Pūtau wahie pereti karāpiti mō te pūtau wahie, Rau karāpiti, Pereti Karāpiti rua-ira

Whakaahuatanga Poto:

He taputapu matū te pūtau wahie e huri tika ana i te pūngao matū o te wahie ki te pūngao hiko, e mōhiotia ana ko te whakaputa hikohiko. Koinei te tuawhā o ngā hangarau whakaputa hiko i muri i te hiko wai, te hiko wera me te hiko karihi. Nā te mea ka huri te pūtau wahie i tētahi wāhanga o te pūngao kore utu Gibbs i roto i te pūngao matū o te wahie ki te pūngao hiko mā te tauhohenga hikohiko, kāore e herea e te pānga huringa Carnot, nō reira he tino pai te mahi; hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia e te pūtau wahie te wahie me te hāora hei rauemi mata; Kāore he wāhanga tuku miihini, nō reira kāore he parahanga haruru, ā, he iti noa ngā hau kino e tukuna ana. E whakaatu ana tēnei mai i te tirohanga tiaki pūngao me te tiaki taiao taiao, ko ngā pūtau wahie te hangarau whakaputa hiko tino whai hua. Ko te pereti bipolar graphite tētahi momo pereti hiko pūtau wahie.