Akulungile neze ukusho ukuthi i-graphite iyi-semiconductor. Kweminye imikhakha yocwaningo lwasemngceleni, izinto ze-carbon ezifana nama-carbon nanotubes, amafilimu esivikelo se-carbon molecular kanye namafilimu e-carbon afana nedayimane (iningi lawo anezakhiwo ezibalulekile ze-semiconductor ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile) zingezawo.izinto ze-graphite, kodwa isakhiwo sabo esincane sihluke kakhulu esakhiweni se-graphite esijwayelekile esinezingqimba.
Ku-graphite, kune-electron ezine engxenyeni engaphandle yama-athomu e-carbon, amathathu awo akha izibopho ze-covalent nama-electron amanye ama-athomu e-carbon, ukuze i-athomu ngayinye ye-carbon ibe nama-electron amathathu ukwakha izibopho ze-covalent, kanti enye esele ibizwa ngokuthi ama-electron e-π. Lawa ma-electron e-π ahamba cishe ngokukhululeka esikhaleni esiphakathi kwezingqimba, futhi ukuhanjiswa kwe-graphite kuncike kakhulu kulawa ma-electron e-π. Ngezindlela zamakhemikhali, ngemva kokuba i-carbon e-graphite iguqulwe yaba yinto ezinzile, njenge-carbon dioxide, ukuhanjiswa kwe-conductivity kuyabuthakathaka. Uma i-graphite i-oxidized, lawa ma-electron e-π azokwakha izibopho ze-covalent nama-electron ama-athomu e-oxygen, ukuze angabe esakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululeka, futhi ukuhanjiswa kwe-conductivity kuzoncishiswa kakhulu. Lesi yisimiso sokuqhuba se-umqhubi we-graphite.
Imboni ye-semiconductor yakhiwe kakhulu ngamasekethe ahlanganisiwe, ama-optoelectronics, ama-separator kanye nama-sensor. Izinto ezintsha ze-semiconductor zidinga ukulandela imithetho eminingi ukuze zithathe indawo yezinto ze-silicon zendabuko futhi zizuze ukuqashelwa emakethe. Umphumela we-Photoelectric kanye nomphumela we-Hall yimithetho emibili ebaluleke kakhulu namuhla. Ososayensi baqaphele umphumela we-quantum Hall we-graphene ekushiseni kwegumbi futhi bathola ukuthi i-graphene ngeke ikhiqize ukuhlakazeka ngemuva kokuhlangana nokungcola, okubonisa ukuthi inezakhiwo eziqhuba kahle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-graphene icishe ibonakale ngamehlo enyama futhi inokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu. I-Graphene inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhanya futhi izoshintsha ngobuningi bayo. Ifanele ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni we-optoelectronics. I-Graphene inezakhiwo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu futhi izosetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi, njengesibonisi, i-capacitor, i-sensor njalonjalo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-07-2022