Ibikoresho bya semiconductor byo mu gisekuru cya gatatu -SiC (silicon carbide) n'uburyo bikoreshwa

Nk'ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho bya semiconductor, SiC yabaye ibikoresho bya semiconductor by'ingenzi cyane mu gukora ibikoresho bya optoelectronic bifite uburebure bugufi, ibikoresho bishyuha cyane, ibikoresho birwanya imirasire n'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bifite ingufu nyinshi/zikomeye bitewe n'imiterere yabyo myiza ya fiziki na shimi hamwe n'imiterere y'amashanyarazi. Cyane cyane iyo ikoreshejwe mu bihe bikomeye kandi bikomeye, imiterere y'ibikoresho bya SiC iruta kure iby'ibikoresho bya Si na GaAs. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho bya SiC n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa sensors byagiye biba kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi, birushaho kugira uruhare runini.

Ibikoresho na za SiC byateye imbere cyane kuva mu myaka ya 1980, cyane cyane kuva mu 1989 ubwo wafer ya mbere ya SiC substrate yinjiye ku isoko. Mu nzego zimwe na zimwe, nko muri diode zitanga urumuri, ibikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi n'amashanyarazi menshi, ibikoresho bya SiC byakoreshejwe cyane mu bucuruzi. Iterambere ririhuta cyane. Nyuma y'imyaka hafi 10 y'iterambere, inzira y'ibikoresho bya SiC yashoboye gukora ibikoresho by'ubucuruzi. Amasosiyete menshi ahagarariwe na Cree yatangiye gutanga ibicuruzwa by'ubucuruzi by'ibikoresho bya SiC. Ibigo by'ubushakashatsi byo mu gihugu na za kaminuza nabyo byageze ku ntambwe ishimishije mu iterambere ry'ibikoresho bya SiC no mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibikoresho. Nubwo ibikoresho bya SiC bifite imiterere ihanitse cyane ya fiziki na shimi, kandi ikoranabuhanga rya SiC naryo rikaba rimaze gukura, ariko imikorere y'ibikoresho na za SiC ntabwo ari nziza cyane. Uretse ibikoresho bya SiC, inzira y'ibikoresho igomba guhora inozwa. Hakwiye gushyirwa imbaraga nyinshi ku buryo bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho bya SiC binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho bya S5C cyangwa gutanga imiterere mishya y'ibikoresho.

Kuri ubu. Ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bya SiC bwibanda cyane cyane ku bikoresho bitandukanye. Kuri buri bwoko bw'imiterere y'ibikoresho, ubushakashatsi bwa mbere ni ugushyira gusa imiterere y'ibikoresho bya Si cyangwa GaAs kuri SiC hatabayeho kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho. Kubera ko urwego rw'ibanze rwa okiside ya SiC ari rumwe na Si, ari yo SiO2, bivuze ko ibikoresho byinshi bya Si, cyane cyane ibikoresho bya m-pa, bishobora gukorwa kuri SiC. Nubwo ari ugutera gusa, bimwe mu bikoresho byabonetse byageze ku musaruro ushimishije, kandi bimwe mu bikoresho byamaze kwinjira ku isoko ry'uruganda.

Ibikoresho bya SiC optoelectronic, cyane cyane diode z'ubururu zisohora urumuri (BLU-ray leds), byinjiye ku isoko mu ntangiriro ya za 1990 kandi ni byo bikoresho bya mbere bya SiC byakozwe ku bwinshi. Diode za SiC Schottky zifite ingufu nyinshi, transistors za SiC RF, SiC MOSFET na mesFET nazo ziraboneka ku isoko. Birumvikana ko imikorere y'ibi bikoresho byose bya SiC idafite imiterere idasanzwe y'ibikoresho bya SiC, kandi imikorere ikomeye n'imikorere y'ibikoresho bya SiC biracyakeneye gukorwaho ubushakashatsi no gutezwa imbere. Udukoresho tworoshye nk'utwo akenshi ntidushobora gukoresha neza ibyiza by'ibikoresho bya SiC. Ndetse no mu rwego rw'ibyiza bimwe na bimwe by'ibikoresho bya SiC. Bimwe mu bikoresho bya SiC byakozwe mbere ntibishobora guhuza imikorere y'ibikoresho bya SiC cyangwa CaAs bihuye nabyo.

Kugira ngo turusheho guhindura ibyiza by’imiterere y’ibikoresho bya SiC mu byiza by’ibikoresho bya SiC, ubu turimo kwiga uburyo bwo kunoza inzira yo gukora ibikoresho n’imiterere yabyo cyangwa guteza imbere imiterere mishya n’inzira nshya zo kunoza imikorere n’imikorere y’ibikoresho bya SiC.