Ko ngā uku motuhake e pā ana ki tētahi momo uku he āhuatanga miihini, ā-tinana, ā-matū rānei, he rerekē rawa ngā rauemi mata e whakamahia ana me te hangarau whakaputa e hiahiatia ana i ngā uku noa me te whanaketanga. E ai ki ngā āhuatanga me ngā whakamahinga, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā uku motuhake ki ngā wāhanga e rua: ngā uku hanganga me ngā uku mahi. I roto i ēnei, ko ngā uku hanganga e pā ana ki ngā uku ka taea te whakamahi hei rauemi hanganga hangarau, he kaha teitei, he pakeke teitei, he ngāwari teitei, he ātete pāmahana teitei, he ātete kakahu, he ātete waikura, he ātete waikura, he ātete ru wera me ētahi atu āhuatanga.
He maha ngā momo uku hanganga, ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga, ā, he rerekē te ahunga tono o ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga, i roto i ēnei ko ngā "ukurama silicon nitride" nā te taurite o te mahi i ngā āhuatanga katoa, e mōhiotia ana ko te mahi tino pai rawa atu i roto i te whānau uku hanganga, ā, he whānui rawa ngā tono.
Ngā painga o ngā uku silicon nitride
Ka taea te wehewehe i te nitride silicon (Si3N4) ki ngā pūhui here kovalent, me te [SiN4] 4-tetrahedron hei wae hanganga. Ka kitea ngā tūranga motuhake o ngā ngota hauota me te silicon mai i te pikitia i raro nei, kei waenganui o te tetrahedron te silicon, ā, ko ngā tūranga o ngā pito e whā o te tetrahedron e nohoia ana e ngā ngota hauota, kātahi ka tohaina e ia tetrahedron e toru tētahi ngota, ka toro tonu i roto i te wāhi toru-ahu. Hei whakamutunga, ka hangaia te hanganga whatunga. He maha ngā āhuatanga o te nitride silicon e pā ana ki tēnei hanganga tetrahedral.
E toru ngā hanganga tioata o te silicon nitride, arā, ko ngā āhua α, β me te γ, ā, ko ngā āhua α me te β ngā momo silicon nitride e tino kitea ana. Nā te mea he tino piripono ngā ngota hauota, he kaha teitei, he pakeke teitei, he ātete pāmahana teitei te silicon nitride, ā, ka taea e te pakeke te eke ki te HRA91~93; He pakari wera pai, ka taea te tu atu i te pāmahana teitei o te 1300~1400℃; He iti te tauhohenga matū ki te waro me ngā huānga whakarewa ka iti te tauwehenga waku; He whakahinuhinu-ā-ia anō, ā, nō reira he ātete ki te kakahu; He kaha te ātete waikura, hei tāpiri atu ki te waikawa hauwaiwai, kāore e tauhohe ki ētahi atu waikawa kore-ora, he ātete waikura hoki te pāmahana teitei; He pai hoki te ātete ru wera, he matao tere i te hau, kātahi ka kore e pakaru te wera tere; Ka heke te ngoki o ngā uku silicon nitride i te pāmahana teitei, ā, he iti te whakarerekētanga kirihou puhoi i raro i te mahi a te pāmahana teitei me te kawenga pumau.
Hei tāpiritanga, he kaha motuhake teitei anō hoki ngā uku silicon nitride, he aratau motuhake teitei, he kawe wera teitei, he āhuatanga hiko tino pai me ētahi atu painga, nō reira he uara tono motuhake tōna i roto i ngā taiao tino kino pēnei i te pāmahana teitei, te tere teitei, te pāpāho waikura kaha, ā, e kiia ana ko tētahi o ngā rauemi uku hanganga tino whai hua mō te whanaketanga me te tono, ā, he maha ngā wā ka noho ko te whiringa tuatahi i roto i te maha o ngā tono me whakamātautau.
Wā tuku: 15 o Ākuhata-2023