Kutheni ireyithi yokusabela yeisiliconkunye nesodium hydroxide inokuyogqitha leyo yesilicon dioxide inokucazululwa kule miba ilandelayo:
Umahluko kumandla bond imichiza
▪ Isenzo sesilicon kunye nesodium hydroxide: Xa isilicon isabelana nesodium hydroxide, amandla e-Si-Si bond phakathi kweeathom zesilicon yi-176kJ/mol kuphela. Ibhondi ye-Si-Si iyaphuka ngexesha lokusabela, ekulula ukuyiqhawula. Ukusuka kwimbono yekinetic, ukusabela kulula ukuqhubeka.
▪ Isenzo sesilicon dioxide nesodium hydroxide: Amandla eSi-O phakathi kweathom yesilicon kunye neoksijini kwisilicon dioxide yi-460kJ/mol, engaphezulu. Kuthatha amandla aphezulu ukuphula ibhondi ye-Si-O ngexesha lokuphendula, ngoko ke ukuphendula kunzima ukwenzeka kwaye izinga lokuphendula licotha.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusabela
▪ Isilicon idibana nesodium hydroxide: Isilicon idibana nesodium hydroxide kuqala ngokudibana namanzi ukuze ivelise ihydrogen neasilicic acid, emva koko isilicic acid idibana nesodium hydroxide ukuze ivelise isodiyam silicate namanzi. Ngexesha lokusabela, ukusabela phakathi kwe-silicon kunye namanzi kukhupha ubushushu, obunokukhuthaza intshukumo ye-molecular, ngaloo ndlela idala indawo engcono ye-kinetic yokusabela kunye nokukhawulezisa izinga lokuphendula.
▪ Isilicon dioxide idibana nesodium hydroxide: Isilicon dioxide idibana nesodium hydroxide kuqala ngokudibana namanzi ukuze ivelise iasidi yesilicic, emva koko isilicic acid idibana nesodium hydroxide ukuze ivelise isodium silicate. Ukusabela phakathi kwesilicon dioxide kunye namanzi kucotha kakhulu, kwaye inkqubo yokusabela ayibukhuphi ubushushu. Ukusuka kwimbono ye-kinetic, ayihambisani nokusabela ngokukhawuleza.
Izakhiwo zezinto ezahlukeneyo
▪ Ubume besilicon:Isiliconinesakhiwo esithile sekristale, kwaye kukho izikhewu ezithile kunye nokusebenzisana okubuthathaka ngokwentelekiso phakathi kweathom, okwenza kube lula kwisisombululo sesodium hydroxide ukunxibelelana nokusabela ngeeathom zesilicon.
▪ Ubume beisiliconidayoksayidi:isiliconI-dioksidi inesakhiwo sothungelwano sesithuba esizinzileyo.Isiliconiiathom kunye neeathom ze-oksijini zibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo ngamabhondi adibeneyo ukuze zenze isakhiwo sekristale esiqinileyo nesizinzileyo. Kunzima isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukuba singene ngaphakathi kwayo kwaye sidibanise ngokupheleleyo ii-athomu ze-silicon, okubangela ubunzima bokusabela ngokukhawuleza. Kuphela iiathom ze-silicon kumphezulu we-silicon dioxide amasuntswana zinokusabela nge-sodium hydroxide, ukunciphisa isantya sokuphendula.
Isiphumo seemeko
▪ Ukusabela kwe-silicon nge-sodium hydroxide: Phantsi kweemeko zokufudumeza, izinga lokuphendula kwe-silicon enesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide iya kukhawuleziswa kakhulu, kwaye ukusabela ngokuqhelekileyo kunokuqhubeka kakuhle kumaqondo aphezulu.
▪ Indlela isilicon dioxide esabela ngayo kwisodium hydroxide: I-silicon dioxide enesodium hydroxide isabela kancinane kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga lokuphendula liya kuphuculwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-10-2024