Kasar Sin kasa ce mai fadin kasa, yanayin kasa mai kyau na samar da ma'adinai, cikakken albarkatun ma'adinai da kuma wadataccen albarkatu. Ita babbar ma'adinai ce mai albarkatunta.
Daga mahangar hakar ma'adinai, manyan sassan duniya guda uku da ke da alaƙa da ƙarfe sun shiga China, don haka albarkatun ma'adinai suna da yawa, kuma albarkatun ma'adinai sun cika. China ta gano nau'ikan ma'adanai 171, waɗanda 156 daga cikinsu suna da ingantattun ajiyar kaya, kuma ƙimar da za ta iya samu tana matsayi na uku a duniya.
A cewar ma'adinan da aka tabbatar, akwai nau'ikan ma'adanai 45 da suka fi yawa a kasar Sin. Wasu daga cikin ma'adinan suna da yawa, kamar karafa masu saukin samu, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, sulfur, magnesium, boron, kwal, da sauransu, duk suna kan gaba a duniya. Daga cikinsu, nau'ikan ma'adanai guda biyar sune na farko a duniya. Bari mu dubi nau'ikan ma'adanai.
1. Ma'adinan Tungsten
Kasar Sin ita ce kasar da ke da arzikin tungsten mafi arziki a duniya. Akwai ma'adanai 252 da aka tabbatar sun rarraba a larduna 23 (gundumomi). Dangane da larduna (yankuna), Hunan (galibi scheelite) da Jiangxi (baƙar fata-tungsten ma'adinai) su ne mafi girma, inda ajiyar ta kai kashi 33.8% da 20.7% na jimillar ajiyar ƙasa bi da bi; Henan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, da sauransu. Lardin (gundumar) ita ce ta biyu.
Babban wuraren hakar ma'adinan tungsten sun hada da Hunan Shizhuyuan Tungsten Mine, Dutsen Jiangxi Xihua, Dutsen Daji, Dutsen Pangu, Dutsen Guimei, Guangdong Lianhuashan Tungsten Mine, Fujian Luoluokeng Tungsten Mine, Gansu Ta'ergou Tungsten Mine, da Henan Sandaozhuang Aluminum da Tung.
Gundumar Dayu, Lardin Jiangxi, China ita ce shahararriyar "Babban Birnin Tungsten". Akwai ma'adanai sama da 400 na tungsten a kewaye. Bayan Yaƙin Opium, Jamusawa sun fara gano tungsten a can. A lokacin, sun sayi haƙƙin haƙar ma'adinai a ɓoye akan yuan 500 kawai. Bayan gano mutanen da ke da kishin ƙasa, sun tashi don kare ma'adanai da ma'adanai. Bayan tattaunawa da yawa, a ƙarshe na dawo da haƙƙin haƙar ma'adinai akan yuan 1,000 a 1908 kuma na tara kuɗi don haƙar ma'adinai. Wannan shine masana'antar haɓaka ma'adinan tungsten ta farko a Weinan.
Tushen da samfurin wurin ajiyar tungsten na Dangping, Gundumar Dayu, Lardin Jiangxi
Na biyu, ma'adinan antimony
锑 ƙarfe ne mai launin toka-launin azurfa wanda ke da juriya ga tsatsa. Babban aikin niobium a cikin ƙarfe shine ƙara tauri, wanda galibi ana kiransa da masu tauri don ƙarfe ko ƙarfe.
Kasar Sin tana daya daga cikin kasashen duniya da suka gano kuma suka yi amfani da ma'adinan antimony a baya. A cikin tsoffin littattafai kamar "Hanshu Food and Food" da "Historical Records", akwai bayanan rikici. A wancan lokacin, ba a kira su 锑 ba, amma ana kiran su "Lianxi." Bayan kafuwar sabuwar kasar Sin, an gudanar da babban bincike da ci gaban ma'adinan Yankuang, kuma an samar da narkar da wutar lantarki mai dauke da sinadarin sulphide mai gurbata muhalli. Ma'adinan antimony na kasar Sin suna matsayi na farko a duniya, kuma ana fitar da kayayyaki da yawa, samar da bismuth na karfe mai tsafta (gami da 99.999%) da kuma farin karfe mai inganci, wanda ke wakiltar matakin samar da kayayyaki na ci gaba a duniya.
Kasar Sin ita ce kasar da ke da mafi girman ajiyar albarkatun plutonium a duniya, wanda ya kai kashi 52% na jimillar duniya. Akwai ma'adanai 171 da aka sani a Yankuang, galibi suna rarrabawa a Hunan, Guangxi, Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou da Gansu. Jimillar ajiyar larduna shida ta kai kashi 87.2% na jimillar albarkatun da aka gano. Lardin da ke da mafi girman ajiyar albarkatun 锑 ita ce Hunan. Birnin ruwan sanyi na lardin shine mafi girma a duniya a ma'adinan antimony, wanda ya kai kashi daya bisa uku na yawan amfanin da kasar ke samu a kowace shekara.
Wannan albarkatun Amurka ya dogara sosai kan kayayyakin da China ke shigowa da su kuma ya fi daraja fiye da na ƙasa mai wuya. An ruwaito cewa kashi 60% na Yankuang da aka shigo da su daga Amurka sun fito ne daga China. Yayin da matsayin China a ƙasashen duniya ke ƙaruwa, a hankali mun sami damar yin magana. A shekarar 2002, China ta ba da shawarar ɗaukar tsarin rabon kaya don fitar da Yankuang, da kuma riƙe albarkatun da ke hannunta. A cikin, don haɓaka bincike da haɓaka ƙasarsu.
Na uku, bentonite
Bentonite wani ma'adinai ne mai mahimmanci wanda ba na ƙarfe ba, wanda galibi ya ƙunshi montmorillonite tare da tsari mai layi. Saboda bentonite yana da jerin kyawawan halaye kamar kumburi, shawa, dakatarwa, wargajewa, musayar ion, kwanciyar hankali, thixotropy, da sauransu, yana da amfani sama da 1000, don haka yana da sunan "laka ta duniya"; ana iya sarrafa shi zuwa manne, wakilai masu dakatarwa, wakilai masu thixotropic, masu kara kuzari, masu bayyana abubuwa, masu shaye-shaye, masu ɗaukar sinadarai, da sauransu ana amfani da su a fannoni daban-daban kuma ana kiransu da "kayan duniya".
Albarkatun bentonite na kasar Sin suna da wadata sosai, tare da hasashen albarkatun da za su kai sama da tan biliyan 7. Ana samunsa a cikin nau'ikan bentonites masu tushen calcium da bentonites masu tushen sodium, da kuma bentonites masu tushen hydrogen, masu tushen aluminum, masu tushen soda-calcium da marasa rarrabuwa. Adadin sodium bentonite yana da tan miliyan 586.334, wanda ya kai kashi 24% na jimillar ajiyar; adadin sodium bentonite da za a iya samu a yanzu ya kai tan miliyan 351.586; nau'ikan aluminum da hydrogen banda calcium da sodium bentonite sun kai kusan kashi 42%.
Na huɗu, titanium
Dangane da tanadi, bisa ga kiyasi, jimillar albarkatun ilmenite da rutile na duniya sun wuce tan biliyan 2, kuma ajiyar da za a iya amfani da ita a fannin tattalin arziki ta kai tan miliyan 770. Daga cikin ajiyar albarkatun titanium da aka tabbatar a duniya, ilmenite ya kai kashi 94%, sauran kuma rutile ne. China ita ce kasar da ke da mafi girman ajiyar ilmenite, tare da ajiyar tan miliyan 220, wanda ya kai kashi 28.6% na jimillar ajiyar duniya. Australia, Indiya da Afirka ta Kudu suna matsayi na biyu zuwa na hudu. Dangane da samarwa, manyan samar da ma'adinan titanium guda hudu a duniya a shekarar 2016 sune Afirka ta Kudu, China, Ostiraliya da Mozambique.
Rarraba ma'adinan titanium na duniya a shekarar 2016
Ana rarraba ma'adinan titanium na kasar Sin a larduna da yankuna masu cin gashin kansu sama da 10. Ma'adinan titanium galibi ana samunsa ne daga titanium, rutile ma'adinan da ilmenite a cikin vanadium-titanium magnetite. Ana samar da titanium a cikin vanadium-titanium magnetite galibi a yankin Panzhihua na Sichuan. Ana samar da ma'adinan Rutile galibi a Hubei, Henan, Shanxi da sauran larduna. Ana samar da ma'adinan Ilmenite galibi a Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi da sauran larduna (yankuna). Tanadin ilmenite na TiO2 ya kai tan miliyan 357, wanda ya zo na farko a duniya.
Ma'adinai biyar, na ƙasa mai wuya
Kasar Sin babbar kasa ce mai albarkatun kasa masu saukin samu. Ba wai kawai tana da wadataccen tanadi ba, har ma tana da fa'idodin cikakken ma'adanai da abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samu ba, tana da karfin kasa mai inganci da kuma rarraba ma'adanai yadda ya kamata, wanda hakan ya kafa harsashi mai karfi ga ci gaban masana'antar kasa mai saukin samu a kasar Sin.
Manyan ma'adanai na ƙasar Sin da ba a saba gani ba sun haɗa da: ma'adinan ƙasa na Baiyun Ebo, ma'adinan ƙasa na Shandong Weishan, ma'adinan ƙasa na Suining, ma'adinan harsashi na Jiangxi mai launin ruwan kasa, ma'adinan kifi na Hunan brown da ma'adinan yashi na bakin teku a bakin teku mai tsawo.
Ma'adinan ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi na Baiyun Obo yana da alaƙa da ƙarfe. Manyan ma'adanai na ƙasa masu ƙarancin ƙarfi sune ma'adinan fluorocarbon antimony da monazite. Rabon shine 3:1, wanda ya kai matakin farfadowar ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi. Saboda haka, ana kiransa da ma'adinan gauraye. Jimillar ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi REO shine tan miliyan 35, wanda ya kai kimanin tan miliyan 35. Kashi 38% na ma'adinan ƙasa mafi girma a duniya.
Ma'adinan Weishan mai ƙarancin ƙasa da kuma ma'adinan Suining mai ƙarancin ƙasa galibi sun ƙunshi ma'adinan bastnasite, tare da barite, da sauransu, kuma suna da sauƙin zaɓar ma'adinan ƙasa masu ƙarancin ƙasa.
Bakin ƙasa mai laushi na Jiangxi yana fitar da ma'adinan ƙasa mai laushi wani sabon nau'in ma'adinan ƙasa mai sauƙi. Narkewa da narkewarsa abu ne mai sauƙi, kuma yana ɗauke da ƙasa mai matsakaici da nauyi. Wani nau'in ma'adinan ƙasa ne mai sauƙi tare da gasa a kasuwa.
Yashi a bakin teku na China ma yana da wadata sosai. Ana iya kiran bakin tekun Tekun Kudancin China da kuma bakin tekun Tsibirin Hainan da Tsibirin Taiwan a matsayin bakin tekun zinare na yashi a bakin teku. Akwai wuraren adana yashi na zamani da kuma tsoffin ma'adinan yashi, waɗanda ake sarrafa su da monazite da xenotime. Ana samun yashi a bakin teku a matsayin wani abu da ya lalace idan ya dawo da ilmenite da zircon.
Duk da cewa albarkatun ma'adinai na kasar Sin suna da wadata sosai, amma mutane su ne kashi 58% na mallakar kowace mutum a duniya, wanda ke matsayi na 53 a duniya. Kuma halayen samar da albarkatun kasar Sin ba su da kyau kuma suna da wahalar haƙowa, suna da wahalar zaɓa, suna da wahalar haƙowa. Yawancin ma'adanai da aka tabbatar suna da tarin bauxite da sauran manyan ma'adanai ba su da kyau. Bugu da ƙari, ma'adanai masu kyau kamar ma'adinan tungsten ana amfani da su fiye da kima, kuma yawancinsu ana amfani da su don fitarwa, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin farashin kayayyakin ma'adinai da ɓarnatar da albarkatu. Ya zama dole a ƙara ƙarfafa ƙoƙarin gyara, kare albarkatu, tabbatar da ci gaba, da kuma kafa murya ta duniya a cikin manyan albarkatun ma'adinai. Tushe: Musayar Ma'adinai
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-11-2019