Kutheni izinga lokuphendulai-siliconkwaye i-sodium hydroxide inokudlula eye-silicon dioxide inokuhlalutywa kwezi nkalo zilandelayo:
Umahluko kumandla ebhondi yeekhemikhali
▪ I-reaction ye-silicon kunye ne-sodium hydroxide: Xa i-silicon isabela kunye ne-sodium hydroxide, amandla e-bond ye-Si-Si phakathi kwee-athomu ze-silicon yi-176kJ/mol kuphela. I-bond ye-Si-Si iyaphuka ngexesha le-reaction, okulula ukuyiqhekeza. Ukusuka kwi-kinetic point of view, i-reaction kulula ukuqhubeka.
▪ I-reaction ye-silicon dioxide kunye ne-sodium hydroxide: Amandla e-bond ye-Si-O phakathi kwee-athomu ze-silicon kunye nee-athomu ze-oxygen kwi-silicon dioxide yi-460kJ/mol, nto leyo ephezulu. Kuthatha amandla aphezulu ukuphula i-bond ye-Si-O ngexesha le-reaction, ngoko ke i-reaction inzima ukwenzeka kwaye izinga le-reaction licotha.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusabela
▪ I-Silicon isabela kwi-sodium hydroxide: I-Silicon isabela kwi-sodium hydroxide kuqala ngokuphendula namanzi ukuze ivelise i-hydrogen kunye ne-silicic acid, emva koko i-silicic acid isabela kwi-sodium hydroxide ukuze ivelise i-sodium silicate namanzi. Ngexesha lokuphendula, impendulo phakathi kwe-silicon namanzi ikhupha ubushushu, obunokukhuthaza intshukumo yeemolekyuli, ngaloo ndlela kudala imeko-bume engcono ye-kinetic yempendulo kwaye ikhawulezise izinga lokuphendula.
▪ I-silicon dioxide isabela kwi-sodium hydroxide: I-silicon dioxide iqala isebenze kwi-sodium hydroxide ngokuphendula namanzi ukuze ivelise i-silicic acid, emva koko i-silicic acid isabela kwi-sodium hydroxide ukuze ivelise i-sodium silicate. I-reaction phakathi kwe-silicon dioxide namanzi icotha kakhulu, kwaye inkqubo ye-reaction ngokusisiseko ayikhuphi ubushushu. Ngokwembono ye-kinetic, ayikhuthazi i-reaction ekhawulezayo.
Izakhiwo zezinto ezahlukeneyo
▪ Ulwakhiwo lwe-silicon:I-siliconinesakhiwo esithile sekristale, kwaye kukho izikhewu ezithile kunye nokusebenzisana okubuthathaka phakathi kweeathom, okwenza kube lula ukuba isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide sidibane kwaye siphendule neeathom ze-silicon.
▪ Ulwakhiwo lwei-siliconi-dioxide:i-siliconi-dioxide inolwakhiwo oluzinzileyo lwenethiwekhi yendawo.I-siliconIiathom kunye neeathom zeoksijini zibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo zii-covalent bonds ukuze zenze isakhiwo sekristale esiqinileyo nesizinzileyo. Kunzima ukuba isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide singene ngaphakathi kwaso size siqhagamshelane ngokupheleleyo neeathom ze-silicon, nto leyo ebangela ubunzima ekuphenduleni ngokukhawuleza. Ziathom ze-silicon kuphela ezikumphezulu wee-silicon dioxide particles ezinokusabela ne-sodium hydroxide, nto leyo ethintela izinga lokusabela.
Impembelelo yeemeko
▪ I-reaction ye-silicon kunye ne-sodium hydroxide: Phantsi kweemeko zokufudumeza, izinga lokusabela kwe-silicon kunye nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide liya kukhawuleziswa kakhulu, kwaye i-reaction ngokubanzi ingaqhubeka kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
▪ I-response ye-silicon dioxide kunye ne-sodium hydroxide: I-response ye-silicon dioxide kunye ne-sodium hydroxide isisombululo iyancipha kakhulu kubushushu begumbi. Ngokwesiqhelo, izinga lokusabela liya kuphuculwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-sodium hydroxide solution egxininisiweyo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-10-2024