Cov khoom siv silicon carbide thiab nws cov yam ntxwv

Cov khoom siv semiconductor yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub no, siv dav hauv cov khoos phis tawj, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev sib txuas lus hauv network, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsheb, thiab lwm qhov chaw. Kev lag luam semiconductor feem ntau muaj plaub yam khoom tseem ceeb: integrated circuits, optoelectronic devices, discrete device, sensor, uas suav txog ntau dua 80% ntawm cov integrated circuits, yog li feem ntau yog semiconductor thiab integrated circuit sib npaug.

Raws li pawg khoom, lub voj voog sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau muab faib ua plaub pawg: microprocessor, nco, logic devices, thiab simulator parts. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor, ntau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb xav tau cov semiconductors kom ua raws li kev siv kub siab, hluav taws xob muaj zog, lub zog siab thiab lwm yam ib puag ncig, tsis txhob ua puas tsuaj, thawj thiab thib ob tiam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor tsis muaj zog, yog li tiam thib peb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor tau tshwm sim.

Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor dav dav uas sawv cev los ntawmsilicon carbide(SiC), gallium nitride (GaN), zinc oxide (ZnO), pob zeb diamond, txhuas nitride (AlN) nyob hauv kev lag luam tseem ceeb nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua, hu ua cov khoom siv semiconductor tiam thib peb. Cov khoom siv semiconductor tiam thib peb nrog qhov dav dav ntawm qhov sib txawv, qhov siab dua ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tawg, thermal conductivity, hluav taws xob saturated rate thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus hluav taws xob ntau dua, tsim nyog rau kev ua cov khoom siv kub siab, zaus siab, tiv taus hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv fais fab siab, feem ntau hu ua cov khoom siv semiconductor dav bandgap (qhov dav txwv tsis pub tshaj 2.2 eV), tseem hu ua cov khoom siv semiconductor kub siab. Los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tam sim no ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor tiam thib peb thiab cov khoom siv, silicon carbide thiab gallium nitride semiconductor cov khoom siv tau laus dua, thiabsilicon carbide thev naus laus zisyog qhov paub tab tshaj plaws, thaum kev tshawb fawb txog zinc oxide, pob zeb diamond, txhuas nitride thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tseem nyob rau theem pib.

Cov Khoom Siv thiab Lawv Cov Khoom:

Silicon carbideCov khoom siv dav siv hauv cov pob ceramic bearings, li qub, cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor, gyros, ntsuas cov cuab yeej, aerospace thiab lwm yam teb, tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tsis muaj qhov kawg hauv ntau qhov chaw lag luam.

SiC yog ib hom superlattice ntuj thiab yog ib hom polytype homogeneous. Muaj ntau tshaj 200 (tam sim no paub) homotypic polytypic tsev neeg vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntim ntawm Si thiab C diatomic, uas ua rau muaj cov qauv siv lead ua sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, SiC yog qhov tsim nyog rau tiam tshiab ntawm lub teeb emitting diode (LED) substrate khoom, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog siab.