Ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic zabaye inganda nshya zitanga icyizere ku isi. Ugereranyije na polysilicone na silicone zidafite isura, monocrystalline silicon, nk'ibikoresho bitanga ingufu za photovoltaic, ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura amashanyarazi mu buryo bw'izuba n'inyungu zidasanzwe mu bucuruzi, kandi yabaye ingenzi mu gutanga ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic. Czochralski (CZ) ni bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gutegura monocrystalline silicon. Ibigize itanura rya monocrystalline rya Czochralski birimo sisitemu y'itanura, sisitemu y'ingufu, sisitemu ya gaze, sisitemu y'ubushyuhe n'isitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi. Sisitemu y'ubushyuhe ni imwe mu ngingo z'ingenzi zituma silicone ikura, kandi ubwiza bwa monocrystalline silicon bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bushyuhe bw'ubutaka bw'ubushyuhe.
Ibice by'ubushyuhe bigizwe ahanini n'ibikoresho bya karuboni (ibikoresho bya grafiti n'ibikoresho bya karuboni bivanze), bigabanyijemo ibice by'inkunga, ibice bikora, ibintu bishyushya, ibice birinda, ibikoresho byo gukingira ubushyuhe, nibindi, hakurikijwe imikorere yabyo, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1. Uko ingano ya siliconi ikomeza kwiyongera, ibisabwa ku bice by'ubushyuhe nabyo biriyongera. Ibikoresho bya karuboni bivanze biba amahitamo ya mbere ku bikoresho bya karuboni bivanze n'ubushyuhe kubera ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kudahindagurika no kugira imiterere myiza ya mekanike.
Mu gikorwa cya silicone monocrystalline ya czochralcian, gushonga kw'ibikoresho bya silicon bizatuma habaho umwuka wa silicone n'amazi ya silicone ashongeshejwe, bigatuma ibikoresho byo mu murima w'ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni bishonga, kandi imiterere ya mekanike n'igihe ibikoresho byo mu murima w'ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni bigira ingaruka zikomeye. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo kugabanya ihungabana ry'ibikoresho byo mu murima w'ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni no kunoza igihe byakoreshejwe byabaye kimwe mu bibazo bikunze kugaragara ku bakora silicone monocrystalline n'abakora ibikoresho byo mu murima w'ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni.Igipfukisho cya silicon carbideIbaye amahitamo ya mbere yo kurinda ibikoresho byo mu butaka bishyushya karubone/karubone bitewe n’uko irwanya ubushyuhe no kwangirika kwayo.
Muri iyi nyandiko, uhereye ku bikoresho by’ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni bikoreshwa mu gukora silikoni imwe ikoze mu buryo bwa crystalline, hashyizweho uburyo bw’ingenzi bwo gutegura, ibyiza n’ibibi byo gusiga silikoni. Ni muri urwo rwego, ikoreshwa n’iterambere ry’ubushakashatsi ku gusiga silikoni mu bikoresho by’ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni bisuzumwa hakurikijwe imiterere y’ibikoresho by’ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni, kandi hatanzwe ibitekerezo n’amabwiriza yo guteza imbere uburyo bwo kurinda ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni.
1 Ikoranabuhanga ryo guteguragutwikira karubide ya silikoni
1.1 Uburyo bwo gushyiramo
Uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu bukunze gukoreshwa mu gutegura irangi ry'imbere rya silicon carbide muri sisitemu y'ibikoresho bya C/ C-sic. Ubu buryo bubanza gukoresha ifu ivanze kugira ngo ipfundike ibikoresho bya karuboni/karuboni, hanyuma igakoresha ubushyuhe ku bushyuhe runaka. Urukurikirane rw'ibikorwa bigoye bya fiziki na shimi bibaho hagati y'ifu ivanze n'ubuso bw'icyitegererezo kugira ngo hakorwe irangi. Akamaro kabyo ni uko inzira yoroshye, inzira imwe gusa niyo ishobora gutegura ibikoresho by'irangi binini kandi bidafite icyuho; Impinduka nto kuva ku gipimo cya mbere kugeza ku gicuruzwa cya nyuma; Bikwiriye imiterere iyo ari yo yose ya fibre; Interineti runaka y'imiterere ishobora gukorwa hagati y'irangi n'irangi, ihujwe neza n'irangi. Ariko kandi, hari n'ibibi, nko gukorana n'imiti ku bushyuhe bwinshi, bishobora kwangiza fibre, ndetse n'imiterere ya mashini ya karuboni/karuboni igabanuka. Kungana kw'irangi biragoye kugenzura, bitewe n'ibintu nk'uburemere, bituma irangi ritangana.
1.2 Uburyo bwo gusiga ibintu bivanze n'urusenda
Uburyo bwo gusiga ibintu bivanze ni ukuvanga ibikoresho byo gusiga n'ibifunga mu ruvange, hanyuma ugasukura neza hejuru y'umubumbe, nyuma yo kumisha mu kirere kidahumeka, icyitegererezo gitwikiriwe gishyirwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi igipfundikizo gikenewe gishobora kuboneka. Ibyiza ni uko inzira yoroshye kandi yoroshye kuyikoresha, kandi ubugari bw'igipfundikizo bworoshye kugenzura; Imbogamizi ni uko hari imbaraga nke zo gufatanya hagati y'igipfundikizo n'igice cy'ubutaka, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubushyuhe bw'igipfundikizo ni buke, kandi uburyo igipfundikizo gisa neza.
1.3 Uburyo bwo gukora ikoreshwa ry'umwuka w'uburozi
Uburyo bwa "chemical vapor reaction" (CVR) ni uburyo bwo gukora "process" butuma "silicone" ikomeye ihinduka "silicone" mu mwuka wa "silicone" ku bushyuhe runaka, hanyuma "silicone" ikagera imbere no hejuru ya "matrix", hanyuma igakora "carbine" muri "matrix" kugira ngo ikore "silicone". Ibyiza byayo birimo ikirere kimwe mu itanura, uburyo bwo gukora "reaction" buhoraho n'ubugari bw'ibikoresho bitwikiriwe ahantu hose; Uburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye gukoresha, kandi ubugari bw'igipfundikizo bushobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe guhindura igitutu cy'umwuka wa "silicone", igihe cyo gushyiramo n'ibindi bipimo. Imbogamizi ni uko icyitegererezo kigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mwanya uri mu itanura, kandi igitutu cy'umwuka wa "silicone" mu itanura ntikishobora kugera ku rugero rumwe rw'ibitekerezo, bigatuma ubugari bw'igipfundikizo bungana.
1.4 Uburyo bwo gushyira umwuka w'uburozi mu buryo bwa shimi
Gushyira umwuka mu buryo bwa "chemical vapor deposition" (CVD) ni uburyo hydrocarbons zikoreshwa nk'isoko ya gaze n'ubuziranenge bwinshi bwa N2/Ar nk'umwuka utwara ibintu kugira ngo zinjize imyuka ivanze mu cyuma gitunganya umwuka, maze hydrocarbons zigashonga, zigakorwa, zigakwirakwizwa, zigashyirwa mu mazi kandi zigakemuka munsi y'ubushyuhe n'igitutu runaka kugira ngo hakorwe filimi zikomeye ku buso bw'ibikoresho bivanze bya karuboni/karuboni. Akamaro kabyo ni uko ubucucike n'ubuziranenge bw'igipfundikizo bishobora kugenzurwa; Bikwiriye kandi gukoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bifite imiterere igoye cyane; Imiterere ya kristu n'imiterere y'ubuso bw'umusaruro bishobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe guhindura ibipimo byo gushyiramo. Ingaruka mbi ni uko igipimo cyo gushyiramo kiri hasi cyane, inzira iragoye, ikiguzi cyo gukora kiri hejuru, kandi hashobora kubaho inenge zo gutwikira, nk'imivuniko, inenge z'umuyoboro n'inenge z'ubuso.
Muri make, uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibikoresho bugarukira ku miterere yabwo y'ikoranabuhanga, bukwiriye guteza imbere no gukora ibikoresho byo muri laboratwari n'ibito; Uburyo bwo gusiga ntabwo bukwiriye gukorwa ku bwinshi kubera ko budakora neza. Uburyo bwa CVR bushobora guhaza umusaruro mwinshi w'ibicuruzwa binini, ariko bufite ibisabwa byinshi ku bikoresho n'ikoranabuhanga. Uburyo bwa CVD ni uburyo bwiza bwo guteguraIgipfukisho cya SIC, ariko ikiguzi cyayo kiri hejuru ugereranije n'uburyo bwa CVR kubera ko bugoye mu kugenzura ibikorwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 22 Gashyantare 2024