Akuchanekanga kakhulu ukuthi i-graphite yi-semiconductor. Kwezinye iindawo zophando olusemngceleni, izinto zekhabhoni ezifana nee-carbon nanotubes, iifilimu zesihluzo se-carbon molecular kunye neefilimu zekhabhoni ezifana nedayimani (uninzi lwazo luneempawu ezibalulekileyo ze-semiconductor phantsi kweemeko ezithile) zezabo.izixhobo zegrafayithi, kodwa isakhiwo sabo esincinci sahluke kakhulu kwisakhiwo segrafiti esiqhelekileyo esineeleya.
Kwi-graphite, kukho ii-electron ezine kumaleko wangaphandle wee-athomu zekhabhoni, ezintathu kuzo zenza ii-covalent bonds kunye nee-electron zezinye ii-athomu zekhabhoni, ukuze i-athomu nganye yekhabhoni ibe nee-electron ezintathu zokwenza ii-covalent bonds, kwaye enye eseleyo ibizwa ngokuba zii-π electrons. Ezi electron ze-π zihamba ngokukhululekileyo kwindawo ephakathi kwee-layers, kwaye i-conductivity ye-graphite ixhomekeke kakhulu kwezi electron ze-π. Ngeendlela zeekhemikhali, emva kokuba ikhabhoni kwi-graphite iguqulwe yaba yinto ezinzileyo, njenge-carbon dioxide, i-conductivity iyabuthathaka. Ukuba i-graphite i-oxidized, ezi electron ze-π ziya kwenza ii-covalent bonds kunye nee-electron zee-athomu ze-oxygen, ukuze zingasakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, kwaye i-conductivity iya kuncipha kakhulu. Lo ngumgaqo we-Conductive weumqhubi wegrafiti.
Ishishini le-semiconductor lenziwe ikakhulu ziisekethe ezidibeneyo, ii-optoelectronics, ii-separators kunye nee-sensors. Izixhobo ezintsha ze-semiconductor kufuneka zilandele imithetho emininzi ukuze zithathe indawo yezinto ze-silicon zemveli kwaye ziphumelele ukuqatshelwa kwimarike. Isiphumo se-Photoelectric kunye nesiphumo se-Hall yimithetho emibini ebaluleke kakhulu namhlanje. Izazinzulu ziqaphele isiphumo se-quantum Hall se-graphene kubushushu begumbi zaza zafumanisa ukuba i-graphene ayizukuvelisa ukusasazwa emva kokudibana nokungcola, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ineempawu eziqhuba kakuhle kakhulu. Ukongeza, i-graphene iphantse ibonakale ngeliso lenyama kwaye inokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu. I-Graphene ineempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-optical kwaye iya kutshintsha ngobukhulu bayo. Ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwicandelo le-optoelectronics. I-Graphene ineempawu ezininzi ezintle kwaye iya kusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi, ezifana nesikrini sokubonisa, i-capacitor, i-sensor njalo njalo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-07-2022