Sei Silicon iri chip ye semiconductor?

Semiconductor chinhu chine simba remagetsi patembiricha yemukamuri riri pakati periya remuchina wekufambisa magetsi nemudziyo wekuisa magetsi. Kufanana newaya yemhangura muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, waya yearuminiyamu imuchina wekufambisa magetsi, uye rabha imudziyo wekuisa magetsi. Kubva pakuona kwemuchina wekufambisa magetsi: semiconductor zvinoreva muchina wekufambisa magetsi unodzorwa, kubva pamudziyo wekuisa magetsi kusvika kumuchina wekufambisa magetsi.

Mumazuva ekutanga emachipisi e semiconductor, silicon yakanga isiriyo inonyanya kushandiswa, germanium ndiyo yaishandiswa. Transistor yekutanga yaive transistor yakavakirwa pa germanium uye chip yekutanga yedunhu rakabatanidzwa yaive germanium chip.

Zvisinei, germanium ine mamwe matambudziko akaomarara, akadai sekutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwema semiconductors, kusagadzikana kwekupisa, uye kusakwana kwema oxides. Uyezve, germanium chinhu chisingawanzoitiki, huwandu hwevhu rePasi hunongova zvikamu zvinomwe chete pamiriyoni, uye kupararira kwe germanium ore kwakapararirawo zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti germanium haiwanzoitiki, kupararira kwayo hakuna kuzara, zvichikonzera kudhura kwakanyanya kwezvinhu zve germanium; Zvinhu hazviwanzoitiki, mitengo yezvinhu zvakagadziriswa yakakwira, uye germanium transistors haina kudhura chero kupi, saka germanium transistors inonetsa kugadzira yakawanda.

Saka, vaongorori, chinangwa chekudzidza chakakwira zvakanyanya, vachitarisa silicon. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti zvikanganiso zvese zvekuzvarwa nazvo zvegermanium ndizvo zvakanakira zvekuzvarwa nazvo zvesilicon.

1, silicon ndiyo element yechipiri inowanikwa zvakanyanya mushure meokisijeni, asi haugone kuwana silicon mune zvakasikwa, makemikari ayo anowanzo kuwanikwa isilika ne silicates. Silica ndeimwe yezvikamu zvikuru zvejecha. Pamusoro pezvo, feldspar, granite, quartz nedzimwe makemikari zvakavakirwa pamakemikari e silicon-oxygen.

2. Kugadzikana kwekupisa kwesilicon kwakanaka, ine oxide yakasimba uye ine dielectric constant oxide yakawanda, inogona kugadzirira nyore nyore interface yesilicon-silicon oxide isina zvikanganiso zvakawanda zve interface.

3. Silicon oxide hainyungudike mumvura (germanium oxide hainyungudike mumvura) uye hainyungudike mumaacid mazhinji, inova tekinoroji yekudhinda ngura yemabhodhi edunhu akadhindwa. Chigadzirwa chakabatanidzwa inzira yakasanganiswa yedunhu yakarongwa ichiripo nanhasi.