Chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka kwa zochita za Si ndi NaOH kuli kofulumira kuposa SiO2?

Chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka kwa zochita zasilikoniNdipo sodium hydroxide imatha kupitirira ya silicon dioxide, ikhoza kusanthulidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zotsatirazi:

Kusiyana kwa mphamvu ya chomangira cha mankhwala

▪ Kuyanjana kwa silicon ndi sodium hydroxide: Pamene silicon ikugwirizana ndi sodium hydroxide, mphamvu ya Si-Si bond pakati pa maatomu a silicon ndi 176kJ/mol yokha. Chigwirizano cha Si-Si chimasweka panthawi ya kuyanjana, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kusweka. Kuchokera pakuwona kwa kinetic, kuyanjana kumakhala kosavuta kupitiliza.

▪ Kuyankha kwa silicon dioxide ndi sodium hydroxide: Mphamvu ya Si-O bond pakati pa maatomu a silicon ndi maatomu a okosijeni mu silicon dioxide ndi 460kJ/mol, yomwe ndi yokwera kwambiri. Zimafunika mphamvu zambiri kuti ziswe mgwirizano wa Si-O panthawi ya kuchitapo kanthu, kotero kuchitapo kanthu kumakhala kovuta kuchitika ndipo liwiro la kuchitapo kanthu limachepa.

Njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira zinthu

▪ Silikoni imayamwa ndi sodium hydroxide: Silikoni imayamwa ndi sodium hydroxide poyamba poyamwa ndi madzi kuti ipange hydrogen ndi silicic acid, kenako silicic acid imayamwa ndi sodium hydroxide kuti ipange sodium silicate ndi madzi. Panthawiyi, kuyamwa pakati pa silicon ndi madzi kumatulutsa kutentha, komwe kungathandize kuti mamolekyu ayende bwino, motero kumapanga malo abwino ochitira zinthuzo ndikufulumizitsa liwiro la kuyamwa.

▪ Silicon dioxide imakumana ndi sodium hydroxide: Silicon dioxide imakumana ndi sodium hydroxide poyamba pokumana ndi madzi kuti ipange silicic acid, kenako silicic acid imakumananso ndi sodium hydroxide kuti ipange sodium silicate. Kachitidwe ka silicon dioxide ndi madzi kamakhala kochedwa kwambiri, ndipo njira yochitira izi kwenikweni situlutsa kutentha. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a kinetic, sikothandiza kuti pakhale kachitidwe kachangu.

Kapangidwe kosiyanasiyana ka zinthu

▪ Kapangidwe ka silikoni:SilikoniIli ndi kapangidwe kake ka kristalo, ndipo pali mipata ina ndi kuyanjana kofooka pakati pa maatomu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sodium hydroxide solution igwirizane mosavuta ndi maatomu a silicon.

▪ Kapangidwe kasilikonimpweya woipa:silikonimpweya wa kaboni uli ndi kapangidwe kokhazikika ka netiweki ya malo.SilikoniMa atomu ndi ma atomu a okosijeni amamangiriridwa mwamphamvu ndi ma covalent bonds kuti apange kapangidwe ka kristalo kolimba komanso kokhazikika. N'kovuta kuti sodium hydroxide solution ilowe mkati mwake ndikukhudza kwathunthu ma atomu a silicon, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Ma atomu a silicon okha pamwamba pa tinthu ta silicon dioxide ndi omwe angagwirizane ndi sodium hydroxide, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachitika.

Zotsatira za mikhalidwe

▪ Kachitidwe ka silicon ndi sodium hydroxide: Pa kutentha, kuchuluka kwa kachitidwe ka silicon ndi sodium hydroxide kudzawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo kachitidweko nthawi zambiri kamatha kuyenda bwino kutentha kwambiri.

▪ Kachitidwe ka silicon dioxide ndi sodium hydroxide: Kachitidwe ka silicon dioxide ndi sodium hydroxide solution kamakhala kochedwa kwambiri kutentha kwa chipinda. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa kachitidwe kamasintha pakagwa mavuto monga kutentha kwambiri komanso sodium hydroxide solution.