira yosinthasintha kuti lisamutse magetsi ochulukirapo obwezerezedwanso kupita ku gridi.

Monga gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa chuma cha haidrojeni, pulojekiti yoyeserayi iwonetsa kuthekera kwa kusungira haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka kuti isungire mphamvu zanyengo ndikutsegulira njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya haidrojeni pamlingo waukulu. Ngakhale kuti padakali zovuta zambiri zoti tithetse, iyi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri yopita ku dongosolo la mphamvu lokhazikika komanso lopanda mpweya.

Kusungirako haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka nthaka pansi pa nthaka posungira mphamvu ya haidrojeni pamlingo waukulu. Kupanga magetsi kuchokera ku magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ndikupanga haidrojeni, haidrojeni imalowetsedwa m'nyumba za pansi pa nthaka monga mapanga amchere, malo osungira mafuta ndi gasi omwe atha, malo osungiramo madzi ndi mapanga olimba kuti asunge mphamvu ya haidrojeni. Ngati pakufunika, haidrojeni imatha kuchotsedwa m'malo osungiramo haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mpweya, kupanga magetsi kapena zina.

Mphamvu ya haidrojeni ikhoza kusungidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mpweya, madzi, kuyamwa pamwamba, hydride kapena madzi okhala ndi matupi a haidrojeni omwe ali mkati. Komabe, kuti pakhale kugwira ntchito bwino kwa gridi yothandizira ndikukhazikitsa netiweki yabwino kwambiri ya mphamvu ya haidrojeni, kusungira haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka ndiyo njira yokhayo yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakadali pano. Mitundu yosungira haidrojeni pamwamba, monga mapaipi kapena matanki, ili ndi mphamvu yochepa yosungira ndi kutulutsa mphamvu ya masiku ochepa okha. Kusungira haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka kumafunika kuti kupereke mphamvu yosungira pamlingo wa milungu kapena miyezi. Kusungira haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka kumatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zosungira mphamvu kwa miyezi ingapo, kumatha kuchotsedwa kuti kugwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji pakafunika kutero, kapena kungasinthidwe kukhala magetsi.

Komabe, kusungirako haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka kumakumana ndi mavuto angapo:

Choyamba, chitukuko cha ukadaulo chikuchedwa

Pakadali pano, kafukufuku, chitukuko ndi kuwonetsa komwe kukufunika kuti kusungidwe m'minda ya mpweya ndi m'madzi amchere omwe atha ntchito kukuchedwa. Maphunziro ambiri akufunika kuti awone momwe mpweya wachilengedwe wotsalira umakhudzira minda yomwe yatha ntchito, momwe mabakiteriya amagwirira ntchito m'madzi amchere ndi m'minda ya mpweya yomwe yatha ntchito zomwe zingayambitse kuipitsidwa ndi kutayika kwa haidrojeni, komanso momwe kusungidwa kwake kungakhudzire mphamvu ya haidrojeni.

Chachiwiri, nthawi yomanga pulojekitiyi ndi yayitali

Ntchito zosungiramo gasi pansi pa nthaka zimafuna nthawi yomanga yambiri, zaka zisanu mpaka khumi za mapanga amchere ndi malo osungiramo madzi omwe atha, ndi zaka 10 mpaka 12 za malo osungiramo madzi a m'madzi. Pa ntchito zosungiramo haidrojeni, pangakhale nthawi yocheperako.

3. Zochepa chifukwa cha mikhalidwe ya nthaka

Malo okhala ndi mpweya m'deralo ndi omwe amatsimikizira kuthekera kwa malo osungira mpweya pansi pa nthaka. M'madera omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa, haidrojeni imatha kusungidwa pamlingo waukulu ngati chonyamulira madzi kudzera mu njira yosinthira mankhwala, koma mphamvu yosinthira mphamvu imachepanso.

Ngakhale kuti mphamvu ya haidrojeni sinagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha ntchito yake yochepa komanso mtengo wake wokwera, ili ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha chitukuko mtsogolo chifukwa cha gawo lake lofunika kwambiri pakuchotsa mpweya m'magawo osiyanasiyana ofunikira.