Kungani izinga lokusabela kwe-Si ne-NaOH lishesha kune-SiO2?

Kungani izinga lokusabela kwe-i-siliconkanye ne-sodium hydroxide kungadlula okwe-silicon dioxide kungahlaziywa kusukela kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

Umehluko emandleni esibopho samakhemikhali

▪ Ukusabela kwe-silicon ne-sodium hydroxide: Lapho i-silicon isabela ne-sodium hydroxide, amandla e-Si-Si bond phakathi kwama-athomu e-silicon angama-176kJ/mol kuphela. I-Si-Si bond iyaphuka ngesikhathi sokusabela, okulula kakhulu ukuyiphula. Ngokombono we-kinetic, ukusabela kulula ukuqhubeka.

▪ Ukusabela kwe-silicon dioxide kanye ne-sodium hydroxide: Amandla e-bond ye-Si-O phakathi kwama-athomu e-silicon nama-athomu e-oxygen ku-silicon dioxide angama-460kJ/mol, aphezulu kakhulu. Kudinga amandla aphezulu ukuphula i-bond ye-Si-O ngesikhathi sokusabela, ngakho-ke ukusabela kunzima ukwenzeka futhi izinga lokusabela lihamba kancane.

Izindlela ezahlukene zokusabela

▪ I-Silicon isabela ne-sodium hydroxide: I-Silicon isabela ne-sodium hydroxide kuqala ngokuphendula namanzi ukuze ikhiqize i-hydrogen ne-silicic acid, bese i-silicic acid isabela ne-sodium hydroxide ukuze ikhiqize i-sodium silicate namanzi. Phakathi nalokhu kusabela, ukusabela phakathi kwe-silicon namanzi kukhipha ukushisa, okungakhuthaza ukunyakaza kwama-molecule, ngaleyo ndlela kudale indawo engcono ye-kinetic yokusabela futhi kusheshiswe izinga lokusabela.

▪ I-silicon dioxide isabela ne-sodium hydroxide: I-silicon dioxide iqala isabela ne-sodium hydroxide ngokuphendula namanzi ukuze ikhiqize i-silicic acid, bese i-silicic acid isabela ne-sodium hydroxide ukuze ikhiqize i-sodium silicate. Ukusabela phakathi kwe-silicon dioxide namanzi kuhamba kancane kakhulu, futhi inqubo yokusabela empeleni ayikhiphi ukushisa. Ngokombono we-kinetic, ayikhuthazi ukusabela okusheshayo.

Izakhiwo zezinto ezihlukene

▪ Isakhiwo se-silicon:I-Siliconinesakhiwo esithile sekristalu, futhi kunezikhala ezithile kanye nokusebenzisana okubuthakathaka phakathi kwama-athomu, okwenza kube lula ukuthi isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide sixhumane futhi sisabelane nama-athomu e-silicon.

▪ Isakhiwo sei-siliconi-dioxide:i-siliconi-dioxide inesakhiwo senethiwekhi yesikhala esizinzile.I-SiliconAma-athomu nama-athomu e-oxygen aboshwe ngokuqinile yizibopho ze-covalent ukuze akhe isakhiwo sekristalu esiqinile nesizinzile. Kunzima ukuthi isixazululo se-sodium hydroxide singene ngaphakathi kwaso futhi sithinte ngokuphelele ama-athomu e-silicon, okubangela ubunzima ekuphenduleni okusheshayo. Ama-athomu e-silicon kuphela ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-silicon dioxide angasabela ne-sodium hydroxide, okunciphisa izinga lokusabela.

Umphumela wezimo

▪ Ukusabela kwe-silicon ne-sodium hydroxide: Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa, izinga lokusabela kwe-silicon nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide lizosheshiswa kakhulu, futhi ukusabela ngokuvamile kungaqhubeka kahle emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

▪ Ukusabela kwe-silicon dioxide ne-sodium hydroxide: Ukusabela kwe-silicon dioxide nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide kuhamba kancane kakhulu ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokusabela lizothuthukiswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima njengokushisa okuphezulu kanye nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide esigxilile.