He whenua whānui a Haina, he whenua pai rawa atu ōna āhuatanga whenua mō te hanga konganuku, he nui ngā rauemi kohuke, ā, he nui hoki ōna rauemi. He whenua nui ia, he nui hoki ōna rauemi.
Mai i te tirohanga o te whakapūngao kohuke, kua uru mai ngā rohe whakapūngao nui e toru o te ao ki Haina, nō reira he nui ngā rauemi kohuke, ā, kua tino oti ngā rauemi kohuke. Kua kitea e Haina e 171 ngā momo kohuke, 156 o ēnei he rahui kua whakamātauhia, ā, ko tōna uara pea kei te tuatoru o te ao.
E ai ki ngā rahui kua whakamātauhia, e 45 ngā momo kohuke matua i Haina. He nui ngā rahui kohuke, pērā i ngā konganuku onge, te tungsten, te tine, te molybdenum, te niobium, te tantalum, te whanariki, te magnesite, te boron, te waro, me ētahi atu, ā, kei mua katoa i te ao. I roto i ēnei, ko ngā momo rahui kohuke e rima ngā mea tuatahi o te ao. Me titiro tātou ki ngā momo kohuke.
1. Kohatu Tungsten
Ko Haina te whenua he nui rawa ngā rauemi tungsten o te ao. E 252 ngā putunga kohuke kua whakamātauhia kua tohatohahia i roto i ngā kawanatanga (rohe) e 23. Mō ngā kawanatanga (rohe), ko Hunan (te nuinga he scheelite) me Jiangxi (te konganuku pango-tungsten) ngā mea nui rawa atu, ā, ko ngā rahui e 33.8% me te 20.7% o ngā rahui katoa o te motu; ko Henan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, me ētahi atu. Ko te kawanatanga (rohe) te tuarua.
Ko nga waahi keri tungsten matua ko Hunan Shizhuyuan Tungsten Mine, Jiangxi Xihua Mountain, Daji Mountain, Pangu Mountain, Guimei Mountain, Guangdong Lianhuashan Tungsten Mine, Fujian Luoluokeng Tungsten Mine, Gansu Ta'ergou Tungsten Mine, me Henan Sandaozhuang Aluminum Tungsten Mine me etahi atu.
Ko Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, Haina te "Tāone Matua o Tungsten" rongonui o te ao. Neke atu i te 400 ngā maina tungsten e horapa ana. Whai muri i te Pakanga Ōpiuma, i kitea tuatahitia e ngā Tiamana te tungsten ki reira. I taua wā, i hokona pukutia e rātou ngā mana keri mō te 500 yuan. Whai muri i te kitenga o te iwi whenua, kua whakatika rātou ki te tiaki i ngā maina me ngā maina. Whai muri i ngā whiriwhiringa maha, i whakahokia mai e au ngā mana keri mō te 1,000 yuan i te tau 1908, ā, i kohia he moni mō te keri. Koinei te umanga whanaketanga maina tungsten tuatahi i Weinan.
Te uho me te tauira o te putunga tungsten o Dangping, Dayu County, Jiangxi Province
Tuarua, te konganuku antimony
He konganuku hiriwa-hina te 锑, ā, he ātete ki te waikura. Ko te mahi matua a te niobium i roto i ngā koranu he whakanui i te pakeke, e kiia ana he whakapakeke mō ngā konganuku, he koranu rānei.
Ko Haina tētahi o ngā whenua o te ao i kitea, i whakamahia hoki te konganuku antimony i mua. I roto i ngā pukapuka tawhito pērā i te "Hanshu Food and Food" me te "Historical Records", kei reira ngā tuhinga mō te pakanga. I taua wā, kāore i karangatia ko 锑, engari ko "Lianxi." Whai muri i te whakatūnga o New China, i whakahaerehia he tūhuratanga whenua nui me te whakawhanaketanga o te Yankuang Mine, ā, i whakawhanakehia te oumu whakarewa whanariki kua whakapūmauhia te whanariki. Ko ngā rahui me te whakaputanga konganuku antimony a Haina te tuatahi i te ao, ā, he maha ngā kaweake, te whakaputanga o te bismuth konganuku parakore teitei (tae atu ki te 99.999%) me te super white kounga teitei, e tohu ana i te taumata whakaputa matatau o te ao.
Ko Haina te whenua kei a ia ngā rahui nui rawa atu o ngā rauemi plutonium o te ao, e 52% o te katoa o te ao. E 171 ngā maina Yankuang e mōhiotia ana, ko te nuinga kei Hunan, Guangxi, Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou me Gansu. Ko te katoa o ngā rahui o ngā kawanatanga e ono e 87.2% o te katoa o ngā rauemi kua tautuhia. Ko Hunan te kawanatanga kei a ia ngā rahui nui rawa atu o ngā rauemi 锑. Ko te tāone wai matao o te kawanatanga te maina antimony nui rawa atu o te ao, e kotahi hautoru o te putanga ā-tau o te whenua.
He nui te whakawhirinaki o tēnei rauemi o te Hononga o Amerika ki ngā kawemai a Haina, ā, he nui ake tōna uara i ngā mea onge. E ai ki ngā pūrongo, e 60% o ngā Yankuang e kawemai ana mai i te Hononga o Amerika i ahu mai i Haina. I te mea kei te piki haere te mana o Haina i te ao whānui, kua āta mōhiotia e tātou ētahi o ngā tika ki te kōrero. I te tau 2002, i whakaaro a Haina kia whakamahia he pūnaha quota mō te kaweake i Yankuang, me te pupuri i ngā rauemi ki roto i ōna ake ringaringa. Hei whakawhanake i te rangahau me te whanaketanga o tō rātou ake whenua.
Tuatoru, bentonite
He rauemi kohuke kore-whakarewa nui te Bentonite, ko te nuinga he montmorillonite me te hanganga paparanga. Nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga pai o te bentonite pēnei i te pupuhi, te mimiti, te whakatārewatanga, te marara, te whakawhiti katote, te pumau, te thixotropy, me ētahi atu, neke atu i te 1000 ngā whakamahinga, nō reira i tapaina ai ko te "uku whānui"; ka taea te tukatuka hei whakapiripiri, hei kaiwhakatārewatanga, hei kaitārewatanga, hei whakakorikori, hei whakamārama, hei kai mimiti, hei kawe matū, me ētahi atu. E whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mara maha, ā, e mōhiotia ana ko te "rauemi whānui".
He tino nui ngā rauemi bentonite o Haina, ā, e matapaetia ana neke atu i te 7 piriona tāne te nui o ngā rauemi. Kei te wātea mai i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā bentonite e ahu mai ana i te konupūmā me ngā bentonite e ahu mai ana i te konutai, tae atu ki ngā bentonite e ahu mai ana i te hauwai, te konumohe, te konupūmā-houra me ngā bentonite kāore i whakarōpūtia. Ko ngā rahui o te bentonite konutai he 586.334 miriona tāne, e 24% o ngā rahui katoa; ko ngā rahui pea o te bentonite konutai he 351.586 miriona tāne; ko ngā momo konumohe me te hauwai i tua atu i te konupūmā me te bentonite konutai e 42%.
Tuawhā, te titanium
Mō ngā rahui, e ai ki ngā whakatau tata, neke atu i te 2 piriona tāne te tapeke o ngā rauemi ilmenite me te rutile o te ao, ā, ko ngā rahui ka taea te whakamahi ōhanga he 770 miriona tāne. I roto i ngā rahui rauemi titanium mārama o te ao, ko te 94% o te ilmenite te rahi, ā, ko te toenga he rutile. Ko Haina te whenua me ngā rahui ilmenite nui rawa atu, me ngā rahui o te 220 miriona tāne, ko te 28.6% o ngā rahui katoa o te ao. Ko Ahitereiria, ko Īnia me Āwherika ki te Tonga kei te tuarua ki te tuawhā. Mō ngā mahi whakaputa, ko ngā mahi whakaputa titanium e whā o te ao i te tau 2016 ko Āwherika ki te Tonga, Haina, Ahitereiria me Mozambique.
Te tohatoha o ngā rahui titanium o te ao i te tau 2016
Neke atu i te 10 ngā kawanatanga me ngā rohe motuhake e tohatohahia ana te konganuku titanium o Haina. Ko te nuinga o te konganuku titanium he konganuku titanium, he konganuku rutile me te konganuku ilmenite i roto i te vanadium-titanium magnetite. Ko te nuinga o te konganuku titanium i roto i te vanadium-titanium magnetite ka hangaia i te rohe o Panzhihua o Sichuan. Ko te nuinga o ngā maina rutile ka hangaia i Hubei, Henan, Shanxi me ētahi atu kawanatanga. Ko te nuinga o te konganuku ilmenite ka hangaia i Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi me ētahi atu kawanatanga (rohe). Ko te nui o ngā rahui TiO2 o te ilmenite he 357 miriona tana, ko te tuatahi o te ao.
E rima, te konganuku whenua onge
He whenua nui a Haina, he whenua rahui ōna rauemi whenua onge. Ehara i te mea he nui noa iho ōna rahui, engari he pai hoki ōna kohuke me ngā huānga whenua onge katoa, he kounga teitei o ngā whenua onge, ā, he tika te tohatoha o ngā tohu o te konganuku, e whakatakoto ana i te turanga pakari mō te whanaketanga o te umanga whenua onge o Haina.
Ko ngā kohuke whenua onge matua o Haina ko: te maina whenua onge o Baiyun Ebo, te maina whenua onge o Shandong Weishan, te maina whenua onge o Suining, te maina whenua onge momo wetewete anga o Jiangxi, te maina taraute parauri o Hunan me te maina onepu takutai moana i te takutai roa.
He hononga tahi te konganuku whenua onge o Baiyun Obo me te rino. Ko ngā konganuku whenua onge matua ko te konganuku fluorocarbon antimony me te monazite. Ko te ōwehenga he 3:1, kua eke ki te taumata whakaora whenua onge. Nō reira, ka kiia ko te konganuku whakauru. Ko te tapeke o te REO whenua onge ko te 35 miriona tana, e 35 miriona tana pea. 38% o ngā rahui o te ao ko te maina whenua onge nui rawa atu o te ao.
Ko te nuinga o ngā konganuku o Weishan me te konganuku o Suining he konganuku bastnasite, he barite hoki, ā, he tino ngāwari ki te whiriwhiri i ngā konganuku onge.
He momo hou o te kohuke whenua onge te tangohanga o te kiriuhi huarere o Jiangxi. He tino māmā te whakarewa me te whakarewa, ā, kei roto ko te whenua onge waenga me te taumaha. He momo kohuke whenua onge e whakataetae ana ki te mākete.
He tino momona hoki ngā onepū o te takutai o Haina. Ko te takutai o te Moana Haina ki te Tonga me ngā takutai o te Moutere o Hainan me te Moutere o Taiwana ka taea te kī ko te takutai koura o ngā putunga onepū o te takutai. He putunga onepū parataiao hou me ngā maina onepū tawhito, e tukatukahia ana te monazite me te xenotime. Ka whakahokia mai te onepū o te takutai hei hua taha ina whakahokia mai te ilmenite me te zircon.
Ahakoa he tino nui ngā rauemi kohuke o Haina, e 58% o te ao e nohoia ana e te tangata, ko te 53 o te ao. Ā, he rawakore ngā āhuatanga o Haina mō ngā rauemi, he uaua ki te keri, he uaua ki te whiriwhiri, he uaua ki te keri. Ko te nuinga o ngā putunga me ngā rahui kua whakamātauhia o te bauxite me ētahi atu kohuke nui he konganuku rawakore. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā kohuke pai ake pērā i te konganuku tungsten he nui rawa te whakamahinga, ā, ko te nuinga o ēnei e whakamahia ana mō te kaweake, ka iti te utu o ngā hua kohuke me te moumou rauemi. He mea tika kia whakapiki ake i ngā mahi whakatikatika, kia tiakina ngā rauemi, kia whakarite i te whanaketanga, me te whakatū i tētahi reo ā-ao mō ngā rauemi kohuke matua. Puna: Mining Exchange
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 11-2019