Chaịna bụ mba nwere nnukwu ala, ọnọdụ ala dị elu nke na-emepụta ọla, akụrụngwa mineral zuru oke na akụrụngwa bara ụba. Ọ bụ nnukwu akụ mineral nwere akụrụngwa nke ya.
Site n'echiche nke imepụta ihe ndị dị n'ime ala, ngalaba atọ dị mkpa n'ụwa abatala na China, ya mere akụrụngwa ndị dị n'ime ala bara ụba, akụrụngwa ndị dị n'ime ala zuru oke. China achọpụtala ụdị mineral 171, nke 156 n'ime ha nwere ihe nchekwa a nwapụtara, uru ha nwere ike ịbụ nke atọ n'ụwa.
Dịka ihe ndị a chọpụtala si kwuo, e nwere ụdị mineral iri anọ na ise kachasị na China. Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị a na-echekwa n'ime ala dị ọtụtụ, dịka ọla ala dị ụkọ, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, sulfur, magnesite, boron, coal, wdg, ha niile dị n'ọkwa mbụ n'ụwa. N'ime ha, ụdị mineral ise ndị a na-echekwa n'ime ala bụ nke mbụ n'ụwa. Ka anyị leba anya n'ụdị mineral ndị a.
1. Ọla Tungsten
China bụ mba nwere akụ tungsten kacha baa ọgaranya n'ụwa. E nwere ihe nchekwa mineral 252 a nwapụtara na-ekesa na mpaghara 23 (mpaghara). N'ihe gbasara mpaghara (mpaghara), Hunan (karịsịa scheelite) na Jiangxi (black-tungsten ore) bụ ndị kacha ibu, ebe nchekwa ahụ ruru 33.8% na 20.7% nke mkpokọta nchekwa mba n'otu n'otu; Henan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, wdg. Mpaghara (mpaghara) bụ nke abụọ.
Ebe ndị a na-egwupụta akụ tungsten na-agụnye Hunan Shizhuyuan Tungsten Mine, Jiangxi Xihua Mountain, Daji Mountain, Pangu Mountain, Guimei Mountain, Guangdong Lianhuashan Tungsten Mine, Fujian Luoluokeng Tungsten Mine, Gansu Ta'ergou Tungsten Mine, na Henan Sandaozhuang Aluminom na Tung.
Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, China bụ "Tungsten Capital" ama ama n'ụwa niile. E nwere ihe karịrị ebe a na-egwupụta tungsten 400 gburugburu. Mgbe Agha Opium gasịrị, ndị German chọtara tungsten ebe ahụ mbụ. N'oge ahụ, ha zụtara ikike igwupụta ihe na nzuzo naanị yuan 500. Mgbe achọpụtara ndị hụrụ mba n'anya, ha ebiliwo iji chebe ebe a na-egwupụta ihe na ebe a na-egwupụta ihe. Mgbe ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka gasịrị, emechara m nweta ikike igwupụta ihe na yuan 1,000 na 1908 ma chịkọta ego maka igwupụta ihe. Nke a bụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepe nke tungsten mbụ na Weinan.
Isi na ihe atụ nke Dangping tungsten deposit, Dayu County, Jiangxi Province
Nke abụọ, ihe e ji eme antimony
锑 bụ ọla isi awọ ọlaọcha nke nwere ike iguzogide nchara. Isi ọrụ nke niobium na alloys bụ ịbawanye ike, nke a na-akpọkarị ihe na-eme ka ígwè sie ike ma ọ bụ alloys sie ike.
China bụ otu n'ime mba ndị chọpụtara ma jiri antimony eme ihe n'oge gara aga. N'akwụkwọ ochie dịka "Hanshu Food and Food" na "Historical Records", e nwere ihe ndekọ nke esemokwu. N'oge ahụ, a kpọghị ha 锑, kama a kpọrọ ha "Lianxi." Mgbe e guzobere New China, e mere nnukwu nchọpụta na mmepe nke Yankuang Mine, e mekwara ka ọkụ sulphide concentrate blast dị na mba China pụta ìhè. Ebe nchekwa na mmepụta antimony ore nke mba China bụ nke mbụ n'ụwa, yana ọtụtụ mbupụ, mmepụta nke bismuth metal dị ọcha (gụnyere 99.999%) na nnukwu ọcha dị elu, nke na-anọchite anya ọkwa mmepụta dị elu n'ụwa.
China bụ mba nwere nnukwu nchekwa akụ plutonium n'ụwa, nke ruru 52% nke mkpokọta ụwa niile. E nwere ebe a na-egwupụta ihe dị ka Yankuang 171 a ma ama, nke a na-ekesakarị na Hunan, Guangxi, Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou na Gansu. Ngụkọta nchekwa nke ógbè isii ahụ ruru 87.2% nke mkpokọta akụrụngwa achọpụtara. Mpaghara nwere nnukwu nchekwa akụ 锑 bụ Hunan. Obodo mmiri oyi nke ógbè ahụ bụ ebe a na-egwupụta ihe dị ka antimony kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa, na-aza otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke mmepụta kwa afọ nke mba ahụ.
Akụ̀ a nke mba Amerịka dabere nke ukwuu na mbubata China ma baa uru karịa ala ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe. A kọrọ na pasentị iri isii nke Yankuang e si mba Amerịka bubata si mba Chaịna. Ka ọkwa mba Chaịna na mba ụwa na-arị elu, anyị ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ mụta ikwu okwu. Na 2002, Chaịna tụrụ aro ka e jiri usoro oke maka mbupụ Yankuang, ma jidesie akụrụngwa aka ya ike. Na, iji mepụta nnyocha na mmepe nke mba ha.
Nke atọ, bentonite
Bentonite bụ ihe bara uru nke na-abụghị ọla, nke montmorillonite mejupụtara nke nwere nhazi dị larịị. Ebe ọ bụ na bentonite nwere ọtụtụ ihe bara uru dịka ọzịza, mmịpụta, nkwụsịtụ, mgbasa, mgbanwe ion, nkwụsi ike, thixotropy, wdg, o nwere ihe karịrị otu puku ojiji, ya mere o nwere aha "ụrọ zuru ụwa ọnụ"; enwere ike ịhazi ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe mgbakwunye, ihe nnọchi anya nkwụsịtụ, ihe nnọchi anya thixotropic, ihe mkpali, ihe na-akọwapụta ihe, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị nro, ihe ndị na-ebu kemịkalụ, wdg. A na-eji ha eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe ma a maara ha dị ka "ihe zuru ụwa ọnụ".
Akụ̀ bentonite nke China bara ụba nke ukwuu, a na-atụ anya na ha ga-enweta ihe karịrị ijeri tọn asaa. A na-enweta ya n'ọtụtụ ụdị bentonites dabere na calcium na bentonites dabere na sodium, yana bentonites dabere na hydrogen, nke dabere na aluminum, nke dabere na soda-calcium na nke a na-anaghị ekewa. Nchekwa sodium bentonite dị nde tọn 586.334, nke ruru 24% nke mkpokọta nchekwa; nchekwa sodium bentonite dị nde tọn 351.586; ụdị aluminum na hydrogen ndị ọzọ na-abụghị calcium na sodium bentonite bụ ihe dị ka pasent 42.
Nke anọ, titanium
Dịka atụmatụ si kwuo, n'ihe gbasara nchekwa, akụ ilmenite na rutile zuru ụwa ọnụ karịrị ijeri tọn abụọ, ebe nchekwa akụ na ụba dị nde tọn 770. N'ime nchekwa akụ titanium doro anya n'ụwa niile, ilmenite ruru 94%, ebe ndị ọzọ bụ rutile. China bụ mba nwere nchekwa akụ ilmenite kachasị ukwuu, nwere nchekwa akụ nde tọn 220, nke ruru 28.6% nke nchekwa akụ zuru ụwa ọnụ. Australia, India na South Africa nọ n'ọkwa nke abụọ ruo nke anọ. N'ihe gbasara mmepụta, mmepụta ọla titanium anọ kachasị elu n'ụwa niile na 2016 bụ South Africa, China, Australia na Mozambique.
Nkesa nke ebe a na-echekwa titanium ore zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2016
A na-ekesa ígwè titanium nke China n'ihe karịrị mpaghara iri na mpaghara ndị nwere onwe ha. Ọla titanium bụ nke kachasị na titanium ore, rutile ore na ilmenite ore na vanadium-titanium magnetite. A na-emepụta titanium na vanadium-titanium magnetite karịsịa na mpaghara Panzhihua nke Sichuan. A na-emepụtakarị ogbunigwe Rutile na Hubei, Henan, Shanxi na ógbè ndị ọzọ. A na-emepụtakarị ọla Ilmenite na Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi na ógbè ndị ọzọ (mpaghara). Ebe nchekwa ilmenite TiO2 dị nde tọn 357, nke bụ nke mbụ n'ụwa.
Oil ise, nke a na-adịghị ahụkebe
China bụ mba buru ibu nwere ebe nchekwa ihe onwunwe ụwa dị ụkọ. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ bara ọgaranya n'ebe nchekwa ihe onwunwe, kamakwa ọ nwere uru nke mineral zuru oke na ihe ndị dị n'ụwa dị ụkọ, ọkwa dị elu nke ala dị ụkọ na nkesa ezi uche dị na ya nke isi ihe ndị dị n'ime ala, na-atọ ntọala siri ike maka mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ala dị ụkọ nke China.
Ihe ndị bụ isi e ji amata ala dị ụkọ na China gụnyere: Baiyun Ebo, Shandong Weishan, Suining rare earth mine, Jiangxi weathering shell leaching type rare earth mine, Hunan brown trout mine na coast sand field mine n'ụsọ oké osimiri dị ogologo.
Ọla ala dị ụkọ nke Baiyun Obo nwere ígwè na-ejikọta ya na ihe ndị ọzọ. Ihe ndị bụ isi dị ụkọ nke ala dị ụkọ bụ fluorocarbon antimony ore na monazite. Oke ha bụ 3:1, nke ruru ọkwa mgbake ala dị ụkọ. Ya mere, a na-akpọ ya ngwakọta nke ọla. Ngụkọta ala dị ụkọ nke REO bụ tọn nde 35, nke ruru ihe dị ka tọn nde 35. Pasent 38 nke ebe nchekwa ụwa bụ ebe kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa.
Ihe mejupụtara Weishan rare earth ore na Suining rare earth ore bụ isi ihe mejupụtara bastnasite ore, ya na barite, wdg, ma ọ dị mfe ịhọrọ ala pụrụ iche.
Anụ ala Jiangxi nke na-eme ka ala dị nro ghara ịdị irè. Ọ bụ ụdị ala dị ụkọ nke Jiangxi. Ọ bụ ụdị ala dị ụkọ nke na-anaghị adị irè nke nwere asọmpi ahịa.
Ájá dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri China bara ọgaranya nke ukwuu. A pụrụ ịkpọ ụsọ oké osimiri nke Oké Osimiri Ndịda China na ụsọ oké osimiri nke Agwaetiti Hainan na Agwaetiti Taiwan ọla edo nke ájá dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri. E nwere ájá dị n'akụkụ mmiri nke oge a na ebe a na-egwupụta ájá ochie, nke a na-agwọ monazite na xenotime. A na-enweta ájá dị n'akụkụ oké osimiri dị ka ihe na-esi na ya pụta mgbe ọ na-enweta ilmenite na zircon.
Ọ bụ ezie na akụ ndị China nwere nnukwu ihe onwunwe, mana ndị mmadụ bụ 58% nke ihe onwunwe kwa onye ọ bụla n'ụwa, nke dị na ọkwa nke 53 n'ụwa. Njirimara nke inye ihe onwunwe nke China adịghị mma ma sie ike igwupụta, ọ siri ike ịhọrọ, ọ siri ike igwupụta. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị a na-etinye na bauxite na nnukwu mineral ndị ọzọ bụ ezigbo ihe onwunwe. Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji ọtụtụ mineral dị elu dị ka tungsten ore eme ihe gabiga ókè, a na-ejikwa ọtụtụ n'ime ha maka mbupụ, nke na-ebute ọnụ ahịa dị ala nke ngwaahịa mineral na mfu nke akụrụngwa. Ọ dị mkpa ịbawanye mbọ idozi ihe, chebe akụrụngwa, hụ na mmepe, na ịmepụta olu zuru ụwa ọnụ na akụrụngwa mineral kachasị. Isi mmalite: Mgbanwe Ngwuputa
Oge ozi: Nọvemba-11-2019