Pereti Karāwhite Ā-rua, pereti karāwhite ā-rua mō te pūtau wahie hauwai

Ko ngā pereti rua-pōro ngā wāhanga matua o ngā pūtau wahie PEM. Ehara i te mea ko te hauwai me te hau anake te mea e whakahaere ana i te tukunga o te kohu wai, tae atu ki te wera me te hiko. He pānga nui tō rātou hoahoa āpure rere ki te whai huatanga o te waeine katoa. Kei waenganui i ia pūtau ngā pereti rua-pōro – tētahi e tuku ana i te hauwai ki te anode, tētahi atu hau ki te taha cathode – ā, ka puta he hiko tata ki te 1 volt i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere noa. Mā te whakanui ake i te maha o ngā pūtau, pērā i te whakarea i te maha o ngā pereti, ka piki ake te ngaohiko. Ko te nuinga o ngā pereti rua-pōro PEMFC me DMFC he mea hanga ki te karāpeti, ki te karāpeti kua whakakiia ki te kapia rānei.