Ku ya 8 Gicurasi, RAG yo muri Otirishiya yatangije umushinga wa mbere ku isi wo kubika hydrogen munsi y’ubutaka mu cyahoze ari ububiko bwa gazi i Rubensdorf. Uyu mushinga w’igerageza uzabika metero kibe miliyoni 1.2 za hydrogen, zingana na 4.2 GWh z’amashanyarazi. Hydrogen yabitswe izakorwa n’akaremangingo k’uruhererekane ka proton ka megawati 2 gatangwa na Cummins, kazatangira gukora ku mutwaro w’ibanze kugira ngo gakore hydrogen ihagije yo kubika. Nyuma y’uyu mushinga, akaremangingo kazakora mu buryo bworoshye kugira ngo kohereze amashanyarazi adashobora kongera gukoreshwa ku muyoboro w’amashanyarazi.
Nk’intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere ry’ubukungu bushingiye kuri hydrogen, umushinga w’igerageza uzagaragaza ubushobozi bwo kubika hydrogen munsi y’ubutaka mu kubika ingufu z’igihembwe kandi utange inzira yo gukoresha ingufu za hydrogen ku rwego runini. Nubwo hakiri imbogamizi nyinshi zo gukemura, iyi ni intambwe ikomeye igana ku buryo burambye kandi butarimo karubone.
Ububiko bwa hydrogen munsi y'ubutaka, ni ukuvuga gukoresha imiterere ya geologiya munsi y'ubutaka mu kubika ingufu za hydrogen ku rwego runini. Ikora amashanyarazi aturutse ku ngufu zishobora kuvugururwa kandi ikabyara hydrogen, hydrogen ishyirwa mu nyubako za geologiya munsi y'ubutaka nk'ubuvumo bw'umunyu, ibigega bya peteroli na gazi byangiritse, ibigega by'amazi n'ubuvumo bw'amabuye akomeye kugira ngo haboneke ingufu za hydrogen. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, hydrogen ishobora gukurwa ahantu habikwa hydrogen munsi y'ubutaka kugira ngo ikoreshwe muri gazi, amashanyarazi cyangwa indi mirimo.
Ingufu za hydrogène zishobora kubikwa mu buryo butandukanye, harimo gazi, amazi, inyuzwa ry’amazi ku butaka, hydride cyangwa amazi hamwe n’imibiri ya hydrogène iri mu bwato. Ariko, kugira ngo imikorere myiza y’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi w’inyongera ikore neza kandi hashyirweho umuyoboro mwiza w’ingufu za hydrogène, kubika hydrogène munsi y’ubutaka ni bwo buryo bwonyine bushoboka muri iki gihe. Uburyo bwo kubika hydrogène hejuru y’ubutaka, nk’imiyoboro cyangwa ibigega, bufite ubushobozi buke bwo kubika no gusohora amazi bw’iminsi mike gusa. Kubika hydrogène munsi y’ubutaka birakenewe kugira ngo haboneke ububiko bw’ingufu ku gipimo cy’ibyumweru cyangwa amezi. Kubika hydrogène munsi y’ubutaka bishobora guhaza amezi menshi y’ibikenewe mu kubika ingufu, bishobora gukurwamo kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu buryo butaziguye igihe bikenewe, cyangwa bigahindurwamo amashanyarazi.
Ariko, ububiko bwa hydrogen munsi y'ubutaka buhura n'imbogamizi nyinshi:
Ubwa mbere, iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga riratinda
Muri iki gihe, ubushakashatsi, iterambere n'icyerekezo bikenewe mu kubika mu mirima ya gazi yangiritse n'ibikomoka ku mazi biri kugenda buhoro. Hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo hasuzumwe ingaruka za gazi karemano zisigaye mu mirima yangiritse, ingaruka za bagiteri ziri mu bikomoka ku mazi n'ibikomoka ku gazi byangiritse zishobora guteza umwanda no gutakaza hydrogen, hamwe n'ingaruka zo kubika neza bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere ya hydrogen.
Icya kabiri, igihe cyo kubaka umushinga ni kirekire
Imishinga yo kubika gazi munsi y’ubutaka isaba igihe kinini cyo kubaka, imyaka itanu kugeza ku icumi ku buvumo bw’umunyu n’ibigega byangiritse, n’imyaka 10 kugeza kuri 12 yo kubika amazi yo mu mazi. Ku mishinga yo kubika gazi ya hydrogen, hashobora kubaho igihe kinini cyo kuyibika.
3. Igamijwe n'imiterere y'ubutaka
Imiterere y’ubutaka bw’aho hantu ni yo igena ubushobozi bwo kubika gazi munsi y’ubutaka. Mu duce dufite ubushobozi buke, hydrogen ishobora kubikwa ku gipimo kinini nk’umuyoboro w’amazi binyuze mu guhindura imiti, ariko ubushobozi bwo guhindura ingufu nabwo buragabanuka.
Nubwo ingufu za hydrogen zitakoreshejwe ku rugero runini bitewe n’ubushobozi bwazo buke n’igiciro cyazo kiri hejuru, zifite amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere mu gihe kizaza bitewe n’uruhare rwazo runini mu gukuraho karuboni mu nzego zitandukanye z’ingenzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-11-2023